From Middle English you, yow, ȝow (object case of ye), from Old English ēow (“you”, dative case of ġē), from Proto-West Germanic *iwwi (“you”, dative case of *jiʀ), from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz (“you”, dative case of *jīz), the Western form of Proto-Germanic *izwiz (“you”, dative case of *jūz), from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you”, plural).
Cognate with Scots you (“you”), Saterland Frisian jou (“you”), West Frisian jo (“you”), Low German jo, joe and oe (“you”), Dutch jou and u (“you”), German euch (“you”), Middle High German eu, iu (“you”, object pronoun), Latin vōs (“you”), Avestan 𐬬𐬋 (vō, “you”), Ashkun yë̃ (“you”), Kamkata-viri šo (“you”), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyám, “you”).
See usage notes. Ye, you and your are cognate with Dutch jij/je, jou, jouw; Low German ji, jo/ju, jug and German ihr, euch and euer respectively. Ye is also cognate with Danish I and archaic Swedish I. Compare the shift to the second-person singular informal Spanish vos, historically a formal pronoun.
Meanings
The individual or group spoken or written to.
Have you gentlemen come to see the lady who fell backwards off a bus?
Used before epithets, describing the person being addressed, for emphasis.
'You genius!' I shouted in Aretta's ear. 'You absolute genius! Why didn't you tell us you were so good?' 2015, Judi Curtin, Only Eva, The O'Brien Press, →ISBN:
You idiot!
(nonstandard) Your.
Tell me about ’e barber who shaved you hair so close,—was he kind to you? 1899 August, E[lizabeth] Stuart Phelps [Ward], “Loveliness: A Story”, in The Atlantic Monthly, volume LXXXIV, number DII, Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 Mar 2026, page 228, column 2:
“No. I need a ride into Buenos Aires. You remember what we arranged?” “You wife’s a-gonna give a-birt?” “That’s right. Are you free?” 2002 [1997], Pablo Urbanyi, translated by Hugh Hazelton, “Entry 21: The Longest Day of the Year Begins”, in Sunset, Fredericton, N.B.: Broken Jaw Press, →ISBN, page 72:
“You oyster gravy, Massa Sam,” said Ella, ladling a couple of spoonfuls over the rice. 2014 September 5, Arthur Hamilton, “Margaret Rose McAllister”, in Jonathan’s Journey, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN:
Forms
Spelling
Features
Labels
Source
yer
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yu
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yowe
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
y'
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yoo
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
youe
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
yoh
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yow
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
yow
West-Midlands, alternative
lexicographic
yo
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yah
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
-ja
Polite=Infm
alternative
lexicographic
yeh
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yuh
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yew
alternative, obsolete, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
u
Polite=Infm
Internet, alternative
lexicographic
ye
Case=Nom, Number=Plur
alternative, archaic, dialectal
lexicographic
-cha
Polite=Infm
alternative
lexicographic
ya
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yuo
Polite=Infm
Internet, alternative
lexicographic
Translations (125)
eo ci (the individual or group spoken/written to) · bg ти (used before epithets for emphasis) · es tú (the individual or group spoken/written to) · es vos (the individual or group spoken/written to) · id dasar (used before epithets for emphasis) · sv du (the individual or group spoken/written to) · bg Ви́е (the individual or group spoken/written to) · he אֲתֶּן (the individual or group spoken/written to) · pl ty (used before epithets for emphasis) · arc אנת (the individual or group spoken/written to) · bg ви́е (used before epithets for emphasis) · eo ci (used before epithets for emphasis) · fi senkin (used before epithets for emphasis) · fi te (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sh ti (used before epithets for emphasis) · mnc ᠰᡠᠸᡝ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · fr tu (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ka შე (used before epithets for emphasis) · es so (used before epithets for emphasis) · ca tros de (used before epithets for emphasis) · ja そこの (used before epithets for emphasis) · bg Ви́е (used before epithets for emphasis) · ru вы (the individual or group spoken/written to) · pt seus (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sq ti (the individual or group spoken/written to) · af jy (used before epithets for emphasis) · la vos (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sl tí (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la tuus (used before epithets for emphasis) · et sa (the individual or group spoken/written to) · fi sinä (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la vester (used before epithets for emphasis) · de du (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sv ni (the individual or group