immune en · ADJ
Pronunciation
- (Southern-England) audio
- /ɪˈmjuːn/ (US)
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *mey- Proto-Indo-European *moy-nósder. Proto-Italic *moinos Latin mūnus Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin in- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂der.? Proto-Italic *-is Latin -is Latin in- -is Latin immūnisder. Middle French immunbor. Middle English English immune From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).
Meanings
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(usually, with "from") Exempt; not subject to.
He had always been remarkably immune from such little ailments, and had only once in his life been ill, of a vicious pneumonia long ago at school. He hadn't the faintest idea what to with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.
1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:As a diplomat, you are immune from prosecution.
Bret Stephens believed that, by virtue of his comfortable position at the New York Times, he ought to be immune from insult or criticism.
2019 September 3, David Karpf, “Bret Stephens Compared Me to a Nazi Propagandist in the New York Times. It Proved My Point.”, in Esquire:
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(usually, with "to") Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens.
I am immune to chicken pox.
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(broadly) Not vulnerable.
Alas, he was immune to my charms.
[...] most of the original electrical signalling equipment has had to be replaced by apparatus immune to 50-cycle currents.
1959 June, “The opening of the Colchester-Walton-Clacton electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 306:
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Of or pertaining to immunity.
immune system
We examined the patient's immune response.
Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.
2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| most immune | Degree=Sup | lexicographic | |
| more immune | Degree=Cmp | lexicographic |
Antonyms
susceptible · nonimmune · vulnerable · affectable
Deriveds
chemoimmune · hematoimmune · acquired immune deficiency syndrome · counterimmune · immune deficiency · preimmune · cryoimmune · hyperimmune · osteoimmune · immune evasion · heteroimmune · immune reaction · dysimmune · immune system · pauci-immune · radioimmune · immune cell · immunify · gastrimmune · alloimmune · hypoimmune · immune complex · immunology · cell-mediated immune response · immune globulin · lymphoimmune · immune response · seroimmune · nonimmune · immunomics · neuroimmune · autoimmune · immunome · homoimmune · xenoimmune · auto-immune · gay-related immune deficiency · postimmune · immune privilege · immunevasion · unimmune · isoimmune
Hyponyms
Synonyms
exempt · protected · -proof · immune · unsusceptible · resistant · impermeable · unaffectable · impervious · impenetrable
Translations (61)
cs imunní (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · pt imune (exempt from inclusion) · es inmunitario (of or pertaining to the immune system) · fi immuuni (exempt from inclusion) · nn immun (not vulnerable) · sv skyddad (exempt from inclusion) · ar مَنِيع (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · gl inmune (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · bg имунен (of or pertaining to the immune system) · cs imunitní (of or pertaining to the immune system) · sv immun (exempt from inclusion) · tr bağışık (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · ga imdhíonach (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fi vastustuskykyinen (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · kk иммунды (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · cy heintrydd (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · tr bağışık (of or pertaining to the immune system) · fi immuuni (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · sv exemt (exempt from inclusion) · nb immun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · tl may-kabal (of or pertaining to the immune system) · sv immun (not vulnerable) · ms imun (exempt from inclusion) · pt imune (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fa مصون (exempt from inclusion) · nb immun (not vulnerable) · es inmune (exempt from inclusion) · it immunològico (of or pertaining to the immune system) · bg притежаващ имунитет (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · az toxunulmaz (exempt from inclusion) · mi whaiawhikiri (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · cy imiwn (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · ms imun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · pt imunológico (of or pertaining to the immune system) · ca immune (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · es inmunológico (of or pertaining to the immune system) · ca immunitari (of or pertaining to the immune system) · tr muaf (exempt from inclusion) · es inmune (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fa ایمنی (of or pertaining to the immune system) · fr immunologique (of or pertaining to the immune system) · ca immune (exempt from inclusion) · sv immun- (of or pertaining to the immune system) · sv immun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fr immunitaire (of or pertaining to the immune system) · ga imdhíonachta (of or pertaining to the immune system) · hu immunis (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · tr muaf (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · de immun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · nn immun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · id imun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fr immun (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fi immunologinen (of or pertaining to the immune system) · tl liway (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · eo imuna (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens) · fi immuuni- (of or pertaining to the immune system) · pt isento (exempt from inclusion) · bg освободен от (exempt from inclusion) · bg неподатлив (not vulnerable) · fi koskematon (exempt from inclusion) · it immune (protected due to innate resistance to pathogens)