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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

anti- en · X · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /ˈæn.tə/ (Canada, General-American)
  • /ˈæn.ti/ (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯n.tə] (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯n.ti] (Canada, General-American)
  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈæn.tɪ/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /ˈænˌtaɪ/ (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯nˌtaɪ̯] (Canada, General-American)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈænˌti/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́) Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der. English anti- From Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-, “against”). Cognate with Old English and- (“against, in return, back, un-”), German ent- (“off, away, un-”). Doublet of ante- and un-.

Meanings

  1. (morpheme) Against, opposed to.
    • anti- + abortion → antiabortion
    • anti- + racism → antiracism
    • In the outer reaches of the Magasphere, it would be fair to say the advent of the first pope from the US has not been greeted with unbridled enthusiasm. Take Laura Loomer, the thirtysomething influencer and conspiracy theorist, whose verdict on Leo XIV was as instant as it was theologically uninformed: “Anti-Trump, anti-Maga, pro-open Borders, and a total Marxist like Pope Francis.” 2025 May 21, Julian Coman, “Maga Catholics are on a collision course with Leo XIV. They have good reason to fear him”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 01 Jun 2025:
  2. (morpheme) Counteracting, neutralizing.
    • anti- + freeze → antifreeze
    • anti- + aircraft → antiaircraft
    • anti- + bacterial → antibacterial
  3. (morpheme) The opposite of what is typically expected.
    • anti- + hero → antihero (“a protagonist who acts in an unheroic manner”)
    • anti- + climax → anticlimax (“a failed or reverse climax”)
    • anti- + chess → antichess (“a variant of chess where the goal is to lose all of one's pieces”)
  4. (morpheme) Physically opposite, reverse in position or direction.
    • anti- + Arctic → Antarctic
    • anti- + clockwise → anticlockwise
  5. (morpheme) A rival or counterpart to.
    • anti- + pope → antipope (“a person who claims to be the real pope”)
    • anti- + Christ → Antichrist
  6. (morpheme, particle) Composed of antimatter.
    • anti- + electron → antielectron
    • anti- + galaxy → antigalaxy
  7. (morpheme) Reacting with immunoglobins found in the specified animal.
    • anti- + rabbit → antirabbit
    • anti- + horse → antihorse

Antonyms

pro-

Hyponyms

contra- · nega- · ob- · counter-

Relateds

ob- · wither- · wan- · dis- · counter- · contra-

Synonyms

counter- · counter- · an- · non- · anti- · in- · un- · a-

Translations (70)

pl przeciw- (against, hostile to) · es contra- (against, hostile to) · eo kontraŭ- (against, hostile to) · ro anti- (against, hostile to) · vi chống (against, hostile to) · ja 反対 (against, hostile to) · cmn(against, hostile to) · fr anti- (against, hostile to) · hi प्रति- (against, hostile to) · ja(against, hostile to) · hu anti- (against, hostile to) · hu -ellenes (against, hostile to) · mi ātete (against, hostile to) · it anti- (against, hostile to) · ang wiþer- (against, hostile to) · cs proti- (against, hostile to) · ar نَقِيض (against, hostile to) · ga anta- (against, hostile to) · mk анти- (against, hostile to) · lv anti- (against, hostile to) · lv pret- (against, hostile to) · ru а́нти- (against, hostile to) · ru анти- (against, hostile to) · et anti- (against, hostile to) · ar ضِدّ (against, hostile to) · hy հակա- (against, hostile to) · cs anti- (against, hostile to) · de gegen- (against, hostile to) · cmn 反對 /反对 (against, hostile to) · el αντι- (against, hostile to) · kw gorth- (against, hostile to) · fa آنتی (against, hostile to) · cmn 反- (against, hostile to) · pam kontra- (against, hostile to) · ar مُضَادّ (against, hostile to) · ms anti- (against, hostile to) · fi epä- (against, hostile to) · cmn(against, hostile to) · pam pangontra- (against, hostile to) · fi anti- (against, hostile to) · az anti- (against, hostile to) · ru противо- (against, hostile to) · sv anti- (against, hostile to) · ka ანტი- (against, hostile to) · gl anti- (against, hostile to) · ja(against, hostile to) · ja 反- (against, hostile to) · pal 𐭩𐭥𐭲 (against, hostile to) · de anti- (against, hostile to) · pt anti- (against, hostile to) · bg анти- (against, hostile to) · he אנטי־ (against, hostile to) · hu ellen- (against, hostile to) · ko 반(反)- (against, hostile to) · pl anty- (against, hostile to) · nl anti- (against, hostile to) · ko 안티 (against, hostile to) · ro contra- (against, hostile to) · bg а́нти- (against, hostile to) · mk против- (against, hostile to) · hu elleni (against, hostile to) · bg противо- (against, hostile to) · la contra- (against, hostile to) · ca anti- (against, hostile to) · io anti- (against, hostile to) · ta எதிர் (against, hostile to) · fi vasta- (against, hostile to) · es anti- (against, hostile to) · ru про́тиво- (against, hostile to) · fa پادـ (against, hostile to)

anti- en · X · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /ˈæn.tə/ (Canada, General-American)
  • /ˈæn.ti/ (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯n.tə] (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯n.ti] (Canada, General-American)
  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈæn.tɪ/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /ˈænˌtaɪ/ (Canada, General-American)
  • [ˈɛə̯nˌtaɪ̯] (Canada, General-American)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈænˌti/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

Probably largely from association with etymology 1, either in English or in French, although some early formations (especially antichamber) reflect Italian anti-.

Meanings

  1. (alt-of, morpheme, obsolete) Obsolete form of ante-.
    alt of ante-
    • When Eleanor of Toledo entered her future capital in 1539, the decorations at the city gate had still been on a small scale, consisting of an antiportico, which may or may not have been embellished with painting and sculptures. 1956 December, Richard Bernheimer, “Theatrum Mundi”, in James S[loss] Ackerman, editor, The Art Bulletin, volume XXXVIII, number 4, New York, N.Y.: College Art Association of America, →ISSN, →OCLC, section III, page 237:
    • A′ntiport.* n[oun] s[ubstantive] [Fr[ench] antiporte, Lat[in] ante and portus.] An outward gate or door. It should be written anteport. 1818, “A′ntiport”, in Samuel Johnson [author of original edition], edited by H[enry] J[ohn] Todd, A Dictionary of the English Language; […], volume I, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; […], →OCLC, signature AA, recto, column 2:
    • antichamber, antiport, antiroom

Hyponyms

contra- · nega- · ob- · counter-

Relateds

wan- · anti

Synonyms

an- · non- · anti- · in- · un- · a-