spoken/written to) · pl wy (used before epithets for emphasis) · la voster (used before epithets for emphasis) · sco ye (the individual or group spoken/written to) · arc אנתין (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sl ví (the individual or group spoken/written to) · bg ви́е (the individual or group spoken/written to) · bg ти (the individual or group spoken/written to) · pt seu (used before epithets for emphasis) · sk vy (the individual or group spoken/written to) · arc ܐܢܬܘܢ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ta ஏய் (used before epithets for emphasis) · ca vosaltres (the individual or group spoken/written to) · tl inyo (the individual or group spoken/written to) · et sina (the individual or group spoken/written to) · nl jullie (used before epithets for emphasis) · de du (used before epithets for emphasis) · pt suas (the individual or group spoken/written to) · hu te (used before epithets for emphasis) · sh vi (used before epithets for emphasis) · hu maga (used before epithets for emphasis) · arc ܐܢܬܝ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ru вы (used before epithets for emphasis) · arc אנתי (the individual or group spoken/written to) · kmr wey (used before epithets for emphasis) · nl de (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ta நீங்கள் (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ca vostès (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ru ты (the individual or group spoken/written to) · cs vy (the individual or group spoken/written to) · nl gij (used before epithets for emphasis) · et te (the individual or group spoken/written to) · fr espèce de (used before epithets for emphasis) · pt sua (the individual or group spoken/written to) · et Sa (the individual or group spoken/written to) · et Te (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sv era (used before epithets for emphasis) · da I (the individual or group spoken/written to) · arc אנתון (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sk ty (used before epithets for emphasis) · sk vy (used before epithets for emphasis) · arc ܐܢܬ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ko 너 (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la vos (the individual or group spoken/written to) · pt seu (the individual or group spoken/written to) · tpi yu (the individual or group spoken/written to) · eo vi (used before epithets for emphasis) · ka თქვე (used before epithets for emphasis) · sk ty (the individual or group spoken/written to) · cs vy (used before epithets for emphasis) · ja そこの (the individual or group spoken/written to) · no din (used before epithets for emphasis) · pl wy (the individual or group spoken/written to) · et Teie (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sw wewe (the individual or group spoken/written to) · kmr hey (used before epithets for emphasis) · ca vós (the individual or group spoken/written to) · cs ty (used before epithets for emphasis) · sv Ni sg and (the individual or group spoken/written to) · he אֲתֶּם (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la vobis (used before epithets for emphasis) · pl ty (the individual or group spoken/written to) · es ustedes (the individual or group spoken/written to) · he יא (used before epithets for emphasis) · ca tu (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la tibi (used before epithets for emphasis) · fi Te (the individual or group spoken/written to) · mnc ᠰᡳ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · arc ܐܢܬܝܢ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · es usted (the individual or group spoken/written to) · kmr ey (used before epithets for emphasis) · ja この (used before epithets for emphasis) · ru ты (used before epithets for emphasis) · et Sina (the individual or group spoken/written to) · nl gulder (used before epithets for emphasis) · he אַתְּ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · et teie (the individual or group spoken/written to) · ca vostè (the individual or group spoken/written to) · he אַתָּה (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sv Du (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sv ditt (used before epithets for emphasis) · da din c/dit n/I (used before epithets for emphasis) · ta நீ (the individual or group spoken/written to) · tl (singular, familiar)iyo (the individual or group spoken/written to) · eo vi (the individual or group spoken/written to) · la tu (the individual or group spoken/written to) · sv din (used before epithets for emphasis) · fr vous (the individual or group spoken/written to) · fr bande de (used before epithets for emphasis) · zh 你這個…… /你这个…… (used before epithets for emphasis) · nl jij (used before epithets for emphasis) · de ihr (the individual or group spoken/written to)
From Middle English you, yow, ȝow (object case of ye), from Old English ēow (“you”, dative case of ġē), from Proto-West Germanic *iwwi (“you”, dative case of *jiʀ), from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz (“you”, dative case of *jīz), the Western form of Proto-Germanic *izwiz (“you”, dative case of *jūz), from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you”, plural).
