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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

hard en · ADJ · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /hɑɹd/ (General-American)
  • härd (General-American)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • häd (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • /hɑːd/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognates Cognate with Yola hard (“hard”), West Frisian hurd (“hard”), Alemannic German hert (“hard”), Bavarian hoat (“hard”), Central Franconian haat (“hard”), Dutch hard (“hard”), German hart (“hard”), Luxembourgish haart (“hard”), Danish and Swedish hård (“hard”), Faroese and Icelandic harður (“hard”), Norwegian Bokmål hard (“hard”), Norwegian Nynorsk hard, hard’u (“hard”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus, “hard”), Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu, “power, might, ability”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

Meanings

  1. (of material or fluid) Solid and firm.
    • Luckily she wasn’t there any more, no one was, when he returned from the Caribbean carnival damp-hatted and soaked through after being caught unprepared by a squall of hard, hot rain. 2001, Salman Rushdie, Fury: A Novel, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 5:
  2. (of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Resistant to pressure; difficult to break, cut, or penetrate.
    • This bread is so stale and hard, I can barely cut it.
  3. (of drink or drugs, of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Strong.
  4. (of a normally nonalcoholic drink, of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Containing alcohol.
    • hard cider, hard lemonade, hard seltzer, hard soda
    • Stunned, she deleted his number and went home. Then she cracked a hard seltzer, opened her phone’s camera and filmed a TikTok video recounting the evening […]. 2023 March 1, Rachel Ellison, “Bad Dates Turn Out to Be Excellent on TikTok”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 02 Mar 2023:
  5. (of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Very acidic or tannic.
    • While most 1974s remain hard, tannic, hollow wines lacking ripeness, flesh, and character, a number of the Graves estates did produce surprisingly spicy, interesting wines. 2002, Robert M. Parker (Jr.), Pierre-Antoine Rovani, Parker's Wine Buyer's Guide (page 175)
  6. (of material or fluid, of water) Solid and firm. ▸ High in dissolved chemical salts, especially those of calcium.
  7. (of a ferromagnetic material, of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Having the capability of being a permanent magnet by being a material with high magnetic coercivity (compare soft).
  8. (of electromagnetic radiation, of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Having a high energy (high frequency; short wavelength).
    • hard X-rays
  9. (of light, of material or fluid) Solid and firm. ▸ Made up of parallel rays, producing clearly defined shadows.
  10. (qualifier:personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Difficult or requiring a lot of effort to do, understand, experience, or deal with.
    • It’s been said that, for nonstellar teachers at least, the hardest things to teach are the things one loves most. 2016 January 2, James Romm, “Beginning Greek, Again and Again”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 08 Nov 2020:
    • a hard problem;  a hard question;  a hard topic
    • The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile. 2013 July 26, Nick Miroff, “Mexico gets a taste for eating insects …”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 32:
    • The stone circle is small and hard to find and the search is made harder because all down the beck cars are parked on the verge and the supposedly unfrequented road up the valley very busy. 1999 January 21, Alan Bennett, “What I did in 1998”, in London Review of Books, volume 21, number 2:
    • Ray found it hard to imagine having accumulated so many mannerisms before the dawn of sex, of the sexual need to please, of the staginess sex encourages or the tightly capped wells of poisoned sexual desire the disappointed must stand guard over. 1988, Edmund White, An Oracle:
  11. (qualifier:personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Demanding a lot of effort to endure.
    • a hard life
