surname en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- sûrʹnām' (US)
- (UK) audio
- (US) audio
- sûʹnām' (Received-Pronunciation)
- /ˈsɝˌneɪm/ (US)
- /ˈsɜːˌneɪm/ (Received-Pronunciation)
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English surname, a partial calque of Old French surnum, surnoun (“surname; nickname”) (whence Middle English surnoun), from Late Latin supernōmen, suprānōmen (“surname”), from super- (“over, above, beyond”) and nōmen (“name”), equivalent to sur- + name.
Meanings
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The portion of a person's name that is generally hereditary or treated as an indicator of a person's family, which may be shared with other members of the family, or otherwise derived from their names in some fashion; distinguished from that person's given name(s).
James is my first name, and Smith is my surname.
In late yeeres Surnames have beene given for Christian names among vs, and no where else in Christendom.
1605, William Camden, Remaines, I 32:The Norman Conquest...brought with it the novelty of family nomenclature, that is to say, the use of hereditary surnames.
1876, E. A. Freeman, The History of the Norman Conquest, V xxv 563:
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(obsolete) Synonym of epithet, an additional name, particularly those derived from a birthplace, quality, or achievement.
To his sur-name Coriolanus longs more pride Then pitty to our Prayers.
c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], line 171:Barsabas (whose syrname was Iustus).
1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts j:[23]:My sirname is Peace-Maker, one that is but poorely regarded in England.
1590, Richard Harvey, Plaine Percevall the peace-maker of England, Sweetly indeuoring with his blunt persuasions to botch vp a reconciliation between Mar-ton and Mar-tother, B3:
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(obsolete) Synonym of nickname, an additional name given to a person, place, or thing, a byname.
I have before declared that Baal was the Sun, and Baal Peor, a sirname, from a particular place of his worship.
1638, Abraham Cowley, Davideis, section IV:
- (Classical-studies) The cognomen of Roman names.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| surnames | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| sur-name | alternative, obsolete | lexicographic | |
| sirname | alternative | lexicographic |
Coordinates
cognomen · nickname · aneponymous · given name · epithet · middle name
Deriveds
surnamey · surnameless · occupational surname · surnominal
Holonyms
Hypernyms
Hyponyms
patronym · bride's name · matronym · eponym · maiden name · matronymic · nomen · patronymic · occupational surname
Relateds
aneponymous · aftername · surnameless
Synonyms
byname · to-name · last name · family name · surname · epithet · cognomen · nickname
Translations (219)
gl apelido (name that indicates family) · nb etternamn (name that indicates family) · scn cugnomu (name that indicates family) · ary كنوة (name that indicates family) · st difane (name that indicates family) · wuu 姓氏 (name that indicates family) · csb nôzwëskò (name that indicates family) · jv jeneng pancer (name that indicates family) · tr soyadı (name that indicates family) · kn ಉಪನಾಮ (name that indicates family) · az soyad (name that indicates family) · tg насаб (name that indicates family) · tr soyad (name that indicates family) · yue 姓 (name that indicates family) · sh prèzime (name that indicates family) · hi उपनाम (name that indicates family) · be про́звішча (name that indicates family) · ml കുലനാമം (name that indicates family) · hak 姓 (name that indicates family) · se sohkanamma (name that indicates family) · nhe tzonquīzcā (name that indicates family) · enm surnoun (name that indicates family) · cmn 姓氏 (name that indicates family) · lo ຊື່ສະກຸນ (name that indicates family) · ast apellíu (name that indicates family) · rsk презвиско (name that indicates family) · kmr leqeb (name that indicates family) · mn овог нэр (name that indicates family) · ota لقب (name that indicates family) · bn উপাধি (name that indicates family) · eu abizen (name that indicates family) · izh sukunimi (name that indicates family) · gu ઉપનામ (name that indicates family) · sl priimek (name that indicates family) · mk пре́зиме (name that indicates family) · oc nom d'ostal (name that indicates family) · th แซ่ (name that indicates family) · pt último nome (name that indicates family) · lv uzvārds (name that indicates family) · or ଉପନାମ (name that indicates family) · ca llinatge (name that indicates family) · cy cyfenw (name that indicates family) · gl alcuño (name that indicates family) · kmr paşnav (name that indicates family) · st fane (name that indicates family) · km នាមត្រកូល (name that indicates family) · gv sliennoo (name that indicates family) · ur لَقَب (name