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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

sovereign en · ADJ

Pronunciation

  • /ˈsɑvɚn/ (General-American)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ (General-American)

Etymology

From Middle English sovereyn, from Old French soverain (whence also modern French souverain), from Vulgar Latin *superānus (compare Italian sovrano, Spanish soberano) from Latin super (“above”). Spelling influenced by folk-etymology association with reign. Doublet of soprano, from the same Latin root via Italian. Doublet of souverain. See also suzerain, foreign.

Meanings

  1. Exercising power of rule.
    • sovereign nation
    • Native American nations have often been described as sovereign nations, although as regards present-day diplomacy they are, more precisely speaking, autonomous.
  2. Exercising power of rule. ▸ Having supreme, ultimate power; (often specifically, of a polity) having fully independent power in international relations.
    • sovereign country
    • You're the keeper of the castle So be a father to your children The provider of all their daily needs Like a sovereign Lord protector Be their destiny's director And they'll do well to follow where you lead. 1972, Brian Potter, Dennis Lambert, “Keeper of the Castle”, performed by The Four Tops:
    • Gentlemen, may I introduce Her Royal Highness, the Sovereign and Most Imperial Majesty, Empress Elizabeth of Vicron.
    • Near-synonym: supreme
  3. Exceptional in quality.
    • Her voice was her sovereign talent.
  4. (archaic) Extremely potent or effective (of a medicine, remedy etc.).
    • The ſoueraigne weede betwixt two marbles plaine She pownded ſmall, and did in peeces bruze, And then atweene her lilly handes twaine, Into his wound the iuyce thereof did ſcruze […] 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto V”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
    • Homer of Moly and Nepenthe singes: Moly, the gods most soveraigne hearbe divine. Nepenth Hellen's drink, which gladnes brings,— Hart's greife repells, and doth yᵉ witts refine. 1876, John Davies, “[Tobacco.]”, in Alexander B[alloch] Grosart, editor, The Complete Poems of Sir John Davies. Edited, with Memorial-Introduction and Notes, by the Rev. Alexander B. Grosart. In Two Volumes (Early English Poets), volume II, London: Chatto and Windus, Piccadilly, →OCLC, page 226:
    • […] God save the mark!— And telling me the sovereign’st thing on earth Was parmaceti for an inward bruise; c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
    • In Spain people still bathe in the sea or roll naked in the dew of the meadows on St. John’s Eve, believing that this is a sovereign preservative against diseases of the skin. 1900, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 3, page 297:
    • Such a sovereign influence has this passion upon the regulation of the lives and actions of men. 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
    • a sovereign remedy 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):
  5. Princely; royal.
    • You pity not the state, nor the remembrance of his most sovereign name. c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
  6. Predominant; greatest; utmost; paramount.
    • We acknowledge him [God] our sovereign good. [1594], Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Iohn Windet, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page):

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
sovring alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic
soveraign alternative, archaic lexicographic
more sovereign Degree=Cmp lexicographic
most sovereign Degree=Sup lexicographic
sovran alternative, archaic lexicographic
soveraigne alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovrin alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic

Coordinates

autonomous · semisovereign · self-governing

Deriveds

sovereign territory · omnisovereign · sovereign bond · sovereigndom · nonsovereign · sovereign ring · sovereign citizen · sovereign debt · intersovereign · sovereigness · sovereign state · sovereignship · sovereignize · sovereignness · sovereignism · cosovereign · sovereignly · sovereign immunity · sovereign wealth fund · intrasovereign · unsovereign · undersovereign · sovereignist · sovereignhood · sovereignization

Synonyms

supreme

Translations (94)

