Dictionary

hydrogen en · NOUN

Pronunciation

hī'drəjən (Canada, General-American)
/ˈhɑɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ (British, Southern, Standard)
/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ (Received-Pronunciation)
[ˈhaɪ̯d͡ʒɹəd͡ʒən] (Canada, General-American)
(General-American) audio
[ˈhaɪ̯d͡ʒəd͡ʒən] (Canada, General-American, sometimes)
/ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ (Canada, General-American)
audio
(dialectal) audio North Carolina

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *wed- Proto-Indo-European *-r̥ Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ Proto-Hellenic *údōr Ancient Greek ῡ̆̔́δωρ (hū̆́dōr) Ancient Greek ὑδρο- (hudro-)lbor. French hydro- Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os Proto-Hellenic *génos Ancient Greek γένος (génos) Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ēs Proto-Hellenic *-ēs Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs) Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs)lbor. French -gène French hydrogènebor. English hydrogen Borrowed from French hydrogène (“hydrogen”), coined by the French chemists Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau (1737–1816) and Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794) from hydro- (prefix meaning ‘water’) + -gène (suffix denoting a producer of something), from the fact that water is produced as a compound when hydrogen is oxidized. * The prefix hydro- is borrowed from Ancient Greek ῠ̔δρο- (hŭdro-), from ῡ̆̔́δωρ (hū̆́dōr, “water”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wed- (“water”). * The suffix -gène is borrowed from Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs, suffix meaning ‘born in a certain condition or place’), from γένος (génos, “descendant, offspring; race; etc.”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, produce; to give birth”)) + -ης (-ēs, suffix forming some third-declension adjectives). By surface analysis, hydro- (prefix meaning ‘water’) + -gen (suffix denoting a producer of something).

Meanings

(uncountable) The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008.
- The ignis fatuus or Jack a lantern, ſo frequently alluded to by poets, is ſuppoſed to originate from the inflammable air, or Hydrogene, given up from moraſſes; […] 1791, [Erasmus Darwin], “Canto I”, in The Botanic Garden; a Poem, in Two Parts. […], London: J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, part I (The Economy of Vegetation), footnote, page 18:
- Our professor then reminded us that a hydrogen ion is merely a proton, and thus we should think about acid-base theory as we consider this problem further.
- Water is the sole product of the combustion of hydrogen gas. For this important fact we are indebted to Mr. [Henry] Cavendish. He demonstrated it by burning oxygen and hydrogen gases in a dry glass vessel, when a quantity of pure water was generated exactly equal in weight to that of the gases which had disappeared. 1827, Edward Turner, “Section IV. Hydrogen.”, in Elements of Chemistry: Including the Recent Discoveries and Doctrines of the Science, Edinburgh: […] William Tait, […]; and Charles Tait, […], part II (Inorganic Chemistry), page 160:
- It was an enormous balloon filled with helium, that elemental gas forged from hydrogen in the nuclear furnace of the stars, first step along the way in the generation of multiplicity and variety of matter in the universe, including our selves and all our thoughts. 1997, Ian McEwan, chapter 1, in Enduring Love, [United Kingdom]: The Softback Preview, →OCLC, page 3:
- But my Leech—a leech / Fit to suck blood, with lubricous round rings, / Capaciously expatiative, which make / His little body like a red balloon, / As full of blood as that of hydrogen, / Sucked from men's hearts; […] 1820, Sophocles, “Œdipus Tyrannus; or, Swellfoot the Tyrant. A Tragedy, in Two Acts. […]”, in Percy Bysshe Shelley, transl., edited by [Mary] Shelley, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], new edition, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1840, →OCLC, Act I, page 184:
(countable) The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008. ▸ An atom of this element.
- Each carbon of the ring has one hydrogen attached except for the fourth one, which is bonded to a substituent.
- Water occupies an intermediate position and shows tendencies both to add and give up hydrogen, which are nearly balanced. Then, in terms of the Lewis theory, a free pair of electrons on one water molecule might be able to exert sufficient force on a hydrogen held by a pair of electrons on another water molecule to bind the two molecules together. 1920 July, Wendell M[itchell] Latimer, Worth H. Rodebush, “Polarity and Ionization from the Standpoint of the Lewis Theory of Valence”, in Arthur B. Lamb, editor, The Journal of the American Chemical Society, volume XLII, number 7, Easton, Pa.: Eschenbach Printing Company [for the American Chemical Society], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1431:
- [H]ydrogens are also classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the type of carbon to which each is bonded. Those attached to primary carbons are classified as primary hydrogens, those on secondary carbons are secondary hydrogens, and those on tertiary carbons are tertiary hydrogens. Hydrogen atoms in a compound can be divided into equivalent sets. Equivalent hydrogens have the same chemical environment. A direct way to determine which hydrogens in a molecule are equivalent is to replace each in turn by a "test atom," as for example a halogen atom. 1995, William H. Brown, “Alkanes and Cycloalkanes”, in Organic Chemistry, Fort Worth, Tex.; Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders College Publishing; Harcourt Brace College Publishers, →ISBN, page 62:
(uncountable) Molecular hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H₂), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature.
- [Jacques] Charles was the first to send up a hydrogen balloon, 12 feet in diameter, which rose 3,123 feet, disappeared in the clouds, and fell at the distance of 15 miles. 1845 February 8, “Balloons”, in Theodore Dwight, Jr., editor, American Penny Magazine, and Family Newspaper, volume I, number 1, New York, N.Y.: Express Office, […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 12, column 1:
- As the tension between the Soviets and the United States increased from 1948 to 1950, the administration took a number of actions that [George Frost] Kennan felt narrowed the possibilities for constructive negotiations between the two nations. These actions included the decisions to build the hydrogen bomb, to maintain American troops in Japan after the formal occupation was over, to create an independent West German state, and to form the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 1991 August, Stanley E. Spangler, “Kennan, Containment, and Carrots”, in Force and Accommodation in World Politics, Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala.: Air University Press, →ISBN, part 1 (Factors Inhibiting Accommodative Diplomacy since World War II), pages 32–33:
- A large tank of hydrogen constituted most of the bulk of that rocket.
- To this end the Department of Science and Technology has identified the hydrogen economy and related fuel cell technologies as a "Frontier Science and Technology Area" that could potentially change the innovation course of the country's natural resources, and yield multiple social and economic benefits. 2005, F. W. Petersen, S. E. T. Bullock, “Sustainable Development Indicators—Some Technological Changes Made in the South African Mining and Resources Sector to Meet the Challenge”, in Roberto C[errini] Villas-Bôas [et al.], editors, A Review on Indicators of Sustainability for the Minerals Extraction Industries, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: CETEM/CNPq/CYTED, →ISBN, part 2 (Indicators: Some Facts, Exercises and Proposals), page 162:
(countable) Molecular hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H₂), a colourless, odourless and flammable gas at room temperature. ▸ A molecule of this molecular species.
(uncountable) Synonym of protium (“the lightest and most common isotope of hydrogen (sense 1; symbol H, ¹H, or 11H), as contrasted with deuterium and tritium”).
- Both hydrogen and deuterium are present in every glass of water that you drink, but the amount of deuterium is rather small.
- Hydrogen is generally considered to be electronically the same as deuterium. […] Neutron diffraction experiments by Ferguson, Schindler, Tanaka, and Morita (ref. 4) revealed that, near 50K, some hydrogen had moved from interstitial octahedral sites (0, 0, 1/2; 1/2, 0, 0; …) of the palladium lattice to the tetrahedral sites (1/4, 1/4, 1/4; 3/4, 3/4; …) (O-T transitions). 1969 September, Dumas A. Otterson, Robert J. Smith, “Introduction”, in Absorption of Hydrogen by Palladium and Electrical Resistivity up to Hydrogen-Palladium Atom Ratios of 0.97 (NASA Technical Note; D-5441), Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, →OCLC, page 2:

Forms

Spelling	Features	Labels	Source
hydrogens	Number=Plur		lexicographic

Deriveds

Descendants

ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင်

Hyponyms

hydrogen hydride (molecule) · tritium (3 nucleons) (isotopes) · tritium deuteride (molecule) · protium tritide (molecule) · deuterium deuteride (molecule) · tritium tritride (molecule) · protium (isotopes) · hydrogen tritide (molecule) · protium hydride (molecule) · deuterium hydride (molecule) · deuterium protide (molecule) · hyperhydrogen (isotopes) · orthohydrogen (molecule) · dihydrogen (molecule) · protium protide (molecule) · deuterium tritide (molecule) · deuterium (isotopes) · protium deuteride (molecule) · tritium protide (molecule) · normal hydrogen (1 nucleon) (isotopes) · heavy hydrogen (2 nucleons) (isotopes) · tritium hydride (molecule) · parahydrogen (molecule) · hydrogen deuteride (molecule) · hydrogen protide (molecule)

hydride · hydro- · hydrion · hydrogenase · hydr- · mul:H · mul:H · hydronium · hydrogenite · hydrate

Synonyms

hydrogen air (element) · inflammable air (element) · protium · hydrogenium (element) · waterstuff (element) · E949 (molecule) · dihydrogen (molecule) · hydrogen gas (element) · element 1 (element) · hydrogen hydride (molecule)

Translations (238)