  12. (qualifier:personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Severe, harsh, unfriendly, brutal.
    • The senator asked the party chief to put the hard word on his potential rivals.
    • [L]eave off fornicating, leave the Girls to the Boys, and ſtand to thy Bottle: It is a Virtue becoming our Years; and don't be too hard on a vvild honeſt young Rake. 1730, [Henry Fielding], Rape upon Rape; or, The Justice Caught in His Own Trap. A Comedy. […], London: […] J. Wat[t]s, […], →OCLC, Act IV, scene vii, page 58:
    • a hard master;  a hard heart;  hard words;  a hard character
  13. (dated, qualifier:personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Difficult to resist or control; powerful.
    • The stag was too hard for the horse. 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:
    • a power which will be always too hard for them 1716 March 22 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 24. Sunday, March 12. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, →OCLC:
  14. (qualifier:personal or social) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Hardened; having unusually strong defences.
    • a hard site
  15. (qualifier:personal or social, slang) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Tough, muscular, badass.
    • I was a hard niggah, but not twisted enough to eat and socialize with my peeps knowing I was planning on robbing them before the night was over. 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 108:
    • He thinks he's well hard.
  16. (qualifier:personal or social, slang) Having a severe property; presenting difficulty. ▸ Excellent, impressive.
    • This song goes hard.
    • This guy always has the hardest fits.
  17. Unquestionable; unequivocal.
    • Here are a few techniques to turn a hard "no" into an easy "yes"! 1962, The Selling Power of a Woman:
    • hard evidence;  a hard requirement
    • Unsurprisingly for a man who went into mourning for three years after the death in 1994 of his own father, the legendary leader Kim Il-sung, and who in the first 30 years of his political career made no public statements, even to his own people, Kim's career is riddled with claims, counter claims, speculation, and contradiction. There are few hard facts about his birth and early years. 2011 December 19, Kerry Brown, “Kim Jong-il obituary”, in The Guardian:
    • […]for, unless supported by hard facts, abusive words would recoil on him who used them, and would pass like empty air over the head of an innocent man. 1796, The History of the Trial of Warren Hastings:
  18. (of a road intersection) Having a comparatively larger or a ninety-degree angle.
    • At the intersection, there are two roads going to the left. Take the hard left.
  19. (slang, vulgar) Sexually aroused; having an erect penis.
    • I got so hard watching two hot girls wrestle each other on the beach.
  20. Having muscles that are tightened as a result of intense, regular exercise.
  21. (not-comparable) Fortis. ▸ Plosive.
    • There is a hard c in "clock" and a soft c in "centre".
  22. (not-comparable) Fortis. ▸ Unvoiced.
    • Hard k, t, s, ch, as distinguished from soft, g, d, z, j.
  23. (qualifier:Slavic phonology) Velarized or plain, rather than palatalized.
    • The letter ж (ž) in Russian is always hard.
  24. Having a severe property; presenting a barrier to enjoyment. ▸ Rigid in the drawing or distribution of the figures; formal; lacking grace of composition.
  25. Having a severe property; presenting a barrier to enjoyment. ▸ Having disagreeable and abrupt contrasts in colour or shading.
  26. (not-comparable) In a physical form, not digital.
    • a soft or hard copy; a digital or hard archive
  27. (not-comparable) Using a manual or physical process, not by means of a software command.
    • a hard reboot or reset
  28. Far, extreme.
    • hard right, hard left
  29. (of silk) Not having had the natural gum boiled off.
  30. Of a market: having more demand than supply; being a seller's market.
    • Undercapitalized insurers cannot retain more catastrophe risks when the market is hard […] 2009, J. David Cummins, Olivier Mahul, Catastrophe Risk Financing in Developing Countries, page 7:
  31. Hardcore.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
hardest Degree=Sup lexicographic
most hard Degree=Sup lexicographic
more hard Degree=Cmp lexicographic
harder Degree=Cmp lexicographic

