Dictionary

summer en · ADJ

Meanings

1. (no-gloss) [no gloss]

Antonyms

winter

Holonyms

year

Hypernyms

season

Hyponyms

nuclear summer

Meronyms

hot · sunshine · heatwave · summer solstice · drought · midsummer moon · midsummer · summer's day · heat

Synonyms

summertide · summer · summertime · Summer

summer en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /ˈsʌmɚ/ (General-American)
• /ˈsʌmə/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmə] (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmɚ] ~ [ˈsʌmɹ̩] (General-American)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ór-o-der. Proto-Germanic *sumaraz Proto-West Germanic *sumar Old English sumor Middle English somer English summer From Middle English somer, sumer, from Old English sumor m, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar m, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz m, derived from Proto-Indo-European *semh₂- (“summer”). Cognates Cognate with Scots somer, sumer, simer, West Frisian simmer, Saterland Frisian Suumer, Dutch zomer, Low German Sommer, German Sommer, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål sommer, Swedish sommar, Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic sumar; Welsh haf, Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”), Sanskrit समा (sámā, “a half-year, season, weather, year”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham-), Middle Persian ḥʾmyn (hāmīn), Northern Kurdish havîn, Central Kurdish ھاوین (hawîn).

Meanings

1. (countable, uncountable) One of four seasons, traditionally the second, marked by the longest and typically hottest days of the year due to the inclination of the Earth and thermal lag. Typically regarded as spanning either the period between the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox, or the months of June, July, and August in the Northern Hemisphere and the months of December, January and February in the Southern Hemisphere.
   • A chap named Eleazir Kendrick and I had chummed in together the summer afore and built a fish-weir and shanty at Setuckit Point, down Orham way. For a spell we done pretty well. 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
   • Gradually, the end of summer hove into sight.
   • I'm going to the Gambia in the summer.
   • A waiter brought his aperitif, which was a small scotch and soda, and as he sipped it gratefully he sighed. ¶ ‘Civilized,’ he said to Mr. Campion. ‘Humanizing.’[…]‘Cigars and summer days and women in big hats with swansdown face-powder, that's what it reminds me of.’ 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 5, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
   • the heat of summer
   • At twilight in the summer there is never anybody to fear—man, woman, or cat—in the chambers and at that hour the mice come out. They do not eat parchment or foolscap or red tape, but they eat the luncheon crumbs. 1892, Walter Besant, chapter II, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:
2. (countable, humorous, poetic, uncountable) year; used to give the age of a person, usually a young one.
   • He was barely eighteen summers old.
   • She had seen not more than twenty summers.
3. (countable, figuratively, uncountable) Most flourishing, happy, or beautiful period; golden age, prime.
   • Here we are in our summer years / Livin' on ice cream and chocolate kisses / Would the leaves fall from the trees / If I was your old man and you was my missus 1986, Billy Bragg, “Greetings to the New Brunette”, in Talking with the Taxman About Poetry, track 1:
   • O! craving heart, for the lost flowers And sunshine of my summer hours! 1829, Edgar Allan Poe, “Tamerlane”, in Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems:
4. (countable) Someone with light, pinkish skin that has a blue undertone, light hair and eyes, seen as best suited to certain colors of clothing.