ky суверенитеттүү (exercising power of rule) · uz mustaqil (exercising power of rule) · tr egemen (exercising power of rule) · sk zvrchovaný (exercising power of rule) · ro suveran (exercising power of rule) · ga ceannasach (exercising power of rule) · uz suveren (exercising power of rule) · ko 자주적 (exercising power of rule) · grc ἀρχικός (exercising power of rule) · ca sobirà (exercising power of rule) · sl suveren (exercising power of rule) · nl soeverein (exercising power of rule) · ka დამოუკიდებელი (exercising power of rule) · be сувэрэ́нны (exercising power of rule) · el κυρίαρχος (exercising power of rule) · kk егемен (exercising power of rule) · hi स्वायत्त (exercising power of rule) · ro suveran (exceptional in quality) · ug مۇستەقىل (exercising power of rule) · ar مُسْتَقِلّ (exercising power of rule) · nb suveren (exercising power of rule) · it eccezionale (exceptional in quality) · lt suverenus (exercising power of rule) · eo suverena (exercising power of rule) · cmn 自主的 (exercising power of rule) · hu szuverén (exercising power of rule) · kk егеменді (exercising power of rule) · hy ինքնիշխան (exercising power of rule) · bg сувере́нен (exercising power of rule) · ru сувере́нный (exercising power of rule) · ko 독립되다 (exercising power of rule) · te సర్వసత్తాక (exercising power of rule) · fi ylivertainen (exceptional in quality) · mk суверен (exercising power of rule) · fi suvereeni (exceptional in quality) · sh су̀верен (exercising power of rule) · ja 卓越した (exceptional in quality) · cmn 獨立的 /独立的 (exercising power of rule) · ka სრულუფლებიანი (exercising power of rule) · et suveräänne (exercising power of rule) · ps مستقل (exercising power of rule) · gv ard-reeoil (exercising power of rule) · ky эгемен (exercising power of rule) · it sovrano (exercising power of rule) · el ηγεμονικός (exercising power of rule) · fi erinomainen (exceptional in quality) · es soberano (exercising power of rule) · ja 独立した (exercising power of rule) · te సార్వభౌమ (exercising power of rule) · fi itsenäinen (exercising power of rule) · vo soveränik (exercising power of rule) · fa مستقل (exercising power of rule) · bg превъзхо́ден (exceptional in quality) · ka სუვერენული (exercising power of rule) · cs suverénní (exercising power of rule) · is fullvalda (exercising power of rule) · hi सार्वभौम (exercising power of rule) · oc sobeiran (exercising power of rule) · ga ardcheannasach (exercising power of rule) · cs svrchovaný (exercising power of rule) · sq sovran (exercising power of rule) · id berdaulat (exercising power of rule) · ja 自立した (exercising power of rule) · fr souverain (exercising power of rule) · ja 自主的な (exercising power of rule) · fi suvereeni (exercising power of rule) · ast soberanu (exercising power of rule) · da suveræn (exercising power of rule) · sv självständig (exercising power of rule) · az müstəqil (exercising power of rule) · pl suwerenny (exercising power of rule) · it supremo (exceptional in quality) · tg мустақил (exercising power of rule) · fi täysivaltainen (exercising power of rule) · ia soveran (exercising power of rule) · sv suverän (exercising power of rule) · gl soberano (exercising power of rule) · ky эгемендик (exercising power of rule) · tr müstakil (exercising power of rule) · lv suverēns (exercising power of rule) · pt soberano (exercising power of rule) · uk сувере́нний (exercising power of rule) · sh sùveren (exercising power of rule) · vi chủ quyền (exercising power of rule) · ru превосхо́дный (exceptional in quality) · de souverän (exercising power of rule) · eu subirano (exercising power of rule) · pl niezależny (exercising power of rule) · ka სრულძალაუფლებიანი (exercising power of rule) · az suveren (exercising power of rule) · sk suverénny (exercising power of rule) · sv suverän (exceptional in quality) · pl niepodległy (exercising power of rule) · ky суверендүү (exercising power of rule)

sovereign en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • /ˈsɑvɚn/ (General-American)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ (General-American)

Etymology

From Middle English sovereyn, from Old French soverain (whence also modern French souverain), from Vulgar Latin *superānus (compare Italian sovrano, Spanish soberano) from Latin super (“above”). Spelling influenced by folk-etymology association with reign. Doublet of soprano, from the same Latin root via Italian. Doublet of souverain. See also suzerain, foreign.

Meanings

  1. A monarch: a supreme ruler of a country in a monarchical system.
    • Is this the Region, this the Soil, the Clime, Said then the lost Archangel, this the seat That we must change for Heaven?, this mournful gloom For that celestial light? Be it so, since hee Who now is Sovran can dispose and bid What shall be right : fardest from him is best Whom reason hath equald, force hath made supream Above his equals. […] 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 242-249:
    • No question is to be made but that the bed of the Missisippi^([sic]) belongs to the sovereign, that is, to the nation. 1785, Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia:
    • The petty ſtreames that paie a dailie det To their ſalt ſoveraigne with their freſh fals haſt, Adde to his flowe, but alter not his taſt. 1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:
  2. One who is not a subject to a ruler or nation.
  3. (abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis) One who is not a subject to a ruler or nation. ▸ Ellipsis of sovereign citizen.
    • A loose network of perhaps tens of thousands of far-right antigovernment extremists, sovereigns share certain conspiratorial beliefs and, sometimes, a desire to profit off a government whose legitimacy they deny. 2019 March 29, Ashley Powers, “How Sovereign Citizens Helped Swindle $1 Billion From the Government They Disavow”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
  4. A gold coin of the United Kingdom, with a nominal value of one pound sterling but in practice used as a bullion coin.
  5. A former Australian gold coin, minted from 1855–1931, of one pound value.
  6. A very large champagne bottle with the capacity of about 25 liters, equivalent to 33+¹⁄₃ standard bottles.
  7. Any butterfly of the tribe Nymphalini, or genus Basilarchia, eg., ursula, viceroy.
  8. (UK, slang) A large, garish ring; a sovereign ring.
    • No, someone who wears loads of sovereigns as well loads of gold and has uh a curly perm and peroxide blonde hair, orange, orange sunbed skin and a fringe like this blow-dried to death, that’s a ‘scally’. 2004, December 11, "Birkenhead, Merseyside" BBC Voices recording (0:06:52)
    • No visible tattoos, sovereigns, mismatched jewellery, scrunchies, large clips or hoop earrings. 2011 July 1, Caroline Davies, “Harrods 'ladies' code' drives out sales assistant”, in The Guardian:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
soveraigne alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovereigns Number=Plur lexicographic
sovring alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic
soveraign alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovrin alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic
sovran alternative, archaic lexicographic

Coordinates

regent · prince regent · princess regent

Deriveds

sovereignty · gold sovereign · quarter sovereign

Descendants

соверен · sòbharan · sabhran · சவரன் · sofren

Hypernyms

leader · person · ruler

Relateds

half sovereign

Synonyms

monarch

Translations (119)

ta பவுன் (coin) · ru влады́ка (monarch) · ba батша (monarch) · ru повели́тель (monarch) · mk владетел (monarch) · sv suverän (monarch) · ru мона́рх (monarch) · ja 君主 (monarch) · sh suvèrēn (monarch) · fr souverain (very large champagne bottle) · io rejo (monarch) · ka მონარქი (monarch) · ro suveran (monarch) · ota قرال (monarch) · ru госуда́рыня (monarch) · ru власти́тель (monarch) · sk vládca (monarch) · bg повели́тел (monarch) · sh vlàdār (monarch) · sh вла̀да̄р (monarch) · ba хаким (monarch) · nl vorst (monarch) · gv ard-ree (monarch) · ka სუვერენი (monarch) · sl vladar (monarch) · ru повели́тельница (monarch) · pl suweren (coin) · fr souverain (monarch) · be валада́р (monarch) · gd sòbhran (coin) · ru госуда́рь (monarch) · uk госуда́р (monarch) · be мана́рх (monarch) · ga sabhran (coin) · gl soberana (monarch) · fi punnan kultaraha (coin) · gd sòbharan (coin) · nl soeverein (monarch) · ca sobirà (monarch) · ota شاه (monarch) · id penguasa (monarch) · grc ἡγεμών (monarch) · de Herrscher (monarch) · da suveræn (monarch) · ml സർവ്വാധികാരി (monarch) · hu uralkodó (monarch) · el ηγεμόνας (monarch) · mk соверин (coin) · fi sovereign (very large champagne bottle) · ka სუვერენული მონარქი (monarch) · nb suveren (monarch) · uk госпо́дар (monarch) · fi hallitsija (monarch) · pt soberana (one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation) · tl higpuno (monarch) · txb kamartīke (monarch) · pt soberano (one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation) · pt soberano (monarch) · es soberano (coin) · mk суверен (monarch) · fr souverain (one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation) · pl suweren (monarch) · bg сувере́н (coin) · be суверэ́н (monarch) · es coya (monarch) · mi awherangi (coin) · pl władca (monarch) · ar مَلِك (monarch) · cy sofren (coin) · bg зла́тна ли́ра (coin) · ta சவரன் (coin) · cs vládce (monarch) · hi अधिराज (monarch) · hi सम्राट (monarch) · cu владꙑка (monarch) · cmn 君主 (monarch) · tr kral (monarch) · ga(monarch) · pt soberana (monarch) · ga banríon (monarch) · gv punt airhey (coin) · mi karaune (coin) · ne सार्वभौम (one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation) · da hersker (monarch) · ko 군주 (monarch) · ia soverano (monarch) · be улада́р (monarch) · ota ملك (monarch) · ru со́верен (coin) · sv monark (monarch) · fr souverain (coin) · ca sobirà (coin) · uk волода́р (monarch) · sk panovník (monarch) · vo soveran (monarch) · cs panovník (monarch) · bg сувере́н (monarch) · eo suvereno (monarch) · gl soberano (monarch) · uk сувере́н (monarch) · it sovrano (monarch) · be улады́ка (monarch) · sv regent (monarch) · fi monarkki (monarch) · be сувэрэ́н (monarch) · sh сувѐре̄н (monarch) · ru сувере́н (monarch) · pt suserano (monarch) · be гаспада́р (monarch) · mk владар (monarch) · ru власти́тельница (monarch) · uk влади́ка (monarch) · es soberano (monarch) · nb hersker (monarch) · cs suverén (monarch) · de Souverän (monarch) · uk мона́рх (monarch) · uk влада́р (monarch) · ar عَاهِل (monarch)

sovereign en · VERB

Pronunciation

  • /ˈsɑvɚn/ (General-American)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈsɒv.ɹɪn/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /ˈsɑv(ə)ɹɪn/ (General-American)

Etymology

From Middle English sovereyn, from Old French soverain (whence also modern French souverain), from Vulgar Latin *superānus (compare Italian sovrano, Spanish soberano) from Latin super (“above”). Spelling influenced by folk-etymology association with reign. Doublet of soprano, from the same Latin root via Italian. Doublet of souverain. See also suzerain, foreign.

Meanings

  1. (transitive) To rule over as a sovereign.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
sovrin alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic
soveraign alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovring alternative, pronunciation-spelling lexicographic
sovereigned Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
sovereigned Tense=Past lexicographic
soveraigne alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovereigning Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
sovran alternative, archaic lexicographic
sovereigns Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic