Dictionary

elongate en · ADJ

Pronunciation

• (Southern-England) audio
• /ɪˈlɒŋ.ɡeɪt/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• /-ˈlɑŋ-/ (General-American, cot-caught-merger)
• /ˈiːˌlɒŋ.ɡeɪt/ (Received-Pronunciation, also, verb)
• /i-/ (General-American)
• /əˈlɔŋˌɡeɪt/ (General-American)
• /ˈɛ-/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Late Middle English elongat, elongate (“kept away; different or remote in nature”, adjective), borrowed from Late Latin ēlongātus (“having been stretched out, elongated; prolonged, protracted; having been kept aloof, removed”) + Middle English -at (suffix forming participles). Ēlongātus is the perfect passive participle of ēlongō (“to prolong, protract; to keep aloof, remove; to depart, withdraw”), from Latin ē- (a variant of ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’)) + longus (“extended, long, prolonged; far”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos (“long”, adjective)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs). Doublet of eloign. Cognates * French éloigner

Meanings

1. Elongated, extended, lengthened; (especially biology) having a long and slender form.
   • He stood in the shadow of the pagoda, achieving a kinship between the building and himself by his elongate elegance, an air of old, uninsisting nobility. 1958, Han Suyin [pseudonym; Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chou], chapter 11, in The Mountain is Young, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, part 3 (Way Up), page 341:
   • Painted turtles lay oval, elongate eggs.
   • Schwarz had a glass of orange juice in his right hand. He tilted the glass slightly now, the surface of the liquid assuming an elongate outline. 1976, Don DeLillo, chapter 3, in Ratner’s Star (A Borzoi Book), New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, →ISBN, page 46:
   • The teeth [of Thaumatomyrmex ants], or tines of the pitchfork, are sometimes so elongate that when the mandibles are closed, the largest pair curve all around the opposite side of the head and stick out behind its posterior rim. 2006, Edward O[sborne] Wilson, “Two Magnificent Animals”, in The Creation: An Appeal to Save Life on Earth, New York, N.Y.: W[illiam] W[arder] Norton & Company, →ISBN, part I (The Creation), page 59:

Forms

Deriveds

elongate glassy perchlet · elongately · subelongate · elongate bitterling · elongate carpet shark · nonelongate · elongate tigerfish

Translations (7)

pt delgado (having a long and slender form) · ro alungit (having a long and slender form) · ro elongat (having a long and slender form) · fi pitkulainen (having a long and slender form) · ro prelung (having a long and slender form) · fr allongé (having a long and slender form) · es delgado (having a long and slender form)

wikipedia: Middle English

elongate en · VERB

Pronunciation

• (Southern-England) audio
• /ɪˈlɒŋ.ɡeɪt/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• /-ˈlɑŋ-/ (General-American, cot-caught-merger)
• /ˈiːˌlɒŋ.ɡeɪt/ (Received-Pronunciation, also, verb)
• /i-/ (General-American)
• /əˈlɔŋˌɡeɪt/ (General-American)
• /ˈɛ-/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Late Middle English elongat, elongate (“kept away; different or remote in nature”, adjective), borrowed from Late Latin ēlongātus (“having been stretched out, elongated; prolonged, protracted; having been kept aloof, removed”) + Middle English -at (suffix forming participles). Ēlongātus is the perfect passive participle of ēlongō (“to prolong, protract; to keep aloof, remove; to depart, withdraw”), from Latin ē- (a variant of ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’)) + longus (“extended, long, prolonged; far”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dlongʰos (“long”, adjective)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs). Doublet of eloign. Cognates * French éloigner

