Dictionary

although en · CCONJ

Pronunciation

• ôl-thōʹ
• /ɔlˈðoʊ/ (US)
• (US) audio
• /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ (UK)
• /ɑlˈðoʊ/ (US, cot-caught-merger)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Indo-European *h₂elnós Proto-Germanic *allaz Proto-West Germanic *all Old English eall Proto-Indo-European *to-der. Proto-Indo-European *-weder. Proto-Germanic *þau Proto-Indo-European *-kʷeder. Proto-Germanic *-hw Proto-Germanic *þauh Proto-West Germanic *þauh Old English þēah Old English Middle English althagh English although From Middle English althagh, from Old English compound of eall (“all (emphatic)”) + þēah (“though”). By surface analysis, al(l) + though.

Meanings

1. Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.
   • Although proven, the accusation was ignored by the court.
   • The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen.[…]The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramount sin in Man's private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared. 1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:
   • Although the Celebrity was almost impervious to sarcasm, he was now beginning to exhibit visible signs of uneasiness, the consciousness dawning upon him that his eccentricity was not receiving the ovation it merited. 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 78:
   • With the north London derby to come at the weekend, Spurs boss Harry Redknapp opted to rest many of his key players, although he brought back Aaron Lennon after a month out through injury. 2011 September 29, Jon Smith, “Tottenham 3-1 Shamrock Rovers”, in BBC Sport:
   • Although it was very muddy, the football game went on.
   • As to Mrs. Merillia, although she was, in reality, near fainting in wonder at her grandon's escapade, she preserved an expression of gracious benignity, and did not allow a motion of her eyelids or a flutter of her fan to betray her emotion at finding herself the unprepared hostess of such unusual guests. 2019, Robert Hitchens, The Prophet of Berkeley, Good Press:
   • Although there are dozens of different types of gems, among the best known and most important are diamond, ruby and sapphire, emerald and other gem forms of the mineral beryl, chrysoberyl, tanzanite, tsavorite, topaz and jade. 2012 March 14, Lee A. Groat, “Gemstones”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 14 Jun 2012, page 128:
   • And moreover, much leſs can this poyſonouíneſs be produced from the Lead. For although it being long detained in the Body, and there reſolved, likeunto other Metals, (if it contract any ruſtineſs) it may poſſibly do hurt: but yet neverthleſs, that in this its moment any paſſage through the Body there ſhould be any poyſon imprinted by it upon the Body, this can no waybe. 1661, Daniel Sennertus, Nicholas Culpeper, Abdiah Cole, “Of the Wounds by Gunshot”, in The Art of Chirurgery (Fifth Book of Of Practical Phyſick), Part IV Chap. 20, page 2695:
   • The patients, (al)though getting stronger, will not come off their medications.
2. But, except.
   • It was difficult, although not as difficult as we had expected.

Forms

Relateds

even though · though

Synonyms

even though · notwithstanding (in spite of) · albeit · even if

Translations (234)

