Dictionary

stout en · ADJ · etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /stʌʊt/ (Canada)
• /staʊt/

Etymology

From Middle English stoute, from Old French estout (“brave, fierce, proud”) (Modern French dialectal stout (“proud”)), from earlier Old French estolt (“strong”), from Frankish *stolt, *stult (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Germanic *stultaz (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, stand”). Cognate with Dutch stout (“stout, bold, naughty”), Low German stolt (“stately, proud”), German stolz (“proud, haughty, arrogant, stately”), Old Norse stoltr (“proud”) (Danish stolt (“proud”), Icelandic stoltur (“proud”)). Meaning "strong in body, powerfully built" was first attested in c. 1386, but has been to a large extent displaced by the euphemistic meaning "thick-bodied, fat and large," which is first recorded 1804. Original sense preserved in stout-hearted (1552). The noun "strong, dark-brown beer" is first recorded 1677, from the adjective.

Meanings

1. (of a person) Large; bulky.
   • Yossarian walked out of the office and down the stairs into the dark, tomblike street, passing in the hall the stout woman with warts and two chins, who was already on her way back in. 1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, “The Eternal City”, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC, page 427:
2. (obsolete) Bold, strong-minded.
   • The lords all stand / To clear their cause, most resolutely stout. 1609, Samuel Daniel, The Civile Wares:
   • He quickly lost the character of a bold, stout, magnanimous man. 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, (please specify |book=I to XVI), in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater:
   • Art thou but Captaine of a thouſand horſe, That by Characters grauen in thy browes, And by thy martiall face and ſtout aſpect, Deſeru’ſt to haue the leading of an hoſte? c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
   • a stouter champion never handled sword. 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:
3. (obsolete) Proud; haughty.
   • Your words have been stout against me. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Malachi 3:13:
   • Commonly […] they that be rich are lofty and stout. 1552, Hugh Latimer, The Fifth Sermon Preached on the Twenty-Fourth Sunday After Trinity, 1552:
4. Firm; resolute; dauntless.
   • "Thin the masther called out Dinny Moran, an' dhragged him up to one o' the Dublin young ladies, an' bid Dinny be stout an' ax her out to dance wid him." 1850, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, London: H.G. Bohn, page 517:
   • he had reason to be extremely grateful to Sterling, his Manchester City teammate, who won and converted the penalty that appeared to have broken Iceland’s stout resistance. 2020 September 5, David Hytner, “Raheem Sterling keeps his cool to see off Iceland amid blaze of late drama”, in The Guardian:
   • So, Andover featured in the Glorious Revolution, which involved the deposition of Catholic fraterniser James II and his replacement by stout Protestants William and Mary. 2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 58:
5. Materially strong, enduring.
   • Campers prefer stout vessels, sticks and cloth.
   • […] Pipes, who acted as the enemy's forlorn hope, advanced to the gate with great intrepidity, and clapping his foot to the door, which was none of the ſtouteſt, with the execution and diſpatch of a petard, ſplit it into a thouſand pieces. 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, “He is Concerned in a Dangerous Adventure with a Certain Gardener; […]”, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume I, London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC, page 134:
   • Nothing could be more business-like than the construction of the stout dams, and nothing more gently rural than the limpid lakes, with the grand old forest trees marshalled round their margins … . 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
6. Obstinate.
7. (Ireland) drunk.
   • Yit sum people used to wink an' luk knowin' whin Failey was gostherin', fur it was obsarved that he was mighty shy o' crassin' the foord o' Ahnamoe afther nightfall; an' that whin onst he was ridin' past the ould church o' Tipper in the dark, tho' he'd got enough o' pottheen into him to make any man stout, he med the horse trot so that there was no keepin' up wid him, an' iv'ry now an' thin he'd throw a sharp luk-out ovir his lift shouldher. 1850, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, London: H.G. Bohn, page 376:

Forms

Deriveds

stouten · stoutly · stouthearted · stoutness · unstout · stout-legged moa · stoutish · overstout · midstout

Synonyms

robust · haughty · hard · thickset · arrogant · vigorous · fat · lusty · corpulent · muscular · sinewy

Translations (97)

