Dictionary

presume en · VERB

Pronunciation

• /pɹɪˈzjʉːm/ (Australia)
• /pɹəˈz(j)um/ (US)
• /pɹɘˈʒʉːm/ (New-Zealand)
• /pɹɪˈʒʉːm/ (Australia)
• /pɹɪˈzjuːm/ (UK)
• /pɹɪˈz(j)um/ (US)
• /pɹiˈz(j)um/ (US)
• (UK) audio
• /pɹɘˈzjʉːm/ (New-Zealand)
• (US) audio

Etymology

From Middle English presumen, from Anglo-Norman presumer and its source, Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”), from prae- + sūmere (“to take”).

Meanings

1. (transitive) To be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission [with to (+ infinitive)].
   • I don't want to pretend to be an authority on this line of business, so I would never presume to tell you how to run your own company.
   • There were no women at the birth of the International Gay Association in Coventry, England in 1978. The men there decided they would like lesbians to join; they would not presume to formulate aims for them but would adjust the organization if and when women joined it. 1982 August 21, Sylvia Barren, “Women and the IGA: A History of Struggle”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 6, page 3:
2. (archaic, transitive) To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission.
   • Don't make the decision yourself and presume too much.
3. (transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose.
   • Dr. Livingstone, I presume?
   • Paw-prints in the snow allow us to presume a visit from next door's cat.
4. (transitive) To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument.
   • If we presume that human cloning may one day become a mundane, everyday reality, then maybe it's time to start thinking more positively about our soon-to-arrive genetically engineered pseudo-siblings. 2011 February 5, John Patterson, The Guardian:
5. (intransitive) To impose (on) for one's advantage; to be presumptuous; to take advantage (of); to take liberties (with) [with on or upon].
   • Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain; Thou gavest me thine, not to give back again. 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 22”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:
   • Piliso then vented his anger on us, accusing us of lying to him. He said we had presumed on his hospitality and the good name of the regent. 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela, London: Abacus, published 2010, page 75:
   • Thanks, but I can't accept the money; I would not want to presume on the generosity of a stranger'
   • Emma was not required, by any subsequent discovery, to retract her ill opinion of Mrs. Elton. Her observation had been pretty correct. Such as Mrs. Elton appeared to her on this second interview, such she appeared whenever they met again,—self-important, presuming, familiar, ignorant, and ill-bred. 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 15:

Forms

Deriveds

presumably · presumable · presumability

Relateds

presumptuous · presumptive · presumption

Synonyms

suppose (to assume to be true)

Translations (39)

de vermuten (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ko 가정(假定)하다 (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · fr supposer (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · fr présumer (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ur فرض کرنا (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sv förutsätta (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ru предположи́ть (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · pt presumir (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · la praesūmō (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sv förmoda (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · cmn 假設 /假设 (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · cmn 推測 /推测 (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · it presumere (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · fa فرض کردن (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ja 推定する (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · uk припускати (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · fi otaksua (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ca presumir (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · pt pressupor (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · cmn 假定 (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ja 推測する (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · es presumir (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sw dhania (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · de annehmen (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · eu uste izan (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · mi whakahira (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · bg предполагам (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · hu feltételez (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · de mutmaßen (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · es presumir (5. intransitive: to be presumptuous) · eo supozi (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sw waza (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ru предполага́ть (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · ro presupune (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · nl veronderstellen (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · el υποθέτω (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sw kisia (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · sl domnevati (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose) · pl przypuszczać (3. transitive: to assume to be true, suppose)