Cognate with Scots you (“you”), Saterland Frisian jou (“you”), West Frisian jo (“you”), Low German jo, joe and oe (“you”), Dutch jou and u (“you”), German euch (“you”), Middle High German eu, iu (“you”, object pronoun), Latin vōs (“you”), Avestan 𐬬𐬋 (vō, “you”), Ashkun yë̃ (“you”), Kamkata-viri šo (“you”), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyám, “you”).
See usage notes. Ye, you and your are cognate with Dutch jij/je, jou, jouw; Low German ji, jo/ju, jug and German ihr, euch and euer respectively. Ye is also cognate with Danish I and archaic Swedish I. Compare the shift to the second-person singular informal Spanish vos, historically a formal pronoun.
Meanings
(nominative, objective, plural, qualifier:object pronoun, second-person, singular) The people spoken, or written to, as an object.
I'll look up you and your sister.
Both of you should get ready now.
And Ioſeph ſaid vnto them, That is it that I ſpake vnto you, ſaying, Ye are ſpies. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 42:14, column 1:
‘Pull you up a chair,’ she offered. 1970, Donald Harington, Lightning Bug:
And Lot went out, and spake unto his sons in law, which married his daughters, and said, Up, get you out of this place; for the Lord will destroy this city. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis XIX::
'Draw near, and wash you in the living flames, and take their virtue into your poor frames in all its virgin strength[.]' 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
You'd better get you a gun and kill him before he kills you or somebody. 1975, Joseph Nazel, Death for Hire:
If I may counsaile you, some day or two / Your Highnesse shall repose you at the Tower [...]. c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
(nominative, objective, plural, qualifier:object pronoun, second-person, singular) The person spoken to or written to, as an object. (Replacing thee; originally as a mark of respect.)
I charge you, as ye woll have my love, that ye warne your kynnesmen that ye woll beare that day the slyve of golde uppon your helmet. c. 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book VIII:
(nominative, objective, plural, pronoun, second-person, singular, subjective) The people spoken to or written to, as a subject. (Replacing ye.)
You are all supposed to do as I tell you.
Are you excited? ― Yes, I am excited! 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
(nominative, objective, plural, pronoun, second-person, singular, subjective) The person spoken to or written to, as a subject. (Originally as a mark of respect.)
You are right, Fanny, to protest against such an office, but you need not be afraid. 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter IX, in Mansfield Park: […], volume II, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 208:
(colloquial, nominative, objective, plural, pronoun, second-person, singular, subjective) A person's favorite sports team.
I get that you're from Southeast Michigan, but I'm still surprised that you're a Detroit Lions fan. You have been on the receiving end of losing seasons for a while now.
(indefinite, nominative, objective, personal, plural, pronoun, second-person, singular) Anyone, one; an unspecified individual or group of individuals (as subject or object).
You can't choose your family, your lovers are difficult and volatile, but, oh, you can choose your friends - so doesn't it make much more sense to live and holiday with them instead? 2001 May 5, Polly Vernon, The Guardian:
The ascent is precipitous, but the path is cut into continual and short windings, which enable you to surmount the perpendicularity of the mountain. 1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter II, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume II, London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC, page 18:
(indefinite, nominative, objective, personal, plural, pronoun, second-person, singular) A dummy pronoun used in certain constructions, usually with verbs of receiving (such as get or find) or sensing (such as see or hear), typically stating the existence or typicality of something.