Forms

Antonyms

winter

Coordinates

spring · fall · autumn

Deriveds

summer break (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-broach (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer floor (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer holidays (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Garden (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's tide (terms derived from the noun summer) · winter and summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer house (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer pole (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer melt (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-weight (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-ova (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer pruning (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerwards (terms derived from the noun summer) · dog days of summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · one swallow doesn't make a summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer queening (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer coot (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer of Love (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer country (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cock (terms derived from the noun summer) · the Summer Triangle (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-heat (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer grass (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sale (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer job (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Archbishop's Palace (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer hall (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-herring (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-cloud (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer parlour (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-seeming (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerhouse (terms derived from the noun summer) · St. Luke's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · high summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Isles (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer flounder (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer rose (terms derived from the noun summer) · unsummered (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer theatre (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-like (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer visitor (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Archiepiscopal Palace (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-dream (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-game (terms derived from the noun summer) · Saint Luke's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer soup (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer camp (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-long (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer learning loss (terms derived from the noun summer) · farewell-summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer teal (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerer (terms derived from the noun summer) · Indian Summer Monsoon (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer pudding (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer boarder (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer queen (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer kill (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer services (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-fallow (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer encephalitis (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer mastitis (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer master (terms derived from the noun summer) · net summer capability (terms derived from the noun summer) · Russian spring-summer encephalitis (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer savory (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-blink (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-gauze (terms derived from the noun summer) · Revolution Summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · snow-in-summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · St Martin's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer wheat (terms derived from the noun summer) · Hutchinson's summer prurigo (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer kitchen (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerite (terms derived from the noun summer) · Indian summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Olympic Games (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-field (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerlay (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer associate (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-whiting (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer soldier (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-room (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerwear (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerize (terms derived from the noun summer) · hot girl summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · midsummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer wood (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-fold (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-day (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerish (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer lady (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer snake (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cottage (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer lightning (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer monsoon (terms derived from the noun summer) · one swallow does not make a summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer tulip (terms derived from the noun summer) · Saint Luke's little summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer bleeding (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer yellowbird (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Palace (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cypress (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Hill (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer stock (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer capital (terms derived from the noun summer) · Saint Martin's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerteeth (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's day (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer complaint (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer migrant (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer top (terms derived from the noun summer) · little summer of St. Luke (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer snipe (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Island (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer road (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer tire (terms derived from the noun summer) · summersweet (terms derived from the noun summer) · Great Summer Army (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer solstice (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer number (terms derived from the noun summer) · summertime (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-eat (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cold (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-lord (terms derived from the noun summer) · summers (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-time (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerlike (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summercon (terms derived from the noun summer) · foresummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · St Luke's little summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer fool (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer tyre (terms derived from the noun summer) · summery (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer penile syndrome (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer resort (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer colony (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer redbird (terms derived from the noun summer) · Red Summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer spot (terms derived from the noun summer) · polar mesospheric summer echoes (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Paralympics (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summerfest (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer blues (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-lease (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer reading program (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer roll (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-stirring (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-ale (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer school (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-leding (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-goose (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer of Three Popes (terms derived from the noun summer) · song of the summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer tree (terms derived from the noun summer) · old wives' summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · the Year Without a Summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer prurigo of Hutchinson (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer damask rose (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerhead (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sausage (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-worm (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerisation (terms derived from the noun summer) · summertide (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer fallow (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-hutch (terms derived from the noun summer) · double summer time (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer meal (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-run fish (terms derived from the noun summer) · nonsummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cohosh (terms derived from the noun summer) · Martinmas summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · presummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · nuclear summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · boys of summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer fever (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerless (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerward (terms derived from the noun summer) · little summer of St Luke (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sunstead (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's queen (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-sob (terms derived from the noun summer) · tomato girl summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-tide (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Capital of the Philippines (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer rape (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer yellow (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Hill Creek (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer tanager (terms derived from the noun summer) · aftersummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer eggs (terms derived from the noun summer) · sweet summer child (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer spore (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer diarrhoea (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summerside (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer prurigo (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerland (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer season (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer rash (terms derived from the noun summer) · sprummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer term (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer diarrhea (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer depression (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer and winter (terms derived from the noun summer) · St. Martin's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerproof (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sweet (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer colt (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer camper (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerfag (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer annual (terms derived from the noun summer) · one swallow doesn't a summer make (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer theater (terms derived from the noun summer) · summercater (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerization (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sores (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer haw (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer branch drop (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer range (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerwood (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summerland (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer slide (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-ripe (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's cloud (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-work (terms derived from the noun summer) · oversummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer lea-land (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Coast (terms derived from the noun summer) · All-Hallown Summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer asthma (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer squash (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer holiday (terms derived from the noun summer) · have but a mile to midsummer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's time (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerweight (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summerween (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer snowflake (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-sweet (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-yellow (terms derived from the noun summer) · St Luke's summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerly (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerise (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer red-bird (terms derived from the noun summer) · Israel Summer Time (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-land (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer catarrh (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer village (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer bird (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer fruit tortrix moth (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer's bird (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer Games (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerful (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer smog (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer warbler (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer hemp (terms derived from the noun summer) · one swallow does not a summer make (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer grape (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-tilth (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer teeth (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer hyacinth (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer cholera (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-fallowing (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer redcap (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-barm (terms derived from the noun summer) · Summer of Hate (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer time (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer rules (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerling (terms derived from the noun summer) · apple summer disease (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer crookneck (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer squash vine (terms derived from the noun summer) · summerlong (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer itch (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer sheldrake (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-colt (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer finch (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer-house (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer vacation (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer duck (terms derived from the noun summer) · go-summer (terms derived from the noun summer) · summer hit (terms derived from the noun summer)