Antonyms

flaccid · moldable · bearable · trite · soft · easy · soft · yielding · straightforward · simple · flexible · easy · soft · tender · soft · low-alcohol · spongy · cushiony · soft · non-alcoholic · soft · alcohol-free · soft

Deriveds

play hard to get · hard lens · hardness · hard-fisted · hard times · hardtail · hard up · hardpacked · hard-assery · hard-easy effect · hardpack · forhard · hard-and-fast · hold yew hard · make someone hard to catch · hardworking · hard float · hard hit · hardnosed · hard-core · hard word · put the hard word on · hard-up · hard space · hard of hearing · the hard way · rad-hard · hard roe · hard seltzer · blow-hard · hard-arse · hardsome · hard by · hard-edge · hardpad · hard rain · hardback · harder daddy · stonehard · hard start · hardway · cold hard cash · hardshelled · hardel · hard-run · hardwired · hard to please · hard food · hard-ticket · hold hard · ultrahard · hard words · hardfern · no hard feelings · hard-heartedly · hard-edged · hard yards · hard stuff · hard-favored · hardbody · hard court · hardpoint · hard-land · hardometer · working hard or hardly working · hardscape · hardwear · nonhard · hardlooking · hard-set · hard-charging · hard candy · hardcoal · hard pull · hard case · an old dog for a hard road · hard time · hard feelings · hard-cured · go hard · hard reset · hard left · hard-handedly · hard R · hard loser · hardgrass · hard of thinking · hard-featured · hard ears · hard-nose · hard radiation · hard hat · give someone a hard time · hard-sectored · hard war · hard as brazil · hard landscaping · hard-boil · hard-tack · hard real-time · hard nose · hard fern · hardcourt · hard error · hard-sell · hard-wire · hardhearted · hard as the nether millstone · hard sauce · hard skill · overhard · hard as a rock · hardground · hard liquor · hard-assed · semihard · hard-line · hard nosed · hard as Chinese algebra · hard on the eyes · hard-on · hard-handed · hard news · hard class · hard-heartedness · hard at work · hard swap · hard deck · hardshell · hard landing · go hard with someone · hard man · hardheaded · hard pine · Queen's hard bargain · hard reboot · hard sell · hard vacuum · hard water · hard paywall · hard inquiry · hard multum · hard nut to crack · Nintendo hard · hit hard · hard fork · harddrive · hard-right · bone hard · hard-grained · hard-shell · hardbag · hard facts · hard cases make bad law · hard currency · have it hard · hard gainer · hardship · drive a hard bargain · hard measles · hard fault · hard mutation · hardpressed · hard-boiled · hard land · find out the hard way · hardlock · fall on hard times · semi-hard · hard-code · hardcore · hard of heart · hard vore · hard edge · hard neck · hard tack · hardliner · hard going · hardtop · hard worker · hard g · hard paste · hard launch · hard drive · have a hard time of it · hardhack · hard stop · over hard · hard-mouthed · too hard basket · hard-edge painting · hard sectoring · ridden hard and put away wet · hard labour · hardstep · hard pill to swallow · hard-luck · hardbacked · hard right · hardhanded · hardcover · hard head · hard Brexit · hard-bill · hardstyle · try-hard · hard tech · hard freeze · hard-counter · make hard work of · hardstone · hard money · hard X-ray · hard sign · hard jade · hard luxury · hard line · hard bop · hard-launch · hard pushed · hard knock · hard act to follow · hard redirect · hard to come by · hard soap · hard disc drive · hard put · hard work · hard-headed · hard white · hardflip · tryhard · hard-block · hardpaste · hardball · hard lemonade · hard-shell clam · hardwall · rode hard and put up wet · hard sledding · dumb hard · hard atheism · hard wired · hardline · hard science · stone-hard · hardspun · too-hard basket · hard luck · school of hard knocks · hardwood · hard maple · hard market · hard code · between a rock and a hard place · hard-favoured · hard and fast · hard core · hard disc · prehard · hard to swallow · hard cheese · hard target · hard clam · hardstuck · hard-pan · hardbeam · die-hard · hardon · hard-to-get · hard-hearted · hard drug · English terms starting with · hardbottom · hard coded · hardman · hardstand · hard-ass · hard handed · hard bread · hard shoulder · hard hand · hard wheat · hard row to hoe · hardface · do the hard yards · hard deletion · harden · hard ask · hard standing · have a hard time · hardsuit · hard swearing · hard count · hard rocker · hard of seeing · hard mode · hard-luck story · harder than Chinese math · hard as Chinese arithmetic · hard out · hardware · hard rubber · hard copy · hardscrabble · hard light · hard coal · hard as iron · hard-scrabble · hard steel · hit one hard · hard determinism · hardhead · hard truth · hard labor · rock hard · hard dough bread · NP-hard · hardbound · hard as nails · hard r · hard knocks · hard metal · hard link · hard cider · hard milkwood · hard atheist · hard pill · hard pass · microhard · hard disk · hardish · macrohard · hard determinist · go hard or go home · old habits die hard · hard goods · learn the hard way · hardpan · hard-left · hard kill · hard yakka · hard lines · leather-hard · hardboard · hard charger · hardsport · hardbake · bone-hard · hard grass · hard palate · hard-paste · hard science fiction · hard drop · hard rock · hard-nosed · hard disk drive · hard counter · hardly · hard power · hard-head · hard-driving · hard way · hard-float · hard-handedness · hardcovered · hard-liner · hard drink · hard tick · hardtack · hardcoat · hard matte · rock-hard · hardgoods · hard return · hard-brick · hard cash · hard nail