You get some terrible bullies in Spanish villages too , and they'll doubtless grow up to be complete oafs. 2018 October 4, Javier Marías, Berta Isla, Penguin UK, →ISBN:
You find a lot of 'life' in the city but much of it is an act people are putting on. 1973, Soldiers:
You often hear about athletes having the jitters before a game, or having butterflies in their stomach. 2018 January 16, Rick Wolff, Secrets of Sports Psychology Revealed: Proven Techniques to Elevate Your Performance, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
You get a lot of rude people in London.
It was one of those small-town dive bars you often read about.
kw ’gas (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ja 自分 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ka შენ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pt a senhora (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · evn су (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tli wa.é (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ar انتوا (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tr siz (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ee miawo (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ay jumanaka (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · th คุณ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · wuu 㑚 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · inc-ash 𑀢𑀼𑀨𑁂 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sco ye (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · frr dü (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · de man (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · it Lei (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · xcl դուք (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · rom tumen (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fi te (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · arc אנת (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ho umui (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ny iwe (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · gd sibh (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ja 貴様等 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tly şımə (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · bcl ika (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ha kúu (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ms engkau (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · otk 𐰾𐰃𐰕 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · af jy (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sk vás (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ln bínó (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ppl anmehemet (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · dlm vu (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ug سەنلەر (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · it ti (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · wal birshshettaa (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · gl vosoutros (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ps ته (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · te నిన్ను (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · cs vám (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · eo oni (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · as আপোনালোক (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · cu ⰲⰰ du (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · lou vouzòt (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · mk вие (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · rm Els (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · it tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · gcr ou (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hi तुझ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ko 니네 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · bn তুমি (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pt o (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ta நீ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · cs člověk (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · khb ᦎᦳᧃᦑᦱᧃᧈ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · yo ệyin (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · si ඔයා (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · bg вам (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · twf ę̋ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · lt Jūs (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · kn ನಿಮಗೆ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ko 니들 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mk вам (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · tum iwe (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hu maguk (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ca tu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · uz siz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ko 당신 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ro pe tine (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · cs tebou (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hi तुइ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · it Loro (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · sl ví (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · kl ilissi (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · dsb waju du (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · unm ki (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · wa twè (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · su anjeun (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ta தாங்கள் (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sah эн (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · egl vó (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · my နင်တို့ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nl gijlie (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fi teidän (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · hak 你這兜 /你这兜 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mi koe (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ms kalian (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · cs vy (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · zh 汝 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pt os (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · tl niyo (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · izh teitä (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · st lona (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pt as senhoras (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fy jo (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · inh хьо (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · yo ệyin (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · wal ne (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ky силер (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ta நீ (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ms kamu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · dsb wy (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nv danihí (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fi sinä (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ml താങ്കൾ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ar ـكُنَّ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · de dich (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ml താങ്കൾ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · id kamu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · pms vus (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · an vusté (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · lou ouzòt (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · la vōs (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hy ձեզ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · yi אײַך (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · hu önök (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · kea nha (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · arc אתן (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ast tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · fy dy (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hu -nek (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · km ពួកអ្នក (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ar أَنْتِ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · rm vus (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · arc ܐܢܬܘܢ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · xcl քեզ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · sga dob- (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · si ඔයාලා (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · id kalian (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · lt tave (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · uga 𐎀𐎚 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nn ein (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · sh ви̑ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ga sibhse (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · arc אנתין (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pih yorle (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ast te (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ga sibhse (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · cs tobě (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · cs ty (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · dsb śi (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · lou vouzòt (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · izh töö (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sv du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · lb dir (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · wa vs (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tby ngona (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · es (leísmo) le (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · bg ви́е (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ti ኣታ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pih yorle (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · yrl indé (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ttj iwe (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hsn 你們 /你们 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · is þið (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fo tú (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · th เตง (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hac تۆ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ppl anmejemet (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · gl vostede (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · zh 恁 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · esu elpetek c du (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · la tē (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · es les (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gd thu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · es una (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · nl jij (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hi आप (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · fi passive voice used (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ca vosaltres (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sco ye (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · tk sen (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · arc ܐܢܬܝ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · la te (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · gv shiuish (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · itk טוּ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · lo ທ່ານ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · fo tygum (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · bxd nɔ̃⁵⁵ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · es uno (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ur تُو (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · rom tut (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ha ku (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ar حضرتكم (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sl tí (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · qu qamta (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · vec se (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · nrf tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ee miawo (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · neg сӣ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hi आप (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ar حَضْرَتُكِ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · fur vô (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tyv силер (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nb Dere (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ha ke (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · et teid (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ttt üşmu (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ka შენ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · uk ви (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ja 貴方 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · dsb ty (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nn du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · tl niyo (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · gl vós (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · alt слер (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hu -nak (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · so idinka (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sh vȋ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · rup tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · tpi yu du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · de Euch (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fi teidän (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · kl illit (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · arc ܐܢܬ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ta நீர் (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · co tù (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · cy chi (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fo tit (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · de Ihnen (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · tg туро Шуморо (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · cv эсир (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · hop um (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · av нуж (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · yi איר (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · cs vás (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gul oonuh (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · da jer (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · agj አንክ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ms kau (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · id dikau (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · is ykkur (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ta உன்னை (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · sat ᱟᱢ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ca vostès (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · nb en (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ms kita (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · mhn du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · da De (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ru ты (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · az siz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · hi आप (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · crh siz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · az sizlər (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tft ngana (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · zh 你們 /你们 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fj kemuni (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sq ju (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nn Dykk (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · fa شُمَا (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · es vosotras (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · or ଆପଣମାନଙ୍କୁ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · rap korua (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · aa atu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · el εσάς (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · da I (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mi kōrua du (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · tet imi (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · dlm toi (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · la vōs (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · gv uss (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · es ustedes (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ru вы (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hts the (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ar انتي (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · et sina (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · cdo 汝各儂 /汝各侬 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nb dere (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · dsb was (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · wa vos (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · la te (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · wa vozôtes (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · es tú (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · qu qamkunata (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · arc אנתי (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · crh sizge (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · es lo (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · tl kita (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · it lei (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · mnc ᠰᡠᠸᡝ (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · mnc ᠰᡠᠸᡝ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · cv эс (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nl jou (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hu titeket (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · si ඔබ සියල්ලන් (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ude си (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ppl an- (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fa شُما (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · duu na (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · wa ti (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · an te (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · izh siun (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · an busatros (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · khb ᦉᦴᦈᧁᧉ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nl u (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ltg tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ada mo (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · de du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ppl anh- (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pt se (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · arc אנתון (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · es la (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ca un (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ca tu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sco yez (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · izh teijet (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fr soi (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · hu önöket (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · la vōs (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ti ንስኹም (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · otk 𐰾𐰤 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · cu тꙑ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ru тебе́ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · cjy 你 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ms kamu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · dsb tebje (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · nap vuje (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ti ንስኹም (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · lou zòt (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · eve ху (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fr vous autres (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gv shiuish (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pjt nyuntulupula (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pcc mengz (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · yi דו (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · tk siz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sco you (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ne तिमी (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · pjt nyuntulu (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · te మీరు (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · crh sen (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ms engkau (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ar ـكم (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · hts theko (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · mi koe (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ko 여러분 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · uk ви (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · kk сен (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pl wy (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ti ኣተን (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · af u (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pt você (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · tet Ita-Na’i (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fa تو را (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ml നിങ്ങൾ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · de euch (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · hu -∅ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · twf ę̋ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · kmr mirov (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · nn de (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ro îți (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · egl vó (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · cy chwi (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ru вам (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · yuf ma (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · dbl ŋuraɖi (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · gl te (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · fj kemudou (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · esu elpeci (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · rm vous (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fr vous (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · jv kowe (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · th เจ้า (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hak 你等人 (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ak mo (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ti ኣቱም (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · yo yín (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · tr sen (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nl jullie (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ml താൻ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ms kau orang (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mn та нар (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ii ꆍ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sco yiz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · bn আপনাকে (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · km នាងស្រី (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · lt jus (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · my ရှင် (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sga tú (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · se doai (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mzn تو (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · csb të (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sq të (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · gv shiu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · enm yow (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · km លោកអ្នក (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ta உங்களை (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gl ti (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nl je (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · cs vás (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · ms korang (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · vi various (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tl nila (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · eu zuek (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · mnw ဗှ်ေ (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · he לך (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · de Sie (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · bg тебе (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · fo tykkum (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · tl ikaw (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · id engkau (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · mfe zot (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ccc pi'ti (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ja てまえ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hsn 你 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · evn си (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · or ଆପଣମାନେ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · cdo 汝 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ase 1@InsideChesthigh-RadialUp (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sah эһиги (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · it Loro (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · rup tine (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · de Ihnen (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ja あんた (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ca una (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · nl u (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · lv jūs (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · wa vos (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · cy chwi (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · egl av (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · th สู (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · nrf ou (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · oac си (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · jv jenengan (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · zea julder (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · vec ve (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ar أَنْتُنَّ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fy jo (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gv shiuish (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · su araranjeun (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fro vos (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · aeb اِنْتُومَا (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fo ein (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · eo cin (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · tl inyo (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · th แก (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · it si (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · fj iko (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · de Euch (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ko 너 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ca et (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · mn ᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · tt син (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · pl ty (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · fi teitä (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · bcl kamo (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nb I (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sh ти̑ (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ja 君 (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · wo la (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ang inc (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · eu hi (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · km អ្នក (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · km លោកស្រី (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · st wena (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · za mwngz (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · ltg jius (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · sco youz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · bm aw (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · zea julder (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · xdq и (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ee wò (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · te మీరు (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · et teie (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · lou zo (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · be вы (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · ro dumneavoastră (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · as আপোনাক (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · bn আপনি (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · mt intkom (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · vec voaltri (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sv ni (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · sh ви̑ (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fo tær (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · sco yiz (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · mk вам (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · gd sibh (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ur تُو (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · km អ្នកបង (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · eo vin (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · de Du (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · hsb wój du (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · fa شُمَا (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · th เอ็ง (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · fr vous (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · hu önt (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · ny inu (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · xqa سز (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · pjt nyuntu (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · tji nif (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · za dohmwngz (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · nl ge (indefinite personal pronoun: an unspecified individual or group of individuals) · meu umui (subject pronoun: the group being addressed) · eve хи (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · ca vós (subject pronoun: the person being addressed) · cs tě (object pronoun: the person being addressed) · he אתכן (object pronoun: the group being addressed) · fa تو (subject pronoun: the person being addressed)
From Middle English you, yow, ȝow (object case of ye), from Old English ēow (“you”, dative case of ġē), from Proto-West Germanic *iwwi (“you”, dative case of *jiʀ), from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz (“you”, dative case of *jīz), the Western form of Proto-Germanic *izwiz (“you”, dative case of *jūz), from Proto-Indo-European *yúHs (“you”, plural).
Cognate with Scots you (“you”), Saterland Frisian jou (“you”), West Frisian jo (“you”), Low German jo, joe and oe (“you”), Dutch jou and u (“you”), German euch (“you”), Middle High German eu, iu (“you”, object pronoun), Latin vōs (“you”), Avestan 𐬬𐬋 (vō, “you”), Ashkun yë̃ (“you”), Kamkata-viri šo (“you”), Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyám, “you”).