Translations (340)

af somer (hottest season) · hsn 夏天 (hottest season) · hy ամառ (hottest season) · th คิมหันต์ (hottest season) · dz བྱཱ (hottest season) · mdf киза (hottest season) · te ఎండకాలము (hottest season) · ps اوړۍ (hottest season) · dsb lěśe (hottest season) · arc קיטא (hottest season) · eo somero (hottest season) · niv т’олф (hottest season) · bcl tag-init (hottest season) · kl aasaq (hottest season) · lmo estaa (hottest season) · vi mùa hạ (hottest season) · lo ຄິມຫະ (hottest season) · km គិម្ហន្ត (hottest season) · ady гъэмафэ (hottest season) · sc istadi (hottest season) · gu ગ્રીષ્મ (hottest season) · ja 夏季 (hottest season) · sah сайын (hottest season) · vi hạ (hottest season) · hi ग्रीष्म (hottest season) · sa ग्रीष्म (hottest season) · ce аьхке (hottest season) · ckt элен (hottest season) · as গ্ৰীষ্মকাল (hottest season) · xsv dagas (hottest season) · unm nipën (hottest season) · kxd musim panas (hottest season) · hrx Summer (hottest season) · oc estiu (hottest season) · wuu 夏天 (hottest season) · mfe lete (hottest season) · om bona (hottest season) · udm гужем (hottest season) · lzz monç̆inora (hottest season) · ur گَرْما (hottest season) · zu ihlobo (hottest season) · ca estiu (hottest season) · wym zumer (hottest season) · et suvi (hottest season) · ky жай (hottest season) · mt sajf (hottest season) · zh щятян (hottest season) · rm sted (hottest season) · mn зун (hottest season) · mnc ᠵᡠᠸᠠᡵᡳ (hottest season) · kn ಋತು (hottest season) · bua зун (hottest season) · fa تُوْسون (hottest season) · grc θέρος (hottest season) · lou lété (hottest season) · arc ܩܝܛܐ (hottest season) · ulc дюа (hottest season) · fo summar (hottest season) · liv sõv (hottest season) · bua нажар (hottest season) · fa تابِسْتون (hottest season) · bo དབྱར་ཁ (hottest season) · so xaggaa (hottest season) · avd توستان (hottest season) · pam kaleldo (hottest season) · an estiu (hottest season) · id musim panas (hottest season) · pag tiagew (hottest season) · crh yaz (hottest season) · wa esté (hottest season) · se geassi (hottest season) · ota یاز (hottest season) · is sumar (hottest season) · ia estate (hottest season) · ab аԥхын (hottest season) · jje ᄋᆢ름 (hottest season) · wbp wanta (hottest season) · zza amnan (diq) (hottest season) · tt җәй (hottest season) · rup vearã (hottest season) · wyi ngumi-e-ak-korreen (hottest season) · izh kesä (hottest season) · krc джай (hottest season) · eve дьугани (hottest season) · evn дюгани (hottest season) · sh ljȅto (hottest season) · esu kiak (hottest season) · ast branu (hottest season) · nb sommer (hottest season) · ml വേനൽക്കാലം (hottest season) · oj niibin (hottest season) · pt verão (hottest season) · sa ऊष्ण (hottest season) · uk лі́то (hottest season) · uga 𐎖𐎑 (hottest season) · gl verán (hottest season) · sw majira ya joto (hottest season) · sq verë (hottest season) · ka ზაფხული (hottest season) · gwi shin (hottest season) · ast estivu (hottest season) · wo nawet (hottest season) · zh 熱儂 /热侬 (hottest season) · fi suvi (hottest season) · win took (hottest season) · goh sumar (hottest season) · za seizndat (hottest season) · tly تاوستون (hottest season) · tzm ⴰⵏⴱⴷⵓ (hottest season) · ab аҧхын (hottest season) · sc stadi (hottest season) · ru ле́то (hottest season) · kix āshēu (hottest season) · hsb lěćo (hottest season) · pam