Meanings

1. (transitive) To make (something) long or longer, for example, by pulling or stretching; to make (something) elongated; to extend, to lengthen.
   • The maltster cleared his throat in an exaggerated form for emphasis, and elongating his gaze to the remotest point of the ashpit, said, […] 1874, Thomas Hardy, “The Malthouse—The Chat—News”, in Far from the Madding Crowd. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 105:
   • Finally, think that simultaneously with the oral utterance of the syllable HEEG the u-vowel-sign of the blue HŪṂ within the Guru’s heart elongateth itself downwards and catcheth hold of the circle of the M-sign of the red HŪṂ within the heart of the deceased and beginneth to draw the red HŪṂ upwards; […] 1935, “[Part II: The Transference of the Consciousness of One Deceased]”, in Kazi Dawa-Samdup, transl., edited by W[alter] Y[eeling] Evans-Wentz, Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines: Or Seven Books of Wisdom of the Great Path, […], 2nd edition, London; Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, published 1958 (1971–1972 printing), →OCLC, book IV (The Path of Transference: The Yoga of Consciousness-transference), paragraph 8, page 271:
   • The cat, unnoticed, had crept up on muffled paws from Zeena's seat to the table, and was stealthily elongating its body in the direction of the milk-jug, which stood between Ethan and Mattie. 1911 October, Edith Wharton, chapter IV, in Ethan Frome (The Scribner Library; SL8), New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 91:
   • Proceed advanceward for time elongateth itself as many dull Chapel speeches. 1904, Prophet [pseudonym], “Junior Class Prophecy”, in Murmurmontis, volume I, [Buckhannon, W. Va.]: [Hausauer, Son & Jones for] the ’04 Class of the W[est] V[irginia] C[onference] S[eminary], →OCLC:
   • [T]he despairing wretches [people accused of being witches] confirmed what the children said, with many other extravagant circumstances, as the mode of elongating a goat's back by means of a spit, on which we care not to be particular. 1830, Walter Scott, “Letter VII”, in Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 219:
   • ["]I wanted to give you a delightful sap—pur—ize!" Having thus elongated and emphasized the word Surprise, Mr. Wegg shook his friend and brother by both hands, and then clapped him on both knees, like an affectionate patron who entreated him not to mention so small a service as that which it had been his happy privilege to render. 1864 May – 1865 November, Charles Dickens, “The Friendly Move Takes Up a Strong Position”, in Our Mutual Friend. […], volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1865, →OCLC, 3rd book (A Long Lane), page 57:
   • A vvriter may tell me that he thinks man vvill ultimately become an oſtrich. I cannot properly contradict him. But before he can expect to bring any reaſonable perſon over to his opinion, he ought to ſhevv, that the necks of mankind have been gradually elongating; […] and that the hair is beginning to change into ſtubs of feathers. 1798, [Thomas Robert Malthus], chapter I, in An Essay on the Principle of Population, as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society. […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 10:
   • VVhen the muſcles of the heart cease to act, the refluent blood again diſtends or elongates them; and thus irritated they contract as before. 1796, Erasmus Darwin, “Sect[ion] XIV. Of the Production of Ideas. VII. Of the Sense of Extension.”, in Zoonomia; or, The Laws of Organic Life, volume II, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 123:
   • As Mr. Arabin had already moved out of the parsonage of St. Ewold's, that scheme of elongating the dining-room was of course abandoned; but he would have refurnished the whole deanery had he been allowed. 1857, Anthony Trollope, “The New Dean Takes Possession of the Deanery, and the New Warden of the Hospital”, in Barchester Towers. […], copyright edition, volume II, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, published 1859, →OCLC, page 335:
2. (obsolete, transitive) Followed by from: to move to or place (something) at a distance from another thing; to remove.
   • The principal force and property of hatred then, is to divide, ſeparate, alienate, and elongate a man from vvhat he hates. 1667, George Sikes, “Concerning Hatred”, in The Book of Nature Translated and Epitomiz’d, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, section II (The Nature, Force, Properties, and Fruit of Hatred), page 77:
   • But to open this more particularly, let us ſhevv in hovv many particulars they [wicked men] are thus elongated, or made afar off from God. 1652, Anthony Burgess [i.e., Anthony Burges], “Sermon CXIX. Sheweth in How Many Respects Wicked Men (before Their Effectual Calling) are Afar off from God, and Consequently Miserable”, in Spiritual Refining: Or A Treatise of Grace and Assurance. […], London: […] A. Miller for Thomas Underhill […], →OCLC, page 688:
   • [L]et the cõmon house of easement [i.e., the outhouse] be ouer some water, or els elongated from the house. [1547], Andrewe Boorde [i.e., Andrew Boorde], “The Thyrde Chapyter doth Shewe a Man to Buylde His House in a Pure and a Fresshe Ayre to Lengthen His Lyfe”, in A Compendyous Regyment or a Dyetary of Healthe […], London: […] Wyllyam Powell, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 Apr 2019:
3. (intransitive) To become long or longer, for example, by being pulled or stretched; to become elongated.
   • They studied fiercely as Bilging Day drew nearer. […] His face elongated daily, and his melancholy eyes burned in deepening sockets like dim candles, but he never failed a quiz. 1951, Herman Wouk, chapter 3, in The Caine Mutiny, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, →OCLC, part 1, page 27:
   • Here, Mr. Lorry perceived the reflexion on the wall to elongate, and Mr. Cruncher rose and stepped forward. 1859, Charles Dickens, “A Hand at Cards”, in A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book III (The Track of a Storm), page 204:
4. (intransitive) Of a plant part: to grow long; also, to have a long and slender or tapering form.
   • Shepherd’s-purse Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. […] FLOWERS White, blooming March–December; inflorescence of racemes, elongating greatly with fruit; […] 2009, Tom Reaume, “Mustard—Brassicaceae”, in 620 Wild Plants of North America—Fully Illustrated (Canadian Plains Studies; 57), Winnipeg, Man.: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 216:
5. (intransitive, obsolete) Followed by from: to be at a distance, or move away, from a thing; to depart; (specifically, astronomy) of a planet, star, or other astronomical object: to appear to recede from the sun or a fixed point in the celestial sphere.
   • [A]bout Capo Frio in Brasilia, the south point [of the compass] varieth tvvelve degrees unto the VVeſt, and about the mouth of the Straites of Magellan five or ſix; but elongating from the coaſt of Braſilia tovvard the ſhore of Africa it varyeth Eaſtvvard, and arriving at Capo de las Agullas, it reſteth in the Meridian, and looketh neither vvay. 1646, Thomas Browne, “Concerning the Loadstone”, in Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], London: […] T[homas] H[arper] for Edward Dod, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, page 63:

Forms

Antonyms

compress · lop off · reduce in length · prune · curt · trim · truncate · condense · chop off · abbreviate · shorten · pare · make shorter · cut short · curtail · saw off · chop down · abridge

Deriveds

elongated · overelongate · nonelongating · elongating · elongase

Relateds

elongation

Synonyms

prolong · lengthen · extend · prolong · draw out · produce · draw out · elongate · stretch · stretch · protract · enlengthen

Translations (41)

fi pidentää (to make (something) long or longer) · ro prelungi (to make (something) long or longer) · cy hwyhau (to make (something) long or longer) · he האריך (to make (something) long or longer) · ms memanjang (to make (something) long or longer) · hu meghosszabbít (to make (something) long or longer) · ms memperpanjang (to make (something) long or longer) · ro lungi (to make (something) long or longer) · ja 引き伸ばす (to make (something) long or longer) · pt elongar (to make (something) long or longer) · pl wydłużyć (to make (something) long or longer) · es elongar (to make (something) long or longer) · fi venyttää (to make (something) long or longer) · uk подо́вжувати (to make (something) long or longer) · fi olla pitkulainen (of a plant part: to have a long and slender or tapering form) · pt alongar (to make (something) long or longer) · bg удължавам (to make (something) long or longer) · de verlängern (to make (something) long or longer) · ro alungi (to make (something) long or longer) · gl alongar (to make (something) long or longer) · be падо́ўжыць (to make (something) long or longer) · de längen (to make (something) long or longer) · pl wydłużać (to make (something) long or longer) · el επιμηκύνω (to make (something) long or longer) · ca allargar (to make (something) long or longer) · es delongar (to make (something) long or longer) · ru удлиня́ть (to make (something) long or longer) · sw refusha (to make (something) long or longer) · bg разтеглям (to make (something) long or longer) · fi pidetä (to become long or longer) · lad alargar (to make (something) long or longer) · fr allonger (to make (something) long or longer) · es alongar (to make (something) long or longer) · cy estyn (to make (something) long or longer) · ru удлини́ть (to make (something) long or longer) · de ausdehnen (to make (something) long or longer) · uk ви́довжити (to make (something) long or longer) · uk подо́вжити (to make (something) long or longer) · uk видо́вжувати (to make (something) long or longer) · es elongarse (to become long or longer) · be падаўжа́ць (to make (something) long or longer)

wikipedia: Middle English