See usage notes. Ye, you and your are cognate with Dutch jij/je, jou, jouw; Low German ji, jo/ju, jug and German ihr, euch and euer respectively. Ye is also cognate with Danish I and archaic Swedish I. Compare the shift to the second-person singular informal Spanish vos, historically a formal pronoun.
Meanings
(transitive) To address (a person) using the pronoun you (in the past, especially to use you rather than thou, when you was considered more formal).
But even having my very own personal pronoun was risky, because it’s pretty tough to keep stopped-hope stopped up when you are getting all youed up, when someone you really like keeps promising you scary, fun, exciting stuff—and even tougher for the^([sic]) of that moment to remain securely devoid of hope, to make smart, self-denying decisions with Dad you'''ing me—the long ooo of it broad and extended, like a hand. 2004, Ellen Miller, “Practicing”, in Brooklyn Noir, Akashic Books:
Now even Princess Anne had dropped it. Sarah had heard her youing away on television the other night just like the inhabitants of her mother’s dominions beyond the seas. 1992, Barbara Anderson, Portrait of the Artist’s Wife, Victoria University Press, page 272:
Youing consists in relating everything in the conversation to the person you wish to flatter, and introducing the word “you” into your speech as often as possible. 1930, Barrington Hall, Modern Conversation, Brewer & Warren, page 239:
Forms
Spelling
Features
Labels
Source
yu
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
ye
Case=Nom, Number=Plur
alternative, archaic, dialectal
lexicographic
yoh
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yowe
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
yow
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
yow
West-Midlands, alternative
lexicographic
yeh
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
-cha
Polite=Infm
alternative
lexicographic
yuh
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
youe
alternative, obsolete
lexicographic
yew
alternative, obsolete, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yer
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
youing
Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part
lexicographic
yah
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
ya
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yoo
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
yo
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
youed
Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part
lexicographic
youed
Tense=Past
lexicographic
yuo
Polite=Infm
Internet, alternative
lexicographic
y'
Polite=Infm
alternative, pronunciation-spelling
lexicographic
u
Polite=Infm
Internet, alternative
lexicographic
yous
Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres
lexicographic
-ja
Polite=Infm
alternative
lexicographic
Translations (35)
sh говорити ви̑ (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · fr voussoyer (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · ca tractar de vostè (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · dsb wykaś (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · ru обраща́ться на «Вы» (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sv nia (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sh persírati (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · uk ви́кати (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · cs vykat (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · es vosear (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · gmq-scy ia (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · yi אירצן (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · fr vouvoyer (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · pt vosear (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · ru вы́кать (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · nl vousvoyeren (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sh govoriti vȋ (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · et teietama (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · pl zwracać się do kogoś per pani (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · hsb wykać (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · bg обръна се на Вие (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · hu magáz (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · be вы́каць (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · de siezen (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · hu önöz (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sl vikati (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · pl zwracać się do kogoś per pan (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · kea nha (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sk vykať (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · fi teititellä (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · bg обръщам се на Вие (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · it dare del Lei (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · is þéra (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · es ustedear (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun) · sh перси́рати (to address using the more formal second-person pronoun)
you en · NOUN · etymology 2
Meanings
The name of the Latin script letter U/u.
‘Eff. You. En,’ said Mr Banstead. ‘Fun![…]’ 1969, Michael Feld, The Sabbatical Year, London: Alan Ross Ltd, page 301:
It said, in a whispering, buzzing voice, "Gee-you-ess-ess-ay-dash-em-ee-ar-ar-wye-dash-em-eye-en-gee-oh-dash-pee-eye-pee-dash-pee-ee-ar-ar-wye-dash-pee-eye-en-gee-oh." 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:
‘S-S-C…sitting on a tree…eff-you-cee-kay-i-en-ji.’ 2019, Anand Ranganathan, Chitra Subramaniam, The Rat Eater, Bloomsbury India, →ISBN: