immaculate en · ADJ
Pronunciation
- /ɪˈmækjʊlət/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- /ᵻˈmæk.jə.lət/ (General-American)
- (Southern-England) audio
- /ɪˈmæk.jʊ.lət/ (General-American)
Etymology
From Late Middle English immaculat, immaculate (“blameless; flawless, spotless; specifically of the Virgin Mary: pure, undefiled”), borrowed from Latin immaculātus (“unstained”), from im- (negative prefix) + maculātus (“stained, spotted; defiled, polluted; (figurative) dishonoured”), the perfect passive participle of maculō (“to spot, stain; to defile, pollute; (figurative) to dishonour”), from macula (“a blemish, spot, stain; (figurative) blot on one’s character, fault”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *smh₂-tló-m (“wiping (?)”), from *smeh₂- (“to rub; to smear”). The word displaced Middle English unwemmed (“pure, untainted”). See also -ate (adjective-forming suffix). By surface analysis, im- + macule + -ate. Cognates * Catalan immaculat * Italian immacolato, immaculato (obsolete) * Middle French immaculé (modern French immaculé) * Portuguese imaculado * Spanish inmaculado
Meanings
-
Having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy.
So firſt to preach a vvhite-glov'd Chaplain goes, / VVith Band of Lily, and vvith Cheek of Roſe, / Svveeter than Sharon, in immaculate trim, / Neatneſs itſelf impertinent in him.
1733, “an Eminent Hand” [pseudonym; Alexander Pope], The Impertinent, or A Visit to the Court. A Satyr. […], London: […] John Wil[f]ord, […], →OCLC, page 15:Every rustle of her silvery silk gown, every fold of the snowy kerchief on her neck, every plait of her immaculate cap, spoke a soul long retired from this world and its cares.
1856, Harriet Beecher Stowe, “The Gordon Family”, in Dred; a Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp. […], volume I, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson and Company, →OCLC, page 52:So in immaculate clothes, and Symetrie / Perfect as circles, vvith ſuch nicetie / As a young Preacher at his firſt time goes / To preach, he enters, […]
p. 1597, J[ohn] Donne, “Satyre IIII”, in Poems, […] with Elegies on the Authors Death, London: […] M[iles] F[lesher] for Iohn Marriot, […], published 1633, →OCLC, page 344:O loyall Father, of a treacherous Sonne, / Thou ſheere immaculate and ſiluer Fountaine, / From vvhence this ſtreame, through muddy paſſages, / Hath held his current, and defild himſelfe.
1595 December 9 (first known performance), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedie of King Richard the Second. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Simmes for Androw Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], signature I2, recto:
- (figuratively) Containing no mistakes; free from fault.
- (figuratively, specifically) Containing no mistakes; free from fault. ▸ Of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors.
-
(archaic, figuratively) Free from sin; morally pure; sinless.
Alas! vve have made a nevv faith; vve have exchanged piety for impiety; vve have betrayed the immaculate ſacrifice [of Jesus]; […]
1788, Edward Gibbon, chapter LXVII, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume VI, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 438:The VVorld's infectious; fevv bring back at Eve / Immaculate, the Manners of the Morn.
1743, [Edward Young], “Night the Fifth. The Relapse. […]”, in The Complaint. Or, Night-Thoughts on Life, Death, & Immortality. Night the Fifth, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley […], and sold by M[ary] Cooper […], →OCLC, page 14:And this Life is pure and immaculate Love, and this Love is God, as he is communicable unto man, and is the ſole Life and Eſſence of Vertue truly ſo called; […]
1653, Henry More, “The Defence of the Threefold Cabbala. The Defence of the Moral Cabbala. Chapter III.”, in A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr Henry More […], London: […] James Flesher for William Morden, […], published 1662, →OCLC, page 177:Take not thy flight ſo ſoone immaculate ſpirit.
c. 1624–1625 (date written), Philip Massinger, The Vnnaturall Combat. A Tragedie. […], London: […] E[dward] G[riffin] for Iohn Waterson, […], published 1639, →OCLC, Act V, scene ii, signature [K4], verso:Were but my ſoul as pure / From other guilts as that, Heaven did not hold / One more immaculate.
1641 (first performance), [John Denham], The Sophy. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1667, →OCLC, Act V, page 86:That immaculate manliness we feel within ourselves, so far within us, that it remains intact though all the outer character seem gone; bleeds with keenest anguish at the undraped spectacle of a valor-ruined man.
1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Knights and Squires”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 127:
- (figuratively) Of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled.
- (especially) Lacking blotches, spots, or other markings.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| more immaculate | Degree=Cmp | lexicographic | |
| most immaculate | Degree=Sup | lexicographic |
Antonyms
grotty · squalid · dirtsome · stained · maculated · imperfect · besmirched · soiled · sullied · flawed · unclean · seamy · yucky · cruddy · lousy · imperfect · nasty · flawed · unimmaculate · foul · impure · befouled · clarty · imperfect · unimmaculate · maculate · dirty · maculate · unimmaculate · icky · unwashed · unimmaculate · tainted · horry · dirty · maculate · grubby · spotted · manky · sordid
Deriveds
immaculate concussion · unimmaculate · immaculately · immaculate disinflation · immaculism · Immaculate Conception · immaculateness · Sister of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
Relateds
maculatory · maculism · maculate · macular · macula · macule · maculated · maculated fever · maculation
Synonyms
halal · immaculate · clean as a new pin · spotless · unalloyed · ideal · faultless · impeccable · spotless · lily-white · unsullied · uncontaminated · kosher · clean as a whistle · squeaky clean · flawless · pristine · spick-and-span · pure · mere · unadulterated · virgin · unsoiled · undefiled · faultless · unpolluted · immaculate · chaste · clean · impeccable · unblemished · simon-pure · unblemished · unsullied · cherry · perfect · stainless · flawless · clear · natural · clean as a new penny · stainless · untouched · clean as a hound's tooth · self-coloured · unspotted · pristine · untainted · clean · perfect · clean as a bean · unsullied · spotless · flawless · irreproachable · perfect
Translations (146)
el αψεγάδιαστος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · mk беспорочен (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · af foutloos (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · mi parakore (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · hy անբիծ (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · it immacolata (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · da ubesmittede (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · sh bezgrješan (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · el άψογος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · cs bezchybný (of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors) · ko 완벽하다 (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · eo senmakula (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · ca immaculat (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · hu makulátlan (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · uk бездоганний (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · xcl սուրբ (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fi virheetön (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fi virheetön (of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors) · cmn 純潔的 /纯洁的 (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · pt imaculada (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · ca immaculada (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · ja 無原罪 (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · lv šķīsts (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · eu garbia (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · sh бесприје́ко̄ран (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fr soigné (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ka უმწიკვლო (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ar مُنَزَّه (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · nl onbevlekte (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · cmn 無染原罪 /无染原罪 (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · pt ilibado (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ru непоро́чное (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · li ónbevlekde (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · lt tvarki̇̀ngas (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · uk чистий (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ro imaculată (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · fi puhtoinen (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · af vlekkeloos (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sa अमल (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bo སྐྱོན་མེད (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · pt imaculado (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sq bardhë (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ru чи́стенький (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · gl inmaculada (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · el άμωμος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · grc πᾰνάχραντος (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · hu szeplőtlen (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · is flekklaus (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · gv neulheamysagh (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · uk незаплямований (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sh besprékōran (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · uk непоро́чне (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · ro imaculat (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ro precistă (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · sh besprijékōran (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bg неопетнен (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · el άσπιλος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ru соверше́нный (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · bn অকল্ক (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · vi trong trắng (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · vi phau (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · nl brandschoon (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sh беспре́ко̄ран (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bg безупречен (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · da pletfri (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · de perfect (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · cs neposkvrněný (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ro dalb (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ru однотонный (lacking blotches, spots, or other markings — see also unspotted) · tl inmakulada (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · cs bezchybná (of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors) · fr immaculé (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · cmn 整潔 /整洁 (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ru безоши́бочный (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · ang unwemme (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · vec imacołada (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · pl niepokalanym (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · pt impecável (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · nb ubesmittede (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · cmn 一塵不染 /一尘不染 (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · an purisma (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · hu szeplőtelen (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · bg пре́чист (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · hu makulátlan (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bo སྐྱོན་མེད (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · af perfek (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · sv fläckfri (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · cs bezchybné (of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors) · grc πᾰνάχραντος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bg чист (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fr recherché (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · de makellos (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · ka შეუბღალავი (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · th วิมล (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · af onbevlekte (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · fi viaton (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ro preacurat (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · hy առաքինի (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · tr lekesiz (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · th วิมล (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · tr günahsızlığı (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · rgn cândid (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · tr kusursuz (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sl brezmadežno (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · de unbefleckt (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bn অকলঙ্ক (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fi täplätön (lacking blotches, spots, or other markings — see also unspotted) · ml പരിശുദ്ധ (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · es inmaculada (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · hy կատարյալ (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · nl vlekkeloos (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ro imis (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · bo དྲི་མེད (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · vi vẹn toàn (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · it immacolato (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · de einfarbig (lacking blotches, spots, or other markings — see also unspotted) · mk беспрекорен (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · fi perisynnitön (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · fi immaculata (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · mt immakulata (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · fi yksivärinen (lacking blotches, spots, or other markings — see also unspotted) · gl inmaculado (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · haw hemolele (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · fr acribique (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fy unbesmodzge (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · sv obefläckad (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · el άμωμος (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · de makellos (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · de unbefleckte (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · cmn 無瑕疵的 /无瑕疵的 (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · la immaculāta (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · hy անարատ (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sv obefläckad (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · fi moitteeton (containing no mistakes — see also flawless) · af foutloos (of a book, manuscript, etc.: having no textual errors) · grc ἄχραντος (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · hu szeplőtelen (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · ko 원죄 없는 (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · cs neposkvrněné (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · hu tiszta (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · sa परिशुद्ध (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · fr immaculé (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled) · tl busilak (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · pl niepokalany (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · es inmaculado (having no blemish or stain; absolutely clean and tidy — see also spotless, undefiled) · lb onbefleckt (of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled)
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