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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

imperfect en · ADJ

Pronunciation

  • (US) audio
  • /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɪkt/
  • /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɛkt/

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin im- Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Proto-Italic *peri- Latin per- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Latin faciō Latin perficiō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin perfectus Latin imperfectusder. Old French imparfitder. Middle English imperfit English imperfect From Middle English imperfit, from Old French imparfit (modern French imparfait), from Latin imperfectus. Spelling modified 15c. to conform Latin etymology. See im- + perfect.

Meanings

  1. Not perfect.
    • Nothing imperfet or deficient left Of all that he Created. 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
    • Then say not man's imperfect, Heaven in fault; / Say rather, man's as perfect as he ought. 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: […] J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:
    • Why, then, your other senses grow imperfect. c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene vi]:
  2. Unisexual: having either male (with stamens) or female (with pistil) flowers, but not with both.
  3. Known or expected to be polyphyletic, as of a form taxon.
  4. (of a tense or verb form) Representing a continuing or repeated action.
  5. (obsolete) Lacking some elementary organ that is essential to successful or normal activity.
    • When the prophet Joel was describing the formidable accidents in the day of the Lord's judgment, and the fearful sentence of an angry Judge, he was not able to express it, but stammered like a child, or an amazed, imperfect person. 1653, “Twenty-five Sermons Preached at Golden Grove; Being for the Winter Half-year, […]: Sermon III. [Doomsday Book; or, Christ’s Advent to Judgment.] Part III.”, in Reginald Heber, editor, The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Jeremy Taylor, D.D. […], volume V, London: Ogle, Duncan, and Co. […]; and Richard Priestley, […], published 1822, →OCLC, page 35:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
more imperfect Degree=Cmp lexicographic
most imperfect Degree=Sup lexicographic

Antonyms

perfect · infallible · faultless · perfect

Coordinates

infect · perfect

Deriveds

present imperfect · imperfect number · imperfect indicative · imperfect rhyme · imperfectness · imperfect tense · imperfect subjunctive · past imperfect tense · imperfect time · imperfectly · imperfect authentic cadence · imperfect fungi

Relateds

imperfection

Synonyms

defective · faultful · fallible · faulty

Translations (58)

gl imperfecto (not perfect) · tr noksan (not perfect) · fr imparfait ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · pl niedoskonały (not perfect) · de unvollkommen (not perfect) · la imperfectus (not perfect) · mi tōrōkiri (not perfect) · pdt onvollkomen (not perfect) · he לֹא נִשְׁלָם ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · cs nedokonalý (not perfect) · de fehlerhaft (not perfect) · bg несъвършен (not perfect) · ang unfulfremed (not perfect) · es imperfecto (not perfect) · tl dihimpit (not perfect) · de unvollständig (not perfect) · bg незавършен (not perfect) · km ខ្ចោះ (not perfect) · sh nesavršen ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · ru несоверше́нный (not perfect) · hu tökéletlen (not perfect) · ja 不完全な (not perfect) · mi takarepa (not perfect) · mi nawe (not perfect) · az qeyri-kamil (not perfect) · la imperfectus ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · fr imparfait (not perfect) · ota اكسیك (not perfect) · hu befejezetlen ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · fi epätäydellinen (not perfect) · wa durant ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · grc παρατατικός ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · mi kōkau (not perfect) · ro imperfect (not perfect) · ca imperfecte (not perfect) · tr kusurlu (not perfect) · pt imperfeito (not perfect) · el ατελής (not perfect) · el ελαττωματικός (not perfect) · scn mpirfettu ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · el ελλιπής (not perfect) · de mangelhaft (not perfect) · ast imperfeutu (not perfect) · tl balhag (not perfect) · he לֹא מוּשְלָם (not perfect) · pl niedokonany ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · fi vajavainen (not perfect) · hu folyamatos ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · nl onvolmaakt (not perfect) · sq E pakryer ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · uk недоскона́лий (not perfect) · el πλημμελής (not perfect) · id tidak sempurna (not perfect) · eo imperfekta ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · it imperfetto (not perfect) · it imperfetto ((grammar) belonging to a tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous) · nl imperfect (not perfect) · ga anfhoirfe (not perfect)

imperfect en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • (US) audio
  • /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɪkt/
  • /ɪmˈpɜː(ɹ)fɛkt/

