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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

contaminate en · VERB · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /kənˈtæmɪnæɪt/ (Australia)
  • /kənˈtɛmənæɪt/ (New-Zealand)
  • /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ (Canada, General-American)
  • /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • [kənˈtɛəm.ɪ.neɪt] (Canada, General-American) /æ/ raising
  • (New-Jersey) audio
  • (California) audio

Etymology

First attested in the early 15ᵗʰ century, in Middle English; from Middle English contaminaten (“to defile; to infect with desease”), from contaminat(e) (“sullied, defiled; infected with desease”, also used as the past participle of contaminaten) + -en (verb-forming suffix), from Latin contāminātus, the perfect passive participle of contāminō (“to touch together, blend, mingle, corrupt, defile”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), which see for further informations. More at taste, tax, and taxi.

Meanings

  1. (transitive) To make something dangerous or toxic by introducing impurities or foreign matter.
    • Bombs and munitions meanwhile contain toxic substances that contaminate soil, water, and vegetation. 2025 November 20, Simmone Shah, “Ukraine to Claim $44bn in Climate Damages From Russia. Why War Is So Bad For Emissions”, in TIME, archived from the original on 08 Dec 2025:
    • This water is contaminated. It isn't safe to drink.
  2. (transitive) To soil, stain, corrupt, or infect by contact or association.
    • Shall we now Contaminate our figures with base bribes? 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
    • I would neither have simplicity imposed upon, nor virtue contaminated. 1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC:
    • [Martin] Heidegger's repellent political beliefs do not contaminate his philosophical work. 2014 April 12, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R11:
  3. (transitive) To make unfit for use by the introduction of unwholesome or undesirable elements.
    • Do not contaminate the peanut butter with the jelly.
  4. (transitive) To infect, usually of a deadly virus.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
contaminates Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
contaminating Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
contaminated Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
contaminated Tense=Past lexicographic

Deriveds

recontaminate · uncontaminate · noncontaminating · biocontaminate · cross-contaminate · contaminator · decontaminate

Relateds

contamination · contaminable · contaminative

Synonyms

clat · uggle · ruin · bedirty · bedizen · befilth · dirten · immoralize · inquinate · foil · spoil · warp · ball up · lead astray · vitiate · beclart · slur · beray · screw up · tamper · ruin · mar · botch · stain · sully · sowl · foul · besmirch · smutch · blacken · adulterate · sophisticate · slotter · defile · deprave · befile · befoul · taint · seduce · scunge · mess up · corrupt · spot · smirch · turn upside down · leper · bedaub · darken · bewray · smudge · smear · dirty · defile · blur · corrupt · preposterate · suborn · undo · disease · pervert · fuck up · mar · vitiate · blot · foil · poison · assoil · crab · disrupt · jack up · soil · contaminate · beshit · pollute · subvert · blight · disturb · unmoralize · soss · stain · sour · besmear · gunk · put a crimp in · demoralize · debauch · imbrue (especially with blood) · sullow · gunk up · bumble · file · smut · elt · contaminate · mess up · bugger up · bungle · mommick · queer · soil · pollute · upset · tarnish · sully · mishandle · upset the applecart · pollute · sling mud · detort · file · begrime · besully · pollute

Translations (35)

ca contaminar (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · mi whakaparu (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · pl skazić (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · nb kontaminere (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · bg извършвам зловредно вмешателство (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · ru загрязни́ть (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · de verseuchen (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · chr ᎧᏁᏌᏢᏍᎦ (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · cs znečistit (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · pt contaminar (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · ru загрязня́ть (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · mi whakananu (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · da forurene (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · la contāminō (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · grc μιαίνω (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · fr salir (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · lt užteršti (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · fi saastuttaa (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · mi tāhawahawa (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · de verunreinigen (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · de kontaminieren (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · cs kontaminovat (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · gd truaill (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · fi pilata (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · it contaminare (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · ga truailligh (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · gl contaminar (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · pl zatruwać (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · grc μολύνω (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · tr kirletmek (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · fr contaminer (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · bg замърсявам (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · eo kontaĝi (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · da kontaminere (To introduce impurities or foreign matter) · sv kontaminera (To introduce impurities or foreign matter)

wikipedia: Middle English

contaminate en · ADJ · etymology 2

Etymology

First attested in the early 15ᵗʰ century, in Middle English; from Middle English contaminat(e) (“sullied, defiled; infected with desease”, also used as the past participle of contaminaten), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and Etymology 1 for more. Participial usage up until Early Modern English.

Meanings

  1. (obsolete, used as a participle) Contaminated.
    • And that this body conſecrate to thee, By Ruffian Luſt ſhould be contaminate! c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 89, column 1:
  2. (figuratively, obsolete) Dirty, sinful, wicked, gross, etc.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
most contaminate Degree=Sup lexicographic
more contaminate Degree=Cmp lexicographic

wikipedia: Early Modern English · wikipedia: Middle English