Descendants

hat · haarti · hard

Hyponyms

obstinate · indurate · unshakeable · stubborn · starched · vitreous

Relateds

hardy · hardpeer · hard as nails

Synonyms

rigid · unfriendly · inflexible · hostile · tough · unquestionable · solid · humorless · dour · unequivocal · marble-hearted · tough · granitic · effortful · lithic · cold-eyed · grim · stony · rigorous · stonehearted · cruel · arduous · insensate · firm · stout · difficult · sturdy · difficult · rockhearted · hardhanded · stiff · stonyhearted · tricky · stern · hardhearted · iron-hearted · unmoved · robust · frosty · indubitable · hardened · difficult · concrete · rocky · hard · challenging · flint-hearted · severe · sticky · solid · thistly · intolerable · strict · callous · hard · resistant · unbearable · resistant · strong · adamantine · stony · severe · uneath · brutal · hard-boiled · unyielding · forbidding · icy · unambiguous · unsympathetic · incontrovertible · tough · grim · heartless · harsh · rough · confusing · insensitive · strict · puzzling · thick-skinned · nasty · tough · hard · stony · harsh · unbending · unsimple · tough · cold · tough

Translations (456)

ug قاتتىق (resistant to pressure) · txb waimene (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fr dur (resistant to pressure) · bg тежък (severe) · fa مشکل (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi ankara (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · te కఠిన (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · pt duro (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · pdt hoat (resistant to pressure) · de schwierig (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi rankka (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ro dur (severe) · eo severa (severe) · es costar (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ka ძლიერი (of drink: strong) · mk тежок (severe) · it difficile (severe) · ro greu (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · cs krušný (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ga crua (resistant to pressure) · vi khó (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · yi האַרב (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ang heard (resistant to pressure) · ps کلک (resistant to pressure) · hy կարծր (resistant to pressure) · sah кытаанах (resistant to pressure) · chr ᏍᏓᏯ (resistant to pressure) · de hart (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · it arduo (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · cs tvrdý (resistant to pressure) · mba madusan (resistant to pressure) · pl ciężki (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · is harður (resistant to pressure) · ky оор (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · cmn(resistant to pressure) · vi mạnh (of drink: strong) · th ยาก (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ba ауыр (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · hu nehéz (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · li helle (resistant to pressure) · fi hankala (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fa مقاوم (resistant to pressure) · ar صَعْب (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · tt каты (resistant to pressure) · ro dur (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ro tare (of drink: strong) · tk gaty (resistant to pressure) · hi कठोर (resistant to pressure) · ilo narigat (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sh tvrd (resistant to pressure) · pap duru (resistant to pressure) · ia sever (severe) · tr kıyın (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · tg мушкил (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ru тяжёлый (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sv obestridlig (unquestionable) · nl straf (of drink: strong) · tl matindi (severe) · ia dur (resistant to pressure) · lv ciets (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · nl moeilijk (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sv besvärlig (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · bg тежък (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · id susah (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · bg усилен (severe) · grc ἐργώδης (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fa صعب (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · lt sunkus (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · es difícil (severe) · nb vanskelig (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ka მყარი (resistant to pressure) · swb -dziro (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · az sərt (resistant to pressure) · ur کڑا (resistant to pressure) · fi ankara (severe) · alt кату (resistant to pressure) · sv hård (resistant to pressure) · cy caled (resistant to pressure) · io harda (resistant to pressure) · uk складни́й (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ky катуу (resistant to pressure) · sw -gumu (resistant to pressure) · nv nantłʼah (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sw -gumu (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · scn duru (resistant to pressure) · ibg nategga (resistant to pressure) · vi khó (severe) · cy anodd (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ca dur (resistant to pressure) · pl surowy (severe) · bg твърд (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · crg duur (resistant to pressure) · mk тврд (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · wa målåjhey (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · th แข็ง (resistant to pressure) · fa سخت (resistant to pressure) · lmo dur (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · tl matapang (of drink: strong) · hi पायदार (resistant to pressure) · de hart (severe) · lv ciets (resistant to pressure) · sw -gumu (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · uk тверди́й (resistant to pressure) · hy ծանր (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · hi सख़्त (resistant to pressure) · cy caled (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · li helle (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · et kõva (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · da hård (resistant to pressure) · cmn 困難 /困难 (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · lv grūts (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi kova (resistant to pressure) · tl malala (severe) · vi khó khăn (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fur dûr (resistant to pressure) · gd duilich (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · mk тежок (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ps ګران (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · wa deur (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sh тврд (resistant to pressure) · ga doiligh (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · de schwierig (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ht di (resistant to pressure) · es duro (resistant to pressure) · egy q-qs-n:nDs (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · vi rắn (resistant to pressure) · km កំព្រឹស (resistant to pressure) · de hart (resistant to pressure) · ar صَعْب (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · yi האַרט (resistant to pressure) · de fest (resistant to pressure) · ru жёсткий (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ota دشوار (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ja 濃い (of drink: strong) · id sulit (severe) · ist doûro (resistant to pressure) · vi khó tính (severe) · fi vahva (unquestionable) · mk тежок (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · id sulit (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fr dur (severe) · ro sever (severe) · ps ګران (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · pt árduo (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · cy caled (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · it dura (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · nl sterk (of drink: strong) · th ยาก (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · vec duro (resistant to pressure) · ru тяжёлый (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · hy դժվար (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · sq fortë (resistant to pressure) · de hart (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · rm dür (resistant to pressure) · rue твердый (resistant to pressure) · grc χαλεπός (severe) · ajp صعب (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · grc σκληρός (resistant to pressure) · th กระด้าง (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · crg jeur (resistant to pressure) · hi दूभर (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ga doiligh (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · id keras (resistant to pressure) · yue 艱難 /艰难 (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · oc dur (resistant to pressure) · fo torførur (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sv stark (of drink: strong) · ilo natangken (resistant to pressure) · cs těžký (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · tr zor (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi väkevä (of drink: strong) · pt difícil (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · te కఠిన (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · id sukar (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pt duro (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · cs obtížný (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · mn хатуугийн (resistant to pressure) · it indiscutibile (unquestionable) · tg сахт (resistant to pressure) · hi कड़ा (resistant to pressure) · hi गंभीर (severe) · ia forte (of drink: strong) · pam masias (resistant to pressure) · eo nerefutebla (unquestionable) · ka მაგარი (resistant to pressure) · gd garg (severe) · tet toos (resistant to pressure) · id sukar (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · kk берік (resistant to pressure) · lmo dur (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ia difficile (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fi kova (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ba ҡыйын (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · it duro (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pt forte (of drink: strong) · nl zwaar (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · eo forta (of drink: strong) · ro dur (resistant to pressure) · cv хытӑ (resistant to pressure) · eo malmola (resistant to pressure) · hi सख्त (resistant to pressure) · vec dur (resistant to pressure) · ko 단단하다 (resistant to pressure) · cmn 艱難 /艰难 (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · cs tvrdý (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · hi कठिन (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · pt difícil (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · gd cruaidh (resistant to pressure) · oc dificil (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · et ränk (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ca difícil (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · my မာ (resistant to pressure) · de schwer (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · et kõva (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · uz qattiq (resistant to pressure) · pl trudny (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · th ลำบาก (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ta கடினம் (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · got 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · nl onweerlegbaar (unquestionable) · grc χαλεπός (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ca dura (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · kmr req (resistant to pressure) · lt kietas (resistant to pressure) · el δύσκολος (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · wa deure (resistant to pressure) · sm malō (resistant to pressure) · tpw atã class IIa (resistant to pressure) · mk напорен (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · bcl matagas (resistant to pressure) · no hard (resistant to pressure) · tr çetin (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · lv smags (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pt duro (resistant to pressure) · qu rumi (resistant to pressure) · nl kalkrijk (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · mn ᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᡍᠣ (resistant to pressure) · ary قاصح (resistant to pressure) · eo malfacila (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · evn маңа (resistant to pressure) · hi कठिन (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · hy պինդ (resistant to pressure) · et kõva (resistant to pressure) · ru твёрдый (resistant to pressure) · it duro (resistant to pressure) · yue 難 /难 (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · io desfacila (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sk tvrdý (resistant to pressure) · ro greu (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · uk важки́й (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · to faingataʻa (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · it forte (of drink: strong) · mi papamārō (resistant to pressure) · fr dure (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · nl moeilijk (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · sm faigatā (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fa صلب (resistant to pressure) · chr ᎠᏍᏓᏯ (resistant to pressure) · ru тру́дный (severe) · bg твърд (resistant to pressure) · es duro (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · hi मुश्किल (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fr dur (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · tet susar (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ht difisil (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · sl tŕd (resistant to pressure) · pdt schwoa (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ko 딱딱하다 (resistant to pressure) · es fuerte (of drink: strong) · nl hard (severe) · sv svår (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fi kiinteä (resistant to pressure) · fo ringur (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pt difícil (severe) · lt sunki (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · yi שווער (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ru тяжёлый (severe) · lt kieta (resistant to pressure) · mk тврд (resistant to pressure) · ur کٹھور (resistant to pressure) · fa پایدار (resistant to pressure) · es duro (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · et kõva (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · fr difficile (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · kw kales (resistant to pressure) · nl hard (resistant to pressure) · sv sträng (severe) · te కఠోర (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · acw صلب (resistant to pressure) · ia dur (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · de herausfordernd (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi vahva (of drink: strong) · lt griežtas (severe) · id susah (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · es tranca (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · dsb twardy (resistant to pressure) · sv hård (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fa سفت (resistant to pressure) · mk цврст (resistant to pressure) · jv atos (resistant to pressure) · ar لَا يُدْحَضُ (unquestionable) · ast duru (resistant to pressure) · bg труден (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · id keras (severe) · lv stiprs (of drink: strong) · fi tuju (of drink: strong) · got 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (resistant to pressure) · da vanskelig (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ceb lisod (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · km យ៉ាប់ (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ccc yeewa (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fi vaikea (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pt inquestionável (unquestionable) · fi kova (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fa دشوار (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · it severo (severe) · mhr виян (of drink: strong) · gd cruaidh (severe) · sv svår (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ru про́чный (resistant to pressure) · ckb قایم (resistant to pressure) · uk міцни́й (of drink: strong) · ro vârtos (severe) · nl hard (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · vi khốn khó (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ba ҡаты (resistant to pressure) · sw -gumu (severe) · fi tiukka (of drink: strong) · gd doirbh (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ar صُلْب (resistant to pressure) · ja 難しい (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · nl zwaar (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · hu kemény (resistant to pressure) · fa سخت (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pl twarda (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ccc chmawa (resistant to pressure) · tr sert (resistant to pressure) · bg силен (of drink: strong) · ja 困難な (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · la difficilis (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · mt iebes (resistant to pressure) · lmo dur (resistant to pressure) · ru кре́пкий (resistant to pressure) · mk жесток (of drink: strong) · ps زيږ (severe) · ab акьакьа (resistant to pressure) · ca complicat (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ba ҡыйын (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · cho pʋlʋmmi (severe) · vi cứng (resistant to pressure) · fr irréfutable (unquestionable) · tr sert (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · lo ແຂງ (resistant to pressure) · he קָשִׁיחַ (resistant to pressure) · ia inquestionabile (unquestionable) · ban katos (resistant to pressure) · vi khó khăn (severe) · hy անտանելի (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ary وَاعْر (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ur سخت (resistant to pressure) · fr fort (of drink: strong) · be цвёрды (resistant to pressure) · an duro (resistant to pressure) · ms keras (resistant to pressure) · ja 硬い (resistant to pressure) · bho कड़ा (resistant to pressure) · es palote (sexually aroused; having an erect penis) · hy դժվար (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · de fix (unquestionable) · es difícil (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · rm deir (resistant to pressure) · it intenso (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · tpw abaíb (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · km ក្រចើល (resistant to pressure) · mnc ᠮᠠᠩᡤᠠ (resistant to pressure) · tsg matugas (resistant to pressure) · pt severo (severe) · lt rūstus (severe) · ru неопровержимый (unquestionable) · zdj -dziro (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ttt səxt (resistant to pressure) · is erfiður (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · nl hard (unquestionable) · sv hård (severe) · tl malupit (severe) · ru тру́дный (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · rm dir (resistant to pressure) · pl niepodważalny (unquestionable) · th แรง (of drink: strong) · cmn 難 /难 (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · de schwer (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · bg труден (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ru кре́пкий (of drink: strong) · pl mocny (of drink: strong) · ca dur (severe) · ko 어렵다 (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · tl mahirap (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · eu gogor (resistant to pressure) · wa deur (resistant to pressure) · fi luja (resistant to pressure) · eo severa (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · ceb gahi (resistant to pressure) · uk важки́й (severe) · ru тру́дный (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fi kova (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · fa قوی (of drink: strong) · tl matigas (resistant to pressure) · hi सख्त (severe) · uk жорстки́й (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · ur کٹھن (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · li helle (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · fr dur (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · et tahke (resistant to pressure) · gd borb (severe) · de stark (of drink: strong) · fo strævin (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · pl twardy (resistant to pressure) · hi सख़्त (severe) · id sulit (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · cs tvrdý (of drink: strong) · acw صعب (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ps سخت (severe) · grc χαλεπός (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · bn শক্ত (resistant to pressure) · es duro (severe) · alt уур (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · te కఠోర (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · sc duru (resistant to pressure) · kk қатты (resistant to pressure) · ur مشکل (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · lmo dur (severe) · la dūrus (resistant to pressure) · it difficile (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · txb āmāskai (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · gl duro (resistant to pressure) · te గట్టి (resistant to pressure) · grc ἐργώδης (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · mbb mezesen (resistant to pressure) · ms susah (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · kix tsūtshì (resistant to pressure) · ak den (resistant to pressure) · ro tare (resistant to pressure) · hi कठिन (of water, high in dissolved calcium compounds) · chr ᏍᏓᏯ (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · xsb matiboy (resistant to pressure) · hy բարդ (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · eve маӈ (resistant to pressure) · hi कठोर (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · mi tuapaka (resistant to pressure) · mi tūmārō (resistant to pressure) · dlm doir (resistant to pressure) · pt rigoroso (demanding a lot of effort to endure) · es incuestionable (unquestionable) · acw قاسي (resistant to pressure) · ang earfoþe (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand) · ia difficile (requiring a lot of effort to do or understand)

hard en · ADV · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /hɑɹd/ (General-American)
  • härd (General-American)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • häd (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • /hɑːd/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognates Cognate with Yola hard (“hard”), West Frisian hurd (“hard”), Alemannic German hert (“hard”), Bavarian hoat (“hard”), Central Franconian haat (“hard”), Dutch hard (“hard”), German hart (“hard”), Luxembourgish haart (“hard”), Danish and Swedish hård (“hard”), Faroese and Icelandic harður (“hard”), Norwegian Bokmål hard (“hard”), Norwegian Nynorsk hard, hard’u (“hard”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus, “hard”), Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu, “power, might, ability”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

Meanings

  1. With much force or effort.
    • The couple were fucking each other hard.
    • Be nought diſmayd that her vnmoued mind, / doth ſtill perſiſt in her rebellious pride: / ſuch loue not lyke to luſts of baſer kynd, / the harder vvonne, the firmer vvill abide. 1595, Edmunde Spenser [i.e., Edmund Spenser], “[Amoretti.] Sonnet VI”, in Amoretti and Epithalamion. […], London: […] [Peter Short] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, signature A4, verso:
    • He hit the puck hard up the ice.
    • What, then, of the voluntarist's sense that one often has to think long and hard before making agonizing choices? 1985, Michael A. Arbib, In search of the person: philosophical explorations in cognitive science, page 119:
    • The recession hit them especially hard.
    • prayed so hard for mercy from the prince 1700, [John] Dryden, “The Wife of Bath's Tale”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
    • I played hard, I drank hard, I rode hard, and did everything much on the same pattern. 1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 164:
    • Think hard about your choices.
    • They worked hard all week.
    • […] My father / Is hard at study. Pray now, rest yourself; […] 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
  2. With difficulty.
    • His degree was hard earned.
  3. (obsolete) So as to raise difficulties.
    • The question is hard set. 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:
  4. Compactly.
    • The lake had finally frozen hard.
  5. (archaic) Near, close.
    • It was another long day's march before they glimpsed the towers of Harrenhal in the distance, hard beside the blue waters of the lake. 1999, George R.R. Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam, published 2011, page 418:
    • The King your brother is now hard at hand, / Meete with the foole, and rid your royall ſhoulders / Of ſuch a burden, as outweighs the ſands / And all the craggie rockes of Caſpea. c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene iii:
    • At the intersection, bear hard left.
    • […]whose house joined hard to the synagogue. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 18:7:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
harder Degree=Cmp lexicographic
hardest Degree=Sup lexicographic

