lord en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- audio AU!Australia
- /loːd/ (Australia, British, New-Zealand, Southern, Standard)
- /lɔːd/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- (US) audio
- /lɔɾd/ (Scotland)
- audio SSB
- /loɹd/ (General-American)
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.? Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz Proto-West Germanic *hlaib Old English hlāf Proto-Indo-European *wert-der. Proto-Germanic *wardaz Proto-West Germanic *ward Old English weard Old English hlāfweard Old English hlāford Middle English lord English lord From Middle English lord and lorde (attested from the 15th century), from earlier (14th century) lourde and other variants which dropped the intervocalic consonant of earlier lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, and lhoaverd; from Old English hlāford < hlāfweard, a compound of hlāf (“bread”) + weard (“guardian”); see loaf and ward. The term was already being applied broadly prior to the literary development of Old English and was influenced by its common use to translate Latin dominus. Compare Scots laird (“lord”), preserving a separate vowel development (from northern/Scottish Middle English lard, laverd), the Old English compound hlāf-ǣta (“servant”, literally “bread-eater”), and modern English lady, from Old English hlǣfdīġe (“bread-kneader”). The Middle English word laford was borrowed by Icelandic, where it survives as lávarður. Doublet of hlaford and laird.
Meanings
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(obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor
Por. ...But now, I was the Lord of this faire manſion, maiſter of my ſeruants, Queene oer my ſelfe[…]
c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], line 167:Bleſſed is that ſeruant, whome his Lord when he commeth, ſhal finde ſo doing.
1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 24:46:Lords of manors are distinguished from other land-owners with regard to the game.
1766, William Blackstone, chapter 418, in Commentaries on the Laws of England, book II (Of the Rights of Things), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:
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(archaic, obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor ▸ The male head of a household, a father or husband.
Yes, here I am, my good friend; and here I have been so long, that anywhere else I should think it necessary to apologise; but, the truth is, that I am waiting for my lord and master.
1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter XVI, in Emma: […], volume III, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC, page 300:[…]thou worthie Lord, Of that vnworthie wife that greeteth thee
1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:Pet. Katherine, I charge thee, tell theſe head-ſtrong women, What dutie they doe owe their Lords and huſbands!
c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], line 131:Therefore Sarah laughed within her ſelfe, ſaying, After I am waxed old, ſhall I haue pleaſure, my lord being old alſo?
1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 18:12:
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(archaic, obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor ▸ The owner of a house, piece of land, or other possession
A mightie Lord of Swine!
ante''' 1637, Ben Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. i. 36Lord, the owner of the land in which a mine is situated is called the ‘lord’.
1874, J. H. Collins, “Principles of Metal Mining”, in Gloss, published 1875, 139/2:Turnus[…] Wrench'd from his feeble hold the shining Sword; And plung'd it in the Bosom of its Lord.
1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
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One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron)
It is a pytuouse case... whan subjectes rebell agaynst their naturall lorde.
1530, John Palsgrave, Lesclarcissement, 680/1:Man over men He made not Lord.
1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
- (historical) One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron) ▸ A feudal tenant holding his manor directly of the king
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One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron) ▸ A peer of the realm, particularly a temporal one
Princes, and noble Lords: What anſwer ſhall I make to this baſe man?
1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene 1], line 18:If such persone bee of the estate of a Lord, as Duc, Marques, Erle, Viscount or Baron.
1453, Rolls of Parliament, V. 266/2In origination of our Engliſh name Lord, vvhereby vve and the Scots ſtile all ſuch as are of the Greater Nobilitie i. Barons, as alſo Biſhops, its not eaſie to ſatisfie you.
1614, John Selden, chapter III, in Titles of Honor, London: […] William Stansby for Iohn Helme, […], →OCLC, 1st part, page 59:Men myghten lordis knowe
ante''' 1420, T. Hoccleve, De Regimine Principum, 442The Englishman of to-day still dearly loves a lord.
1900 July 21, Daily Express:
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(obsolete, uncommon) One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron) ▸ A baron or lesser nobleman, as opposed to greater ones
The Marquess played off the two Lords and the Baronet against his former friend.
1826, Benjamin Disraeli, Vivian Grey, II. iii. iii. 26:1526, W. Bonde, Pylgrimage of Perfection, i. sig. Bviiiv Farre excellyng the state of lordes, erles, dukes or kynges.
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One possessing similar mastery in figurative senses (esp. as lord of ~)
The masterful wind was up and out, shouting and chasing, the lord of the morning.
1895, Kenneth Graham, The Golden Age, London, page 8:The sonne is the lorde of planetes.