nn sjølv om (in spite of the fact that) · it sebbene (in spite of the fact that) · vi dưng cơ mà (but) · fa-ira با این کِه (in spite of the fact that) · eo kvankam (in spite of the fact that) · ru хотя́ (in spite of the fact that) · gl porén (but) · be хаця́ (in spite of the fact that) · hi अगरचे (in spite of the fact that) · cmn 不過 /不过 (but) · nb skjønt (in spite of the fact that) · da skønt (in spite of the fact that) · it ancorché (in spite of the fact that) · pl jednakże (but) · sw ingawa (in spite of the fact that) · es aunque (but) · sv trots att (in spite of the fact that) · el εντούτοις (but) · cmn 然而 (but) · pt embora (in spite of the fact that) · ga cé go (in spite of the fact that) · gl noustante (but) · gl emporiso (but) · cmn 儘管 /尽管 (in spite of the fact that) · da selv om (in spite of the fact that) · cmn 可是 (but) · es maguer (in spite of the fact that) · az baxmayaraq ki (in spite of the fact that) · ja ...のに (in spite of the fact that) · sl četudi (in spite of the fact that) · jv masiya (in spite of the fact that) · ru хоть и (in spite of the fact that) · hu ugyanakkor (but) · gl decontra (but) · fr mais (but) · sl čeprav (in spite of the fact that) · ko 비록 (in spite of the fact that) · id walau (in spite of the fact that) · is enda þótt (in spite of the fact that) · vi dù (in spite of the fact that) · ca encara que (in spite of the fact that) · da selvom (in spite of the fact that) · fr encore que (in spite of the fact that) · yi הגם (in spite of the fact that) · ja しかし (but) · hu viszont (but) · hu ám (but) · tr rağmen (in spite of the fact that) · gl malia (in spite of the fact that) · bg въпреки че (in spite of the fact that) · ms walaupun (in spite of the fact that) · id tetapi (but) · pl chociaż (in spite of the fact that) · fa-ira اَگَرْچِه (in spite of the fact that) · ro însă (but) · km ទោះបីជា (in spite of the fact that) · id walaupun (in spite of the fact that) · fr combien que (in spite of the fact that) · ko 하지만 (in spite of the fact that) · it benché (in spite of the fact that) · es aun cuando (in spite of the fact that) · ar وَلَوْ (in spite of the fact that) · quc pune' (in spite of the fact that) · gl embora (in spite of the fact that) · sh makar (in spite of the fact that) · kw kyn (in spite of the fact that) · jv sanadyan (in spite of the fact that) · nb om enn (in spite of the fact that) · sv fastän (in spite of the fact that) · fr quoique (in spite of the fact that) · gl maxer (but) · pl lubo (in spite of the fact that) · gl macar (but) · cs ačkoliv (in spite of the fact that) · mt għalkemm (in spite of the fact that) · ms meskipun (in spite of the fact that) · non þó (in spite of the fact that) · pl acz (in spite of the fact that) · yue 儘管 /尽管 (in spite of the fact that) · grc καίπερ (in spite of the fact that) · ca malgrat que (in spite of the fact that) · ia ben que (in spite of the fact that) · cmn 但是 (but) · sco altho (in spite of the fact that) · el παρ’ όλ’ αυτά (but) · ur مَگَر (but) · el μολαταύτα (but) · jv senajan (in spite of the fact that) · ba ҡарамаҫтан (in spite of the fact that) · he אֲבָל (but) · gl inanque (but) · ckb بەڵام (but) · sh mada (in spite of the fact that) · ang ac (but) · gl emporiso (in spite of the fact that) · gl macar (in spite of the fact that) · izh hot (in spite of the fact that) · yue 雖然 /虽然 (in spite of the fact that) · sv ehuru (in spite of the fact that) · es si que (in spite of the fact that) · pt embora (but) · ka მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ (in spite of the fact that) · fi joskin (in spite of the fact that) · nl hoewel (in spite of the fact that) · gl aínda que (in spite of the fact that) · hu azonban (but) · az isə də (in spite of the fact that) · sv men (but) · ur اَگَرْچِہ (in spite of the fact that) · th แม้ (in spite of the fact that) · hi यद्यपि (in spite of the fact that) · ro deși (in spite of the fact that) · km បើទោះបីជា (in spite of the fact that) · mi ahakoa (in spite of the fact that) · cs ač (in spite of the fact that) · az -sa da (in spite of the fact that) · nl hoewel (but) · az halbuki (in spite of the fact