that indicates family) · dng щин (name that indicates family) · fa-ira نامِ خانِوَادِگی (name that indicates family) · mr आडनाव (name that indicates family) · my ရိုးရာအမည် (name that indicates family) · gu અટક (name that indicates family) · ja 姓 (name that indicates family) · nb slektsnamn (name that indicates family) · bg фами́лно и́ме (name that indicates family) · et perekonnanimi (name that indicates family) · fa-ira اِسْمِ فامیل (name that indicates family) · fi sukunimi (name that indicates family) · kk тегі (name that indicates family) · fo ættarnavn (name that indicates family) · cdo 姓氏 (name that indicates family) · ky уругат (name that indicates family) · hi कुलनाम (name that indicates family) · cv хушамат (name that indicates family) · si වාසගම (name that indicates family) · ga sloinne (name that indicates family) · ca cognom (name that indicates family) · vo famülanem (name that indicates family) · ne थर (name that indicates family) · ro patronim (name that indicates family) · ia nomine de familia (name that indicates family) · mhr фамилий (name that indicates family) · se namma (name that indicates family) · sms famiʹljnõmm (name that indicates family) · ar اِسْم الْعَائِلَة (name that indicates family) · sah араспаанньа (name that indicates family) · sk priezvisko (name that indicates family) · ps لقب (name that indicates family) · sv efternamn (name that indicates family) · enm surname (name that indicates family) · de Nachname (name that indicates family) · ps تخلص (name that indicates family) · is eftirnafn (name that indicates family) · lo ວົງສະກຸນ (name that indicates family) · is kenninafn (name that indicates family) · ug فامىلە (name that indicates family) · vi họ (name that indicates family) · bg фами́лия (name that indicates family) · es apellido (name that indicates family) · ia supernomine (name that indicates family) · zu isibongo (name that indicates family) · be про́зьвішча (name that indicates family) · eu deitura (name that indicates family) · enm toname (name that indicates family) · mt kunjom (name that indicates family) · oc nom de familha (name that indicates family) · ur کُل نام (name that indicates family) · fr nom (name that indicates family) · es apelativo (name that indicates family) · da efternavn (name that indicates family) · kk әулетесім (name that indicates family) · br anv-tiegezh (name that indicates family) · kk ата-тек (name that indicates family) · fo eftirnavn (name that indicates family) · ja 苗字 (name that indicates family) · ny dzina la bambo (name that indicates family) · yue 姓氏 (name that indicates family) · lo ວົງວານ (name that indicates family) · os мыггаг (name that indicates family) · sv familjenamn (name that indicates family) · nb namn (name that indicates family) · he שֵׁם מִשׁפָּחָה (name that indicates family) · pl nazwisko (name that indicates family) · te ఇంటిపేరు (name that indicates family) · nl familienaam (name that indicates family) · kk фамилия (name that indicates family) · ru фами́лия (name that indicates family) · lt pavardė (name that indicates family) · ur خانْدانی نام (name that indicates family) · es cognombre (name that indicates family) · uz laqab (name that indicates family) · wuu 姓 (name that indicates family) · ky теги (name that indicates family) · vi tên họ (name that indicates family) · la cōgnōmen (name that indicates family) · grc ἐπωνύμιον (name that indicates family) · mn ᠣᠪᠤᠭ (name that indicates family) · fa-ira لَقَب (name that indicates family) · se goargu (name that indicates family) · ky фамилия (name that indicates family) · swg Familiename (name that indicates family) · nb etternavn (name that indicates family) · ta குடும்பப்பெயர் (name that indicates family) · da familienavn (name that indicates family) · alt мамиле (name that indicates family) · sh прѐзиме (name that indicates family) · ky атанаама (name that indicates family) · tg номи хонаводагӣ (name that indicates family) · nb familienamn (name that indicates family) · gd sloinneadh (name that indicates family) · hsb swójbne mjeno (name that indicates family) · de Familienname (name that indicates family) · tg фамилия (name that indicates family) · cs příjmení (name that indicates family) · id marga (name that indicates family) · pa ਉਪਨਾਮ (name that indicates family) · ia ultime nomine (name that indicates family) · ko 성 (name that indicates family) · uk прі́звище (name that indicates family) · th นามสกุล (name that indicates family) · hak 姓氏 (name that indicates family) · tk familiýa (name that indicates family) · nb familienavn (name that indicates family) · sq mbiemër (name that indicates family) · lb Familljennumm (name that indicates family) · el επίθετο (name that indicates family) · pt nome de família (name that indicates family) · mk презиме (name that indicates family) · ary كْنيّة (name that indicates family) · it cognome (name