kalaldo (hottest season) · mi raumati (hottest season) · inh ахка (hottest season) · ks رؠتہٕ کال (hottest season) · csb lãtɵ (hottest season) · ruq veară (hottest season) · kl aussaĸ (hottest season) · te వేసవి (hottest season) · mns-nor тув (hottest season) · de Sommerzeit (hottest season) · gl estío (hottest season) · sms ǩieʹss (hottest season) · chr ᎪᎨᏱ (hottest season) · zza omnon (diq) (hottest season) · lut pədhədəb (hottest season) · cdo 熱天 /热天 (hottest season) · kpv гожӧм (hottest season) · ur گِرِیشم (hottest season) · de Sommer (hottest season) · hi गर्मी (hottest season) · yue 夏季 (hottest season) · nds Sömmer (hottest season) · nds Sömmertiet (hottest season) · ta கோடை காலம் (hottest season) · nl zomer (hottest season) · sw kipindi cha kiangazi (hottest season) · lo ຣະດູຮ້ອນ (hottest season) · gug arahaku (hottest season) · mr उन्हाळा (hottest season) · nrf étaï (hottest season) · my ဂိမှာန (hottest season) · lad enverano (hottest season) · nn sommar (hottest season) · vi hè (hottest season) · fa تابِسْتان (hottest season) · hak 熱天 /热天 (hottest season) · scn astati (hottest season) · kla padaa (hottest season) · gd samhradh (hottest season) · ast verañu (hottest season) · tet bailoro (hottest season) · sh ље̏то (hottest season) · ne गमीर (hottest season) · sd گَرْمِي (hottest season) · vep keza (hottest season) · kw hav (hottest season) · dz གནམ་བྱཱ (hottest season) · az yay (hottest season) · ar صيف (hottest season) · liv sõvvõ (hottest season) · io somero (hottest season) · prg dagis (hottest season) · my ဂိမှာန် (hottest season) · ar صيف (hottest season) · ban musim kebus (hottest season) · or ଖରାଦିନ (hottest season) · xcl ամառն (hottest season) · qu ruphay killa (hottest season) · tk tomus (hottest season) · lb Summer (hottest season) · tli taakw.eetí (hottest season) · css tsalagui (hottest season) · gu નિદાઘ (hottest season) · lzz მონჭინორა (hottest season) · lez гад (hottest season) · vo hitüp (hottest season) · kn ಗ್ರೀಷ್ಮ (hottest season) · ar صَيْف (hottest season) · sk leto (hottest season) · sv sommar (hottest season) · tay 'bagan (hottest season) · fro esté (hottest season) · hu nyár (hottest season) · ang sumor (hottest season) · yo ìgbà é̩rùnìgbà oru (hottest season) · rsk лєто (hottest season) · yue 熱天 /热天 (hottest season) · ha agazari (hottest season) · dv ހޫނު މޫސުން (hottest season) · gu ઉનાળો (hottest season) · lo ລະດູຮ້ອນ (hottest season) · ks رؠتہٕ کول (hottest season) · tyv чай (hottest season) · nap 'a staggione (hottest season) · wuu 熱天 /热天 (hottest season) · twf pȉléna (hottest season) · yi זומער (hottest season) · mn ᠵᠤᠨ (hottest season) · es verano (hottest season) · bn গ্রীষ্ম (hottest season) · iu ᐊᐅᔭ (hottest season) · fr été (hottest season) · orv лѣто (hottest season) · pa ਹੁਨਾਲ਼ਾ (hottest season) · am በጋ (hottest season) · tkl tau māfanafana (hottest season) · fur istât (hottest season) · ja 夏 (hottest season) · av рии (hottest season) · egy S:N35B-hrw (hottest season) · alr алаал (hottest season) · dlm instuat (hottest season) · cy haf (hottest season) · nn sumar (hottest season) · la aestās (hottest season) · hi गर्मियां (hottest season) · lou èté (hottest season) · ms musim panas (hottest season) · hac hamîn (hottest season) · mg fahavaratra (hottest season) · lv vasara (hottest season) · mk лето (hottest