1398, Bartholomew de Glanville, translated by John Trevisa, De Proprietatibus Rerum, published 1495, viii. xvi. 322:O wityng bath god and ill Ȝee suld be lauerds at ȝour will.
ante''' 1300, Cursor Mundi, 782But are you still master of your domain? I am king of the county. You? Lord of the manor.
1992 November 18, Larry David, Seinfeld, 4.11: "The Contest"Love is Lord of all.
1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
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One possessing similar mastery in figurative senses (esp. as lord of ~) ▸ A magnate of a trade or profession.
Oh, Oh! The cotton Lords are tearing!
1823, W. Cobbett, Rural Rides, published 1885, I. 399:The Tobacco Lords were a group of Scottish merchants and slave traders who in the 18th century made enormous fortunes by trading in tobacco.
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The heavenly body considered to possess a dominant influence over an event, time, etc.
The assendent, & eke the lord of the assendent, may be shapen for to be fortunat or infortunat, as thus, a fortunat assendent clepen they whan þat no wykkid planete, as Saturne or Mars, or elles the tail of the dragoun, is in þe hows of the assendent.
c. 1391, Geoffrey Chaucer, Treatise on the Astrolabe, ii. §4:
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(UK, obsolete, slang) A hunchback.
Lord, a very crooked, deformed... Person.
1699, B.E., A new dictionary of the terms ancient and modern of the canting crew
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(Australia, UK, obsolete, qualifier:via Cockney rhyming slang) Sixpence.
Twenty years ago you might hear a sixpence described as a ‘Lord’ meaning ‘Lord of the Manor’; that is, a tanner.
1933 November 16, Times Literary Supplement, 782/1:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| lords | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
jerry-lord · mesne lord · lord of the flies · sweatlord · lordless · lord it over · banner lord · lord-dom · lord mesne · landlord · Lords Temporal · crime lord · Irish lord · drug lord · lordolatry · lord in gross · lordish · lordy · lord of the manor · Jew-Lord · lord and master · timelord · unlord · lich lord · lord protector · lord paramount · lordling · lordful · lordship · lord-fish · druglord · ganglord · lords' and ladies' fingers · House of Lords · overlord · lord of the bedchamber · lordhood · First Lord · lord of gingerbread · feudal lord · lordness · moneylord · lordly · chief lord · lords of creation · Lords Spiritual · lordlike · Lord Mayor · belord · laird · lordliness · lordlet · lort · lord-in-waiting · lorddom · lord superior · lord of the rings · lay lord · lord of all one surveys · lordkin · liege lord · slumlord · drunk as a lord · warlord · law lord · dragonlord · harvest lord · gutlord · shiplord
Descendants
লাট · lord · lordur · lord · לאָרד · lawd · laad · lord · lȍrd · lord · ло́рд · lod · laad · lord · ло̏рд · lorde · lod · λόρδος
Relateds
Synonyms
sovereign (master, owner) · proprietor (master, owner) · possessor (master, owner) · drighten (master, owner)
Translations (313)
el λόρδος (titled nobleman) · tft جوو (ruler, one having mastery over others) · zza ağa (ruler, one having mastery over others) · enm lord (aristocrat) · be валада́р (master of a household) · ar رَبّ (ruler, one having mastery over others) · gl señor (property owner) · cmn 君主 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · nl landheer (master of a household) · sq lekë (aristocrat) · mnc ᡝᠵᡝᠨ (master of a household) · hi अधिराज (titled nobleman) · sah тойон (master of a household) · sq zonjë (master of a household) · id prabu (titled nobleman) · enm lord (ruler, one having mastery over others) · af heer (master of a household) · mww tswv (ruler, one having mastery over others) · grc δεσπότης (titled nobleman) · got 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · el λόρδος (aristocrat) · el κύριος (master of a household) · gd tighearna (master of a household) · ca castellà (master of a household) · it signore (property owner) · pt senhor (titled nobleman) · pl właściciel (property owner) · he אדון (ruler, one having mastery over others) · af owerste (ruler, one having mastery over others) · mk властелин (ruler, one having mastery over others) · enm senyour (ruler, one having mastery over others) · da husherre (master of a household) · tr ağa (ruler, one having mastery over others) · mk го́сподар (titled nobleman) · hi अधिपति (property owner) · xvn froia (master of a household) · mk го́сподар (aristocrat) · kk әмірші (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fi lordi (aristocrat) · be вяльмо́жа (aristocrat) · fi aristokraatti (aristocrat) · nl overste (ruler, one having mastery over others) · el δεσπότης (aristocrat) · yi שׂררה (aristocrat) · okm 어비〮ᄆᆞᆮ (aristocrat) · sq zonjë (ruler, one having mastery over others) · grc μεδέων (ruler, one having