that) · gl embora (but) · hu de (but) · gl decasí (in spite of the fact that) · fr bien que (in spite of the fact that) · ms tetapi (but) · nan-hbl 雖然 /虽然 (in spite of the fact that) · nn om enn (in spite of the fact that) · is þó að (in spite of the fact that) · az isə belə (in spite of the fact that) · cy er (in spite of the fact that) · uk хоч (in spite of the fact that) · es aunque (in spite of the fact that) · vi mặc dù (in spite of the fact that) · nv azhą́...ndi (in spite of the fact that) · io tamen (but) · id tapi (but) · gl malia (but) · kmr tevî ku (in spite of the fact that) · fr nonobstant que (in spite of the fact that) · ca malgrat que (but) · nb selv om (in spite of the fact that) · uk хоча́ (in spite of the fact that) · ko -지만 (in spite of the fact that) · az hərçənd (in spite of the fact that) · gl inanque (in spite of the fact that) · pl choć (in spite of the fact that) · nn endå (in spite of the fact that) · ja でも (but) · vi dầu (in spite of the fact that) · ru несмотря́ на то́, что (in spite of the fact that) · ms walau (in spite of the fact that) · de trotzdem (but) · kw kynth (in spite of the fact that) · nl maar (but) · pl aczkolwiek (in spite of the fact that) · es si bien (in spite of the fact that) · el αν και (in spite of the fact that) · ru хоть (in spite of the fact that) · kea enbóra (in spite of the fact that) · bg макар че (in spite of the fact that) · oj aanawi (in spite of the fact that) · cmn 雖說 /虽说 (in spite of the fact that) · ur لیکِن (but) · ja ...だけれども (in spite of the fact that) · hu bár (in spite of the fact that) · sh premda (in spite of the fact that) · gl maxer (in spite of the fact that) · ca tot i que (but) · de obwohl (in spite of the fact that) · vi nhưng (but) · ru хотя́ (but) · quc pine' (in spite of the fact that) · fi paitsi (but) · gl aínda que (but) · hy չնայած (in spite of the fact that) · sk hoci (in spite of the fact that) · sco awtho (in spite of the fact that) · ckb ئەگەرچی (in spite of the fact that) · gl decasí (but) · hy թեեւ (in spite of the fact that) · ro cu toate că (in spite of the fact that) · io quankam (in spite of the fact that) · tr gerçi (but) · pt apesar de (in spite of the fact that) · gl porén (in spite of the fact that) · hi हालाँकि (in spite of the fact that) · ka თუმცა (but) · he אף על פי ש־ (in spite of the fact that) · gl orasme (but) · mk и покрај тоа (in spite of the fact that) · la ut (in spite of the fact that) · id meskipun (in spite of the fact that) · el ωστόσο (but) · fa-ira هَرْچَنْد (but) · jv puluh (in spite of the fact that) · cmn 雖然 /虽然 (in spite of the fact that) · pt conquanto (in spite of the fact that) · ca tot i que (in spite of the fact that) · nn jamvel om (in spite of the fact that) · uk не дивлячи́сь на те, що (in spite of the fact that) · gl noustante (in spite of the fact that) · fi vaikka (in spite of the fact that) · vi dưng cơ (but) · ny ngakhale (in spite of the fact that) · yi כאָטש (in spite of the fact that) · sk aj keď (in spite of the fact that) · vi nhưng mà (but) · mnc ᠪᡳᠴᡳᠪᡝ (in spite of the fact that) · la quamquam (in spite of the fact that) · pl mimo że (in spite of the fact that) · pt apesar de (but) · gl decontra (in spite of the fact that) · mk иако (in spite of the fact that) · km សូម្បី (in spite of the fact that) · id meski (in spite of the fact that) · gl orasme (in spite of the fact that) · th ถึงจะ (in spite of the fact that) · es bien que (in spite of the fact that) · he למרות ש־ (in spite of the fact that) · fr tandis que (in spite of the fact that) · eo tamen (but) · th ถึงแม้ (in spite of the fact that) · he אֶלָּא (but) · ur حالان٘کِہ (in spite of the fact that) · be хоць (in spite of the fact that) · el παρά (but) · ar رَغْم أَنَّ (in spite of the fact that) · ur اَلْبَتَّہ (in spite of the fact that) · sh iako (in spite of the fact that) · th ทั้งที่ (in spite of the fact that) · ru одна́ко (but) · th ทั้ง ๆ (in spite of the fact that) · az -sa belə (in spite of the fact that) · bg при все че (in spite of the fact that) · nan-hbl 雖罔 /虽罔 (in spite of the fact that) · ar مَعَ أَنَّ (in spite of the fact that)