season) · tg тобистон (hottest season) · ks گرٛیٚشِم (hottest season) · ko 하계 (hottest season) · ba йәй (hottest season) · ur گَرْمی (hottest season) · as গৰমদিন (hottest season) · vi mùa hè (hottest season) · ti ሓጋይ (hottest season) · alt јай (hottest season) · th หน้าร้อน (hottest season) · ckb تاوستان (hottest season) · kmr tavistan (hottest season) · myv кизэ (hottest season) · nds Sommer (hottest season) · kqr monongaddau (hottest season) · aa cagay (hottest season) · tl tag-init (hottest season) · mwl berano (hottest season) · zh 夏天 (hottest season) · moe nipin (hottest season) · rom nilaj (hottest season) · da sommer (hottest season) · bo དབྱར་ཀ (hottest season) · ro vară (hottest season) · pdt Somma (hottest season) · sco simmer (hottest season) · sw kiangazi (hottest season) · nrf êté (hottest season) · be ле́та (hottest season) · sd اونهارو (hottest season) · nds Sommertiet (hottest season) · kn ಬೇಸಗೆ (hottest season) · cv ҫулла (hottest season) · sh ле̏то (hottest season) · hil tingadlaw (hottest season) · cjs чайғы (hottest season) · pa ਗਰਮੀ (hottest season) · enm somer (hottest season) · kbd гъэмахуэ (hottest season) · tl tag-araw (hottest season) · rue лї́то (hottest season) · ast veranu (hottest season) · cu лѣто (hottest season) · aer uterne (hottest season) · mhr кеҥеж (hottest season) · kix ōtsōu (hottest season) · es estío (hottest season) · sc istiu (hottest season) · kk жаз (hottest season) · lt vasara (hottest season) · it estate (hottest season) · ug ياز (hottest season) · lki tawsan (hottest season) · fy simmer (hottest season) · sc istade (hottest season) · ilo kalgaw (hottest season) · el καλοκαίρι (hottest season) · za cawzhah (hottest season) · krl kezä (hottest season) · sl polétje (hottest season) · pt estio (hottest season) · sh lȅto (hottest season) · pms istà (hottest season) · as গ্ৰীষ্ম (hottest season) · ur صَیف (hottest season) · ko 여름 (hottest season) · he קַיִץ (hottest season) · gld дёа (hottest season) · za seizhah (hottest season) · eu uda (hottest season) · cs léto (hottest season) · hac tawsan (hottest season) · my နွေရာသီ (hottest season) · sc estiu (hottest season) · lij stæ (hottest season) · ceb ting-init (hottest season) · uz yoz (hottest season) · th ฤดูร้อน (hottest season) · fa هامین (hottest season) · ur تابستان (hottest season) · xh ihlobo (hottest season) · pl lato (hottest season) · co estate (hottest season) · yue 夏天 (hottest season) · zh 熱天 /热天 (hottest season) · kqr tiya monongaddau (hottest season) · chr ᎪᎩ (hottest season) · zh 夏季 (hottest season) · xal зун (hottest season) · jv mangsa panas (hottest season) · non sumar (hottest season) · si ගිම්හාන ඍතුව (hottest season) · hrx Sommer (hottest season) · xmf ზარხული (hottest season) · fa تَابِسْتَان (hottest season) · os сӕрд (hottest season) · izh suvi (hottest season) · ltg vosora (hottest season) · nv shį́ (hottest season) · kmr havîn (hottest season) · br hañv (hottest season) · sc iltiu (hottest season) · ckb ھاوین (hottest season) · tr yaz (hottest season) · koi гожӧм (hottest season) · fi kesä (hottest season) · rif anebdu (hottest season) · vec istà (hottest season) · aii ܩܲܝܛܵܐ (hottest season) · bg ля́то (hottest season) · rm stad (hottest season) · mhn summer (hottest season) · ga samhradh (hottest season) · an verano (hottest season)