mastery over others) · hi साहिब (master of a household) · bg лорд (aristocrat) · sq zot (ruler, one having mastery over others) · it signore (ruler, one having mastery over others) · tr toyun (aristocrat) · km ម្ចាស់ (master of a household) · nl heer (master of a household) · is herra (property owner) · br aotroù (property owner) · mk велможа (ruler, one having mastery over others) · pt senhor (ruler, one having mastery over others) · it signore (aristocrat) · ga tiarna (aristocrat) · tr baş (master of a household) · it nobildonna (titled nobleman) · cy arglwydd (aristocrat) · sco laird (property owner) · grc κύριος (property owner) · da herre (master of a household) · uk лорд (aristocrat) · mww tswv (master of a household) · id tuan (property owner) · ang hlāford (master of a household) · fr châtelain (master of a household) · be пан (titled nobleman) · uk госпо́дар (master of a household) · tr bey (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fa کدخدا (master of a household) · fi ylhäisyys (aristocrat) · id prabu (ruler, one having mastery over others) · dsb kněz (aristocrat) · fi maanomistaja (property owner) · gl casteleiro (master of a household) · pal 𐭡𐭢𐭩 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · sq zot (property owner) · io kastelestro (master of a household) · ca senyor (property owner) · el δεσπότης (ruler, one having mastery over others) · cmn 領主 /领主 (master of a household) · sq lekë (ruler, one having mastery over others) · sa प्रभु (ruler, one having mastery over others) · tr efendi (ruler, one having mastery over others) · pt senhor (property owner) · grc ἄναξ (master of a household) · bg лорд (titled nobleman) · ru хозя́ин (master of a household) · grc ἄναξ (property owner) · el αφέντης (ruler, one having mastery over others) · vi chủ nhân (master of a household) · mk лорд (titled nobleman) · da lensherre (aristocrat) · hi अधिपति (titled nobleman) · tl poon (master of a household) · da godsejer (property owner) · grc δεσπότης (property owner) · sq zonjë (aristocrat) · el αφέντης (property owner) · sq zot (aristocrat) · tr kağan (ruler, one having mastery over others) · is herra (master of a household) · la dominus (master of a household) · got 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (master of a household) · mk ве́лможа (titled nobleman) · oc lòrd (aristocrat) · syc ܡܪܐ (property owner) · nah tecutli (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ru владе́лец (property owner) · km លោកព្រឹទ្ធាចារ្យ (property owner) · ga tiarna (master of a household) · gd triath (property owner) · fr seigneur (aristocrat) · tr reis (master of a household) · fi isäntä (property owner) · es castellano (master of a household) · gl dono (master of a household) · hi अधिपति (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fi kartanonherra (property owner) · kk әмірші (titled nobleman) · it nobile (titled nobleman) · ko 주 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fi johtaja (ruler, one having mastery over others) · is lávarður (aristocrat) · af heer (aristocrat) · sh gospodar (master of a household) · mk вла́стелин (aristocrat) · km ប្ដី (master of a household) · da lord (aristocrat) · hi साहब (master of a household) · xvn froia (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fa خدیو (ruler, one having mastery over others) · km ចៅ (titled nobleman) · tr erk (master of a household) · fa کدیور (master of a household) · eu jaun (master of a household) · ja 卿 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · el άρχοντας (aristocrat) · uk воло́дар (master of a household) · da herre (ruler, one having mastery over others) · zza herogırse (aristocrat) · ru властели́н (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ru вельмо́жа (titled nobleman) · qu qhapaq (ruler, one having mastery over others) · oc senhor (aristocrat) · bg властелин (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fi valtias (ruler, one having mastery over others) · mk господар (ruler, one having mastery over others) · gl señor (ruler, one having mastery over others) · yi אָדון (aristocrat) · pl pan (ruler, one having mastery over others) · cs pán (ruler, one having mastery over others) · cmn 领主 (master of a household) · fro seignor (property owner) · ang hlāford (property owner) · sq zonjë (property owner) · la dominus (property owner) · ru вельмо́жа (aristocrat) · uk хазя́їн (master of a household) · tr bey (master of a household) · hi अधिपति (aristocrat) · br aotrou (ruler, one having mastery over others) · nah tecutli (titled nobleman) · oc senhor (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fro seignor (aristocrat) · hi मालिक (master of a household) · gl coime (master of a household) · gl señor (master of a household) · fa لرد (titled nobleman) · egy nb (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fa خداوندگار (aristocrat) · hu lord (titled nobleman) · da herre (property owner) · nl