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin im- Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Proto-Italic *peri- Latin per- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Latin faciō Latin perficiō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin perfectus Latin imperfectusder. Old French imparfitder. Middle English imperfit English imperfect From Middle English imperfit, from Old French imparfit (modern French imparfait), from Latin imperfectus. Spelling modified 15c. to conform Latin etymology. See im- + perfect.

Meanings

  1. Something having a minor flaw.
  2. A tense of verbs used in describing a past action that is incomplete or continuous.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
imperfects Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

imperfective

Synonyms

preterimperfect · past imperfect · past imperfect tense

Translations (38)

el υποτυπώδης (something having a minor flaw) · ar ناقص-غير كامل (past tense) · la praeteritum imperfectum (past tense) · rm imperfect (past tense) · fi sekunda (something having a minor flaw) · de Imperfekt (past tense) · hu imperfektum (past tense) · la imperfectum (past tense) · nl onvoltooid verleden tijd (past tense) · bg имперфе́кт (past tense) · scn mpirfettu (past tense) · eo imperfekto (past tense) · es imperfecto (past tense) · fa ناقص (past tense) · el παρατατικός (past tense) · hu folyamatos múlt (past tense) · hy անկատար (past tense) · sv imperfekt (past tense) · pl niedoskonałość (something having a minor flaw) · gl imperfecto (past tense) · fi imperfekti (past tense) · bg и́мперфект (past tense) · pl czas przeszły niedokonany (past tense) · ca imperfet (past tense) · it imperfetto (past tense) · he עָבָר לֹא מֻגְמָר (past tense) · ro imperfect (past tense) · la tempus praeteritum imperfectum (past tense) · la tempus imperfectum (past tense) · sq E pakryer (past tense) · ru имперфе́кт (past tense) · fr imparfait (past tense) · bg ми́нало несвърше́но вре́ме (past tense) · ru несоверше́нное вре́мя (past tense) · hu elbeszélő múlt (past tense) · pt imperfeito (past tense) · grc παρατατικός (past tense) · de Imperfektum (past tense)

imperfect en · VERB

Pronunciation

  • (Southern-England) audio
  • /ɪmpə(ɹ)ˈfɛkt/

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *né Proto-Indo-European *n̥- Proto-Italic *n̥- Latin im- Proto-Indo-European *per-der. Proto-Italic *peri- Latin per- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Latin faciō Latin perficiō Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Italic *-tus Latin -tus Latin perfectus Latin imperfectusder. Old French imparfitder. Middle English imperfit English imperfect From Middle English imperfit, from Old French imparfit (modern French imparfait), from Latin imperfectus. Spelling modified 15c. to conform Latin etymology. See im- + perfect.

Meanings

  1. (transitive) to make imperfect
    • 1651, John Donne, Letter to Henry Goodere, in Letters to Severall Persons of Honour, edited by Charles Edmund Merrill, Jr., New York: Sturgis & Walton, 1910, I write to you from the Spring Garden, whither I withdrew my self to think of this; and the intensenesse of my thinking ends in this, that by my help Gods work should be imperfected, if by any means I resisted the amasement.
    • […] such was their desire for greater rhythmic freedom that composers began to use red notes as well. […] Their value was […] restricted at first, for redness implies the imperfecting of a note which is perfect if black […] 1962, Alec Harman, Wilfrid Mellers, Man and His Music: The Story of Musical Experience in the West, Oxford University Press, Part I, Chapter 5, p. 126:
    • Time, which perfects some things, imperfects also others. 1716, Thomas Browne, edited by Samuel Johnson, Christian Morals, 2nd edition, London: J. Payne, published 1756, Part I, p. 43:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
imperfected Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
imperfected Tense=Past lexicographic
imperfecting Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
imperfects Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic