penalty en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈpɛn.əl.ti/
- (Southern-England) audio
Etymology
From Middle French pénalité, from pénal, from Latin poenālis, from poena, borrowing of Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂, comprising *kʷey- + *-néh₂.
Meanings
-
A legal sentence.
The penalty for his crime was to do hard labor.
-
A punishment for violating rules of procedure.
Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?
1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:
- A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
- In sports: ▸ A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
-
In sports: ▸ A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.
A penalty was called when he tripped up his opponent.
-
A disadvantageous consequence of a previous event.
"But you, my noble, my generous girl!" exclaimed Lord Avonleigh, "I dare not let you pay the penalty of my former folly."
1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 126:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| penalties | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| pœnalty | alternative, archaic | lexicographic |
Antonyms
Deriveds
penalty corner · penalty arc · penalty rate · pay the penalty · face mask penalty · penalty card · match penalty · penalty shot · penalty try · penalty shootout · penalty goal · penalty phase · penalty area · penalty throw · penalty mark · penalty function · penalty box · penalty kill · penalty kick · point penalty · death penalty · penalty turn · prepayment penalty · penalty copy · drive-through penalty · fixed penalty notice · penalty shoot-out · penalty spot · Pessi · counterpenalty · penalty unit · long lap penalty · penalty loop · stop-and-go penalty · penalty envelope · marriage penalty · penalty point · loyalty penalty · minor penalty
Descendants
بلنتي · penalti · penalti · penálti · pênalti
Holonyms
Hyponyms
retribution · fine · execution · imprisonment · excommunication · whipping · forfeiture · beating · weregild
Relateds
penality · penal · penalize · free kick
Synonyms
punishment · discipline · penalty · correction · sentence · sentence · censure · punishment · sanction · punition · punition
Translations (118)
de Strafe (legal sentence) · vi trừng phạt (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ja 刑罰 (legal sentence) · nn straff (legal sentence) · fi korvaus (finance: payment for early withdrawal) · it penalità (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ko 징벌 (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ko 처벌 (legal sentence) · de Strafe (punishment in ice hockey) · cy cosb (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · pl kara (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · la pēna (legal sentence) · ja 仕置き (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · mk ка́зна (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ro pedeapsă (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · bg наказа́ние (legal sentence) · ceb silot (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ru штраф (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · sw faini (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · hy տուգանք (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · fr peine (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ar جَزَاء (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ca càstig (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ms hukuman (legal sentence) · ro pedeapsă (legal sentence) · hy պատիժ (legal sentence) · be пакара́нне (legal sentence) · eo penalo (punishment in ice hockey) · mk ка́зна (legal sentence) · fi rangaistus (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · nb straff (legal sentence) · uk ка́ра (legal sentence) · bg наказа́ние (punishment in ice hockey) · es pena (legal sentence) · kw spal (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · sip ཀྱོམ (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · is hegning (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · hi दण्ड (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · pt pena (legal sentence) · az cəza (legal sentence) · fr penalisation (legal sentence) · tl parusa (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ru наказа́ние (legal sentence) · ja 懲らしめ (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · bg са́нкция (legal sentence) · de Strafe (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · fi rangaistus (legal sentence) · cy cosb (legal sentence) · lv sods (legal sentence) · la poena (legal sentence) · la pēna (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ltg struope (legal sentence) · hu büntetés (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · el αντίτιμο (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · gd peanas (legal sentence) · nl straf (legal sentence) · ml പിഴ (finance: payment for early withdrawal) · ja 罰 (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ja お仕置き (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · wa poenne (legal sentence) · sv straff (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · el κύρωση (legal sentence) · mk гло́ба (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · lt bausmė (legal sentence) · pdt Strof (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ru штрафно́й бросо́к (punishment in ice hockey) · is hegning (legal sentence) · ml ശിക്ഷ (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ga pionós (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ru взыска́ние (legal sentence) · ga pionós (legal sentence) · la multa (legal sentence) · bg гло́ба (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · de Pönale (finance: payment for early withdrawal) · da straf (legal sentence) · fi jäähy (punishment in ice hockey) · fi rangaistus (punishment in ice hockey) · hu büntetés (legal sentence) · ru штраф (legal sentence) · ko 형벌 (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ja 懲罰 (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · nn straff (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · el ποινή (legal sentence) · pl kara (legal sentence) · sv utvisning (punishment in ice hockey) · wa poenålté (legal sentence) · nb straff (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · tl bayad-sala (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · la poena (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · mk пена́л (punishment in ice hockey) · uk штраф (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · tl parusa (legal sentence) · be штраф (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ki ihera (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · gl castigo (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ml ശിക്ഷ (legal sentence) · ko 형벌 (legal sentence) · sw penalti (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · cmn 懲罰 /惩罚 (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ru булли́т (punishment in ice hockey) · hu bírság (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · el τιμωρία (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · gl punición (legal sentence) · kw spal (legal sentence) · pt penalidade (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ota جزا (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · gl pena (legal sentence) · gd peanas (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · nl straf (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · el τιμωρία (legal sentence) · sv straff (legal sentence) · ro penalizare (legal sentence) · hi सज़ा (punishment for violating rules of procedure) · ga pionós (punishment in ice hockey) · de Vertragsstrafe (finance: payment for early withdrawal) · be ка́ра (legal sentence) · uk покара́ння (legal sentence) · ja 刑 (legal sentence)