wikidata: Q1313 · wikipedia: Brill Publishers

summer en · VERB · etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /ˈsʌmɚ/ (General-American)
• /ˈsʌmə/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmə] (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmɚ] ~ [ˈsʌmɹ̩] (General-American)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ór-o-der. Proto-Germanic *sumaraz Proto-West Germanic *sumar Old English sumor Middle English somer English summer From Middle English somer, sumer, from Old English sumor m, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar m, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz m, derived from Proto-Indo-European *semh₂- (“summer”). Cognates Cognate with Scots somer, sumer, simer, West Frisian simmer, Saterland Frisian Suumer, Dutch zomer, Low German Sommer, German Sommer, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål sommer, Swedish sommar, Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic sumar; Welsh haf, Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”), Sanskrit समा (sámā, “a half-year, season, weather, year”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham-), Middle Persian ḥʾmyn (hāmīn), Northern Kurdish havîn, Central Kurdish ھاوین (hawîn).

Meanings

1. (intransitive) To spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday.
   • For he was an oddity, a black multimillionaire who summered on the Riviera, had an apartment in Paris and a penthouse, in a building he owned, high above Sugar Hill. 1970, Wally Ferris, Across 110th, page 228:
   • She had summered in England and France and Germany and Switzerland. She had wintered in Italy and Egypt and India and Spain. 1930, Margaret Ayer Barnes, Years of Grace, Part III, Chapter II, page 282:

Forms

Deriveds

summer and winter (terms derived from summer (verb)) · summering (terms derived from summer (verb)) · summer over (terms derived from summer (verb))

Relateds

estival · æstival · aestival

Translations (28)

pt veranear (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ast braniar (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · fr estiver (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · it passare l'estate (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ast veraniar (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ru проводи́ть ле́то (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ro văra (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · el παραθερίζω (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · fr passer l'été (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · alr анутва (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · zh 消夏 (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · es veranear (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · zh 避暑 (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · mk летува (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · gl veranear (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · fi viettää kesää (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · bg летувам (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ca estiuar (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · it villeggiare (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · az yaylamaq (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · sh letovati (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · cy hafota (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · zza amnane (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · hu nyaral (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · gl vranear (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · kw havi (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · ca estiuejar (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday) · el ξεκαλοκαιριάζω (spend the summer, as in a particular place on holiday)

wikipedia: Brill Publishers

summer en · NOUN · etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /ˈsʌmɚ/ (General-American)
• /ˈsʌmə/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmə] (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmɚ] ~ [ˈsʌmɹ̩] (General-American)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *s(e)m-eh₂- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ór-o-der. Proto-Germanic *sumaraz Proto-West Germanic *sumar Old English sumor Middle English somer English summer From Middle English somer, from Anglo-Norman summer, sumer, from Vulgar Latin saumārius, for Late Latin sagmārius, from Latin sagma (“sum”). Compare sumpter.

Meanings

1. A horizontal beam supporting a building.
   • And we are warned, that the foundation or maine summers of our houses faile and shrinke, when we see the quarters bend, or wals to breake. 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 43, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 146:
2. (obsolete) A pack-horse.

Forms

Deriveds

bressummer · summertree · summerbeam · summer-piece · summering · summer bar · summer-trestle · transsummer · summer-stone · summer-castle · summer-tower

Synonyms

summerbeam · summertree

Translations (4)

ro traversă (a horizontal beam supporting a building) · ru перекла́дина (a horizontal beam supporting a building) · ru брус (a horizontal beam supporting a building) · ru ба́лка (a horizontal beam supporting a building)

summer en · NOUN · etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (US) audio
• /ˈsʌmɚ/ (General-American)
• /ˈsʌmə/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmə] (Received-Pronunciation)
• [ˈsʌmɚ] ~ [ˈsʌmɹ̩] (General-American)

Etymology

Etymology tree English sum Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English summer From sum + -er.

Meanings

1. A person who sums.
2. A machine or algorithm that sums.
   • A basic feedback system consists of ... and a summing point (comparator or summer). 2014, Michael R. Lindeburg, chapter 48, in FE Mechanical Review Manual, page 2:
   • The output of the summer is therefore fed into the input of the first integrator. 2016, George H. Olsen, Ian Burdess, Computers and Microprocessors: Made Simple, page 36:

Forms

Deriveds

summer-up

Relateds

adder

Synonyms

totaller