syncope en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈsɪŋ.kə.pi/ (Australia, Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation)
- (California) audio
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱe? Proto-Indo-European *ḱómder.? Proto-Indo-European *sem-der.? Proto-Hellenic *ksún Ancient Greek σύν (sún) Ancient Greek συν- (sun-) Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-? Proto-Hellenic *kopt͏̌ō Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō) Ancient Greek συγκόπτω (sunkóptō) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-ā́ Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā) Ancient Greek -η (-ē) Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ)bor. Latin syncopēlbor. English syncope Learned borrowing from Late Latin syncopē, from Ancient Greek συγκοπή (sunkopḗ), from συγκόπτω (sunkóptō, “cut up”) + -η (-ē, nominalization suffix), from σύν (sún, “beside, with”) + κόπτω (kóptō, “strike, cut off”). Partly continues the (near-)doublets syncopis and sincopin, both from the Old French sincopin (“faintness”) (itself from Late Latin accusative syncopen), with the pathological meaning "a loss of consciousness accompanied by a weak pulse", attested from the fifteenth century. Usage in the form syncope, with the phonological meaning "contraction of a word by omission of middle sounds or letters" attested from the 1520s. Syncopis and sincopin were "re-Latinized" to the form syncope in English in the sixteenth century. The musical usage first occurs after the 1660s, following the musical usage of syncopation and syncopate.
Meanings
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(countable, uncountable) The elision or loss of a sound from the interior of a word, especially of a vowel sound with loss of a syllable.
[…]; on the contrary, all syllables subject in the same way to elision, apocope, syncope, and slurring must have the same degree of stress (i.e. they must be alike unaccented) whether preceded by short or by long root-syllables.
1910, Jakob Schipper, A History of English Versification:
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(countable, uncountable) A loss of consciousness when fainting.
Schneider, the father of rhinology, mentions a woman in whom the odor of orange-flowers produced syncope.
1896, George M. Gould, Walter Lytle Pyle, Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine:Sometimes, without any apparent cause, I sank, little by little, into a condition of semi-syncope, or half swoon; and, in this condition, without pain, without ability to stir, or, strictly speaking, to think, but with a dull lethargic consciousness of life and of the presence of those who surrounded my bed, I remained, until the crisis of the disease restored me, suddenly, to perfect sensation.
1844, Edgar Allan Poe, The Premature Burial:[…]the rapidly-whitening face, the miserable fixed smile, meant a syncope within the next few bars.
1973, Patrick O'Brian, HMS Surprise:
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(countable, uncountable) A missed beat or off-beat stress in music resulting in syncopation.
She was a volatile creature, full of mischievous surprise: at their first music practice, after playing over some hymns on the pipe-organ, she burst into jazz, filling the quiet grove with the clamorous syncope of Paddy-Paws, a favourite song that summer.
1922, Christopher Morley, Where the Blue Begins:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| syncopes | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| syncopé | alternative, obsolete | lexicographic |
Antonyms
Coordinates
near-syncope · pre-syncope · apocope · pseudosyncope · presyncope
Deriveds
syncopist · unsyncopated · syncopic · syncopation · syncopal · micturition syncope · nonsyncopated · syncopize · syncopate · post-micturition syncope
Hypernyms
Synonyms
faint · swoon · fainting · lipothymia
Translations (82)
la syncopē (loss of consciousness) · pt síncope (loss of consciousness) · el συγκοπή (absence of a sound) · pl synkopa (missed beat or off-beat stress) · ja 語中音消失 (absence of a sound) · fr pâmoison (loss of consciousness) · he עלפון (loss of consciousness) · la languor (loss of consciousness) · fi pyörtyminen (loss of consciousness) · bg синко́п (absence of a sound) · ru синко́па (missed beat or off-beat stress) · br meztroc'h (absence of a sound) · ca síncope (loss of consciousness) · gl agavante (loss of consciousness) · ru синко́па (absence of a sound) · nl syncope (absence of a sound) · fr syncope (absence of a sound) · fi sisäheitto (absence of a sound) · de Synkope (missed beat or off-beat stress) · oc esvaniment (loss of consciousness) · cmn 昏厥 (loss of consciousness) · da synkope (absence of a sound) · cs synkopa (loss of consciousness) · fa غش (loss of consciousness) · oc esvanida (loss of consciousness) · mk си́нкопа (absence of a sound) · ja 気絶 (loss of consciousness) · hu szinkópa (absence of a sound) · ms lenyap bunyi (absence of a sound) · cs synkopa (missed beat or off-beat stress) · pl synkopa (absence of a sound) · el συγκοπή (missed beat or off-beat stress) · oc sincòpa (absence of a sound) · tr bayılma (loss of consciousness) · gl trastavai (loss of consciousness) · es síncopa (absence of a sound) · hu hangugratás (absence of a sound) · ms sinkope (absence of a sound) · nl syncope (missed beat or off-beat stress) · es síncope (absence of a sound) · cmn 暈厥 /晕厥 (loss of consciousness) · gd fannachadh (loss of consciousness) · bg припадък (loss of consciousness) · pt síncope (absence of a sound) · fr syncope (missed beat or off-beat stress) · de Ohnmacht (loss of consciousness) · gl dada (loss of consciousness) · fi synkopee (absence of a sound) · cmn 中略語 /中略语 (absence of a sound) · gl desvano (loss of consciousness) · it sincope (loss of consciousness) · sv synkop (missed beat or off-beat stress) · vi rụng âm (absence of a sound) · cs mdloba (loss of consciousness) · hu ájulás (loss of consciousness) · es síncopa (missed beat or off-beat stress) · sv synkope (absence of a sound) · de Synkope (absence of a sound) · cy rhyngddoriad (absence of a sound) · bg синко́п (loss of consciousness) · is brottfall (missed beat or off-beat stress) · fi synkooppi (missed beat or off-beat stress) · de Synkope (loss of consciousness) · fr syncope (loss of consciousness) · hu tudatvesztés (loss of consciousness) · ar إِغْمَاء (loss of consciousness) · ru о́бморок (loss of consciousness) · oc sincòpi (loss of consciousness) · gl testabau (loss of consciousness) · el λιποθυμία (loss of consciousness) · es síncope (loss of consciousness) · ru синко́па (loss of consciousness) · cs synkopa (absence of a sound) · hu szinkópa (missed beat or off-beat stress) · es soponcio (loss of consciousness) · fa سنکوپ (loss of consciousness) · fi synkopee (loss of consciousness) · cmn 切分音 (missed beat or off-beat stress) · tr senkop (loss of consciousness) · nl syncope (loss of consciousness) · hu eszméletvesztés (loss of consciousness) · sq sinkopë (absence of a sound)