landheer (aristocrat) · zza wêr (property owner) · es señor (property owner) · tr iye (property owner) · gl amo (property owner) · vi quý tộc (aristocrat) · hu úr (master of a household) · bg господар (ruler, one having mastery over others) · de Herr (aristocrat) · mk сто́пан (master of a household) · hi अधिपति (master of a household) · fi omistaja (property owner) · gl patrón (master of a household) · mk го́сподар (master of a household) · la dominus (aristocrat) · vi ông chủ (master of a household) · zza beg (diq) (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fa سرور (ruler, one having mastery over others) · km លោកម្ចាស់ (titled nobleman) · yi לאָרד (aristocrat) · be гаспада́р (master of a household) · ru лорд (titled nobleman) · mk го́сподар (property owner) · el άρχοντας (ruler, one having mastery over others) · az bəy (ruler, one having mastery over others) · it nobiluomo (titled nobleman) · pt lorde (aristocrat) · bg со́бственик (property owner) · fa ارباب (property owner) · es lord (titled nobleman) · grc ἄναξ (ruler, one having mastery over others) · el πυργοδεσπότης (master of a household) · hy տեր (property owner) · cmn 統治者 /统治者 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · eo lordo (master of a household) · he אדון (master of a household) · tr toyun (titled nobleman) · id tuan (master of a household) · cs pán (aristocrat) · syc ܪܘܪܒܐ (aristocrat) · mww tswv (property owner) · tr sahip (property owner) · pt senhor (aristocrat) · grc κύριος (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ja 主 (master of a household) · enm senyour (aristocrat) · grc δεσπότης (ruler, one having mastery over others) · fi hallitsija (ruler, one having mastery over others) · hi अधिराज (ruler, one having mastery over others) · pl lord (titled nobleman) · pl lord (aristocrat) · uk вельмо́жа (aristocrat) · tr beyefendi (aristocrat) · oc senhor (property owner) · sv herre (ruler, one having mastery over others) · syc ܡܪܐ (aristocrat) · fr seigneur (ruler, one having mastery over others) · hi खुदा (ruler, one having mastery over others) · km លោកនាយ (ruler, one having mastery over others) · grc πρύτανις (aristocrat) · ru повели́тель (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ca senyor (ruler, one having mastery over others) · grc ἄναξ (aristocrat) · sq lekë (titled nobleman) · cs aristokrat (aristocrat) · gl dono (property owner) · el ευγενής (titled nobleman) · pl gospodarz (master of a household) · nl heer (ruler, one having mastery over others) · tr beyefendi (titled nobleman) · tr efendi (property owner) · fr lord (aristocrat) · vi lãnh chúa (master of a household) · arc מָרָא (aristocrat) · gd tighearna (property owner) · mk лорд (aristocrat) · vi chúa (master of a household) · sq zot (master of a household) · tr efendi (master of a household) · ru власти́тель (property owner) · de Gebieter (property owner) · fi aatelismies (titled nobleman) · grc πρύτανις (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ru господи́н (property owner) · bg стопанин (master of a household) · bg господар (master of a household) · be пан (aristocrat) · cmn 貴族 /贵族 (aristocrat) · ru влады́ка (ruler, one having mastery over others) · da hersker (aristocrat) · vi lãnh chúa (ruler, one having mastery over others) · zza wahêr (diq) (property owner) · pal 𐭧𐭥𐭣𐭠𐭩 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · cmn 領主 /领主 (ruler, one having mastery over others) · grc κύριος (master of a household) · da husbond (master of a household) · mi rōre (aristocrat) · pt lorde (titled nobleman) · sv herre (master of a household) · zza wayêr (master of a household) · gd tighearna (aristocrat) · fi isäntä (master of a household) · nl heer (titled nobleman) · sq lekë (property owner) · be лорд (aristocrat) · grc κοίρανος (ruler, one having mastery over others) · got 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (property owner) · mk ве́лможа (aristocrat) · arc מָרָא (property owner) · is húsbóndi (master of a household) · grc δεσπότης (master of a household) · fi herra (master of a household) · km ចៅហ្វាយ (ruler, one having mastery over others) · tr ağa (property owner) · fr monsieur (aristocrat) · id prabu (aristocrat) · af heer (titled nobleman) · fi aatelinen (titled nobleman) · el κύριος (property owner) · pt castelão (master of a household) · it castellano (master of a household) · tr hakan (ruler, one having mastery over others) · hi प्रभु (ruler, one having mastery over others) · ar رَبّ (master of a household) · el ευγενής (aristocrat) · ru лорд (aristocrat) · hu úr (ruler, one having mastery over others) · hi अधिराज (aristocrat) · fro seignor (ruler, one having mastery over others) · nah tecutli (aristocrat) · hi स्वामी (aristocrat) · km ម្ចាស់ (property owner) · got 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 (aristocrat) · da hersker (ruler, one having mastery over others) · gl castelao (master of a household)