mk и́здржлив (materially strong) · fi pönäkkä (large, bulky, corpulent) · de kraftvoll (lusty, vigorous) · it robusto (materially strong) · mi tetere (large, bulky, corpulent) · el μονοκόμματος (large, bulky, corpulent) · it resistente (materially strong) · fi jämäkkä (lusty, vigorous) · mk тра́ен (materially strong) · ota یوغون (large, bulky, corpulent) · bg твърд (firm, resolute) · ga téagartha (large, bulky, corpulent) · mk тврд (firm, resolute) · la crassus (large, bulky, corpulent) · ru то́лстый (large, bulky, corpulent) · cs neústupný (firm, resolute) · mk полн (large, bulky, corpulent) · bg як (lusty, vigorous) · mk кру́пен (large, bulky, corpulent) · de resolut (firm, resolute) · mk цврст (lusty, vigorous) · bg упорит (firm, resolute) · bg пълен (large, bulky, corpulent) · bg здрав (lusty, vigorous) · bg издръжлив (materially strong) · ga alpartha (large, bulky, corpulent) · mk јак (lusty, vigorous) · de robust (materially strong) · fi tanakka (materially strong) · pt robusto (lusty, vigorous) · de stabil (materially strong) · ru кру́пный (large, bulky, corpulent) · mk го́рделив (proud, haughty) · ru здоро́вый (lusty, vigorous) · mk здрав (lusty, vigorous) · fi tanakka (large, bulky, corpulent) · it robusto (lusty, vigorous) · it orgoglioso (proud, haughty) · fi kopea (proud, haughty) · cs tvrdý (firm, resolute) · sq trim (lusty, vigorous) · de groß (large, bulky, corpulent) · cs silný (large, bulky, corpulent) · nl robuust (materially strong) · fi tukeva (materially strong) · it risoluto (firm, resolute) · mi pukunati (large, bulky, corpulent) · it robusto (large, bulky, corpulent) · pl tęgi (large, bulky, corpulent) · ota ایری (large, bulky, corpulent) · pt resistente (materially strong) · ru кре́пкий (materially strong) · fi jämerä (materially strong) · de korpulent (large, bulky, corpulent) · aln patut (lusty, vigorous) · sq krenari (proud, haughty) · mi manawanui (firm, resolute) · mk цврст (firm, resolute) · it fermo (firm, resolute) · cs rozhodný (firm, resolute) · mi pūngerungeru (large, bulky, corpulent) · de hochmütig (proud, haughty) · fi ylimielinen (proud, haughty) · fi luja (firm, resolute) · de kräftig (lusty, vigorous) · it vigoroso (lusty, vigorous) · bg горделив (proud, haughty) · fi lihaksikas (lusty, vigorous) · fi järeä (materially strong) · aln thort (materially strong) · de fest (materially strong) · es altivo (proud, haughty) · fi päättäväinen (firm, resolute) · sq vendosur (firm, resolute) · ru го́рдый (proud, haughty) · ru кре́пкий (lusty, vigorous) · mi whakahara (large, bulky, corpulent) · fi koppava (proud, haughty) · de überheblich (proud, haughty) · ga téagartha (materially strong) · it corpulento (large, bulky, corpulent) · pt corpulento (large, bulky, corpulent) · fi vanttera (lusty, vigorous) · ru кре́пкий (firm, resolute) · es fornido (lusty, vigorous) · pt vigoroso (lusty, vigorous) · cs tlustý (large, bulky, corpulent) · fi kestävä (materially strong) · de stolz (proud, haughty) · sq ngjeshur (materially strong) · ru про́чный (firm, resolute) · bg едър (large, bulky, corpulent) · es fornido (large, bulky, corpulent) · mi takapū (large, bulky, corpulent) · bg траен (materially strong) · de fest (firm, resolute) · pdt forsch (large, bulky, corpulent)

stout en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /stʌʊt/ (Canada)
• /staʊt/

Etymology

From Middle English stoute, from Old French estout (“brave, fierce, proud”) (Modern French dialectal stout (“proud”)), from earlier Old French estolt (“strong”), from Frankish *stolt, *stult (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Germanic *stultaz (“bold, proud”), from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, stand”). Cognate with Dutch stout (“stout, bold, naughty”), Low German stolt (“stately, proud”), German stolz (“proud, haughty, arrogant, stately”), Old Norse stoltr (“proud”) (Danish stolt (“proud”), Icelandic stoltur (“proud”)). Meaning "strong in body, powerfully built" was first attested in c. 1386, but has been to a large extent displaced by the euphemistic meaning "thick-bodied, fat and large," which is first recorded 1804. Original sense preserved in stout-hearted (1552). The noun "strong, dark-brown beer" is first recorded 1677, from the adjective.

Meanings

1. A dark and strong malt brew made with toasted grain.
   • To be precise, he had an immense plate of steak and oysters, and a bottle of stout. 1913, Norman Lindsay, A Curate in Bohemia, Sydney: N.S.W. Bookstall Co., published 1932, page 155:
   • Stout is darker, stronger and sweeter than porter beer.
2. A serving of this beer.
3. An obese person.
   • Incidentally the survey pointed up the sad plight of the stylish stouts, today's “forgotten men.” The clothing situation is getting so critical for them that they may have to choose between eating and dressing. 1946, Printers' Ink:
4. A large clothing size.
   • 1918, Isidor Rosenfeld, The Practical Designer for Women's and Misses' Underwear - The Study of the Stout Form The all-around waist is increased or over-built, according to size, which makes this form a stout.

Forms

Coordinates

porter

Deriveds

white stout · double stout · milk stout · breakfast stout · pastry stout · invalid stout · Imperial stout · stouty

Translations (16)

mk ја́ко те́мно пи́во (brew) · nl vetzak (obese person) · fr stout (brew) · hu malátasör (brew) · nl dikzak (obese person) · cy cwrw du (brew) · nl dikkerd (obese person) · ga leann dubh (brew) · fi stout (brew) · fi punkero (obese person) · fo stout (brew) · mk де́белко (obese person) · nl grotemaat (kleding) (large clothing size) · nl stoutbier (brew) · bg дебелак (obese person) · nl stout (brew)

stout en · VERB · etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /stʌʊt/ (Canada)
• /staʊt/

Etymology

From Middle English stouten, from the adjective (see above).

Meanings

1. (archaic, intransitive) To be bold or defiant.
2. (dialectal, transitive) To persist, endure.

Forms

Synonyms

thole · brook

stout en · NOUN · etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /stʌʊt/ (Canada)
• /staʊt/

Etymology

From Middle English stout, from Old English stūt (“gnat; midge”).

Meanings

1. Gnat.
2. Gadfly.
3. (dialectal) Firefly or miller (moth).

Forms

Deriveds

stoat-fly

Synonyms

horsefly · midge