Deriveds

hard-bitten · hard-gained · hard-pushed · hard on one's heels · hard by · hard done by · hard-driven · hard-baked · cry harder · run hard · hard on the heels · hard-hitting · ride hard · hard-gotten · hard aport · go hard with · hard-got · hard-coded · hard-contested · go hard in the paint · hard drinker · hard-hit · hard-working · blowhard · hard-drawn · hard-drinking · ride someone hard and put them away wet · die hard · hard-wired · hard-pressed · hard at it · hardover · hard-earned · hard-bound · hard on · ride hard and put away wet · go hard on · hard-won · hard-reset · hard upon · hard-wearing · hard astarboard · hard-fought

Translations (20)

ru си́льно (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fr durement (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fr dur (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · ja 熱心に (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · cmn 認真 /认真 (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · bg трудно (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi rajusti (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi kovaa (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi lujaa (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · tr sert (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · pl ciężko (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · tr sıkı (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · eo vigle (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · it sodo (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi lujasti (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · pt bem (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi kovasti (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi ankarasti (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · fi tiukasti (with much force or effort (related to act of think)) · cmn 努力 (with much force or effort (related to act of think))

hard en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /hɑɹd/ (General-American)
  • härd (General-American)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • häd (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • /hɑːd/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English hard, from Old English heard, from Proto-West Germanic *hard(ī), from Proto-Germanic *harduz, from Proto-Indo-European *kort-ús, from *kret- (“strong, powerful”). Cognates Cognate with Yola hard (“hard”), West Frisian hurd (“hard”), Alemannic German hert (“hard”), Bavarian hoat (“hard”), Central Franconian haat (“hard”), Dutch hard (“hard”), German hart (“hard”), Luxembourgish haart (“hard”), Danish and Swedish hård (“hard”), Faroese and Icelandic harður (“hard”), Norwegian Bokmål hard (“hard”), Norwegian Nynorsk hard, hard’u (“hard”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (hardus, “hard”), Ancient Greek κρατύς (kratús, “strong, mighty”), Sanskrit क्रतु (krátu, “power, might, ability”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (xratu).

Meanings

  1. (countable) A firm or paved beach or slope convenient for hauling vessels out of the water.
    • He brought the dinghy up to the careening hard. Two or three boats lay on their sides on the sloping roadway, but there was no sign of life. 1967, John Christopher, The White Mountains:
    • The Monastery's ironworks at Sowley were renowned for centuries but declined with the passing of the 'wooden walls' at Buckler's Hard — a great number of these ships having been built with timber from the Beaulieu Woods […] 1952, Edward John Barrington Douglas-Scott-Montagu Baron Montagu, Beaulieu, the Abbey, Palace House, and Buckler's Hard, page 36:
  2. (countable) A tyre whose compound is softer than superhards, and harder than mediums.
  3. (slang, uncountable) Crack cocaine.
  4. (slang, uncountable) Hard labor.
    • The prisoners were sentenced to three years' hard.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
hards Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

Bucklers Hard

hard en · VERB · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /hɑɹd/ (General-American)
  • härd (General-American)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • häd (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • /hɑːd/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English harden, herden, from Old English heardian (“to become hard”) and hierdan (“to make hard”), from Proto-West Germanic *hardēn and *hardijan, from Proto-Germanic *hardijaną. Cognates Cognate with Dutch harden (“to harden”), German härten (“to harden”), Danish hærde (“to harden; to temper”), Icelandic herða (“to harden”), Norwegian Bokmål herde (“to harden; to toughen”), Norwegian Nynorsk herda (“to make hard, temper; harden”), Swedish härda (“harden, temper”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gahardjan), *𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*hardjan, “to harden”).

Meanings

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To make hard, harden.
    • He knows vain men: he sees their harts that hard them In Guiles and Wiles, and will not hee regard them? 1641, original 1618, Guillaume de Saluste Du Bartas, Josuah Sylvester, Du Bartas His Diuine Weekes and Workes:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
hards Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
harding Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
harded Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
harded Tense=Past lexicographic