wa idrodjinne (lightest chemical element) · ar هَيْدُرُوجِين (lightest chemical element) · nv háájiʼjin (lightest chemical element) · lb Waasserstoff (lightest chemical element) · tk wodorod (lightest chemical element) · jv hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · ta நீரகம் (lightest chemical element) · ms zat air (lightest chemical element) · izh vodoroda (lightest chemical element) · nan-hbl 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · sh vòdīk (lightest chemical element) · yi הידראָגען (lightest chemical element) · haw haikokene (lightest chemical element) · ln idrojɛ́ní (lightest chemical element) · ur ہائیڈروجن (lightest chemical element) · mi hauwai (lightest chemical element) · vi hi-đrô (lightest chemical element) · pt hidrogênio (atom of this element) · xmf წყარბადიშ (lightest chemical element) · cdo 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · hi उदजन (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · vep vezinik (lightest chemical element) · pt hidrogênio (lightest chemical element) · hak 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · ota مولدالما (lightest chemical element) · da hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · nl waterstof (lightest chemical element) · si ජලකර (lightest chemical element) · rue гідроґе́н (lightest chemical element) · de Hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · la hydrogenium (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · oc idrogèn (lightest chemical element) · sw hidrojeni (lightest chemical element) · gu ઉદજન (lightest chemical element) · to ʻeavai (lightest chemical element) · hu köneny (lightest chemical element) · co idrogenu (lightest chemical element) · no vass-stoff (lightest chemical element) · sq hidrogjen (lightest chemical element) · chr ᏭᏓᏌᎧᎯᏴ ᎤᏃᎴ (lightest chemical element) · ne उदजन (lightest chemical element) · sv väte (lightest chemical element) · uk во́день (lightest chemical element) · ko 수소 (lightest chemical element) · lo ອິດໂລເຊນ (lightest chemical element) · myv ведь чачтый (lightest chemical element) · ltg iudineklis (lightest chemical element) · ta ஹைட்ரஜன் (lightest chemical element) · gbm उदजन (lightest chemical element) · ms hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · ru водород (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · yue 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · xh umngxengamoya (lightest chemical element) · st sehlolametsi (lightest chemical element) · fo vatnevni (lightest chemical element) · stq Woaterstof (lightest chemical element) · eo hidrogeno (lightest chemical element) · vls woaterstof (lightest chemical element) · ia hydrogeno (lightest chemical element) · te ఉదజని (lightest chemical element) · de Wasserstoff (lightest chemical element) · rue во́день (lightest chemical element) · tr hidrojen (lightest chemical element) · nn vass-stoff (lightest chemical element) · vi hyđrô (lightest chemical element) · mn ᠤᠰᠤᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠴᠢ (lightest chemical element) · cy ulai (lightest chemical element) · am ሃይድሮጅን (lightest chemical element) · ru водоро́д (lightest chemical element) · id hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · et vesinik (lightest chemical element) · lv ūdeņradis (lightest chemical element) · my ဟိုက်ဒရိုဂျင် (lightest chemical element) · th ไฮโดรเจน (lightest chemical element) · ceb hidroheno (lightest chemical element) · sh vodonik (lightest chemical element) · bn হাইড্রোজেন (lightest chemical element) · hu gyulany (lightest chemical element) · bho उदजन (lightest chemical element) · frr wååderstuf (lightest chemical element) · nn vasstoff (lightest chemical element) · ab аӡри (lightest chemical element) · ht idwojèn (lightest chemical element) · tr müvellidülmâ (lightest chemical element) · kpv вачужысь (lightest chemical element) · os донгуыр (lightest chemical element) · xal үстөр (lightest chemical element) · kk сутек (lightest chemical element) · hak 氫氣 /氢气 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · yue 氫氣 /氢气 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · or ଉଦ୍ଜାନ (lightest chemical element) · srn watraskotriki (lightest chemical element) · gmw-cfr Wasserstoff (lightest chemical element) · el υδρογόνο (lightest chemical element) · kmr hîdrojen (lightest chemical element) · kfr ઉદજન (lightest chemical element) · ug ھىدروگېن (lightest chemical element) · yi וואַסערשטאָף (lightest chemical element) · sh водоник (lightest chemical element) · nds-de Waterstoff (lightest chemical element) · gur ko'om-walʋm (lightest chemical element) · be воднік (lightest chemical element) · az مولدالماء (lightest chemical element) · tl idroheno (lightest chemical element) · hi उदजन (lightest chemical element) · ro hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · an hidrocheno (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · cs vodík (lightest chemical element) · io hidrogeno (lightest chemical element) · ar هِيدْرُوجِين (lightest chemical element) · an hidrocheno (lightest chemical element) · kn ಜಲಜನಕ (lightest chemical element) · id zat air (lightest chemical element) · vro vesinik (lightest chemical element) · pl wodór (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · de Hydrogenium (lightest chemical element) · is vetni (lightest chemical element) · fur idrogjen (lightest chemical element) · mdf ведьшачфты (lightest chemical element) · sa उदजन (lightest chemical element) · af waterstof-atoom (atom of this element) · bg водород (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · iu ᐳᓪᓚᕐᓂᐅᕿᓐᓂᖅᐹᖅ (lightest chemical element) · nah āyōcoxqui (lightest chemical element) · dsb wóźik (lightest chemical element) · ca hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · ky суутек (lightest chemical element) · pl wodór (lightest chemical element) · km អ៊ីដ្រូសែន (lightest chemical element) · be вадаро́д (lightest chemical element) · scn idrògginu (lightest chemical element) · qu idruhinu (lightest chemical element) · tg гидроген (lightest chemical element) · pt hidrogénio (lightest chemical element) · ast hidróxenu (lightest chemical element) · doi उदजन (lightest chemical element) · mn устөрөгч (atom of this element) · la hydrogenium (lightest chemical element) · ps هايډروجن (lightest chemical element) · de Wasserstoff (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · br hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · mt idroġenu (lightest chemical element) · it idrogeno (lightest chemical element) · ga hidrigin (lightest chemical element) · rsk водонїк (lightest chemical element) · pnt υδρογόνον (lightest chemical element) · fi vety (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · pap hidrogeno (lightest chemical element) · kfy उदजन (lightest chemical element) · cmn 氫氣 /氢气 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · he מֵימָן (lightest chemical element) · ceb idroheno (lightest chemical element) · ko 수소원자 (atom of this element) · hsb wodźik (lightest chemical element) · sgs ondėnilis (lightest chemical element) · sl vodik (lightest chemical element) · fi vety (lightest chemical element) · kw hidrojen (lightest chemical element) · ja 水素 (lightest chemical element) · cmn 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · vi hy-đrô (lightest chemical element) · wuu 氫 /氢 (lightest chemical element) · tg ҳидроген (lightest chemical element) · bg водород (atom of this element) · cy hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · lt vandenilis (lightest chemical element) · nn brenne (lightest chemical element) · lmo idrògen (lightest chemical element) · fo hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · nds-de Woterstoff (lightest chemical element) · fo brint (lightest chemical element) · li waterstof (lightest chemical element) · an hidrocheno (atom of this element) · nan-hbl 氫氣 /氢气 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · mk водород (lightest chemical element) · gl hidróxeno (lightest chemical element) · de Wasserstoffatom (atom of this element) · fi vetyatomi (atom of this element) · fo vetni (lightest chemical element) · nn hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · mn устөрөгч (lightest chemical element) · kl brinti (lightest chemical element) · bn উদজান (lightest chemical element) · sk vodík (lightest chemical element) · vi hiđrô (lightest chemical element) · vi khinh khí (lightest chemical element) · pih hiidrojen (lightest chemical element) · rsk гидроґен (lightest chemical element) · fr hydrogène (lightest chemical element) · gv hiddragien (lightest chemical element) · fo loftevni (lightest chemical element) · sd उदजन (lightest chemical element) · bua уһантүрэгшэ (lightest chemical element) · az hidrogen (lightest chemical element) · ml ഹൈഡ്രജൻ (lightest chemical element) · lo ອິດໂຣເຊນ (lightest chemical element) · uz водород (lightest chemical element) · jml उदजन (lightest chemical element) · cv водород (lightest chemical element) · hi हाइड्रोजन (lightest chemical element) · eu hidrogeno (lightest chemical element) · koi ваувтыр (lightest chemical element) · no vasstoff (lightest chemical element) · es hidrógeno (lightest chemical element) · sh во̀дӣк (lightest chemical element) · no hydrogen (lightest chemical element) · su hidrogén (lightest chemical element) · sat ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚᱡᱮᱱ (lightest chemical element) · hy ջրածին (lightest chemical element) · bar Wassastoff (lightest chemical element) · hu hidrogén (lightest chemical element) · ja 水素 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · gmw-rfr Wassaschdoff (lightest chemical element) · qu yakuchaq (lightest chemical element) · kk сутегі (lightest chemical element) · vo hidrin (lightest chemical element) · fa هیدروژن (lightest chemical element) · bg водоро́д (lightest chemical element) · pa ਉਦਜਨ (lightest chemical element) · csb wòdzyk (lightest chemical element) · gd haidreagain (lightest chemical element) · pl wodór (atom of this element) · no vanntoff (lightest chemical element) · ka წყალბადი (lightest chemical element) · vi hiđro (lightest chemical element) · fy wetterstof (lightest chemical element) · uz vodorod (lightest chemical element) · te హైడ్రోజన్ (lightest chemical element) · pt hidrogénio (atom of this element) · az müvəllidülma (lightest chemical element) · af waterstof (lightest chemical element) · da brint (lightest chemical element) · ko 수소 (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · nan-hbl 水素 (lightest chemical element) · ml ജലവായു (lightest chemical element) · mn устөрөгч (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · fr hydrogène (molecular hydrogen; molecule of this molecular species) · mr उदजन (lightest chemical element)

wikidata: Q3027893 · wikidata: Q3027893 · wikidata: Q556 · wikipedia: Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau · wikipedia: Antoine Lavoisier · wikidata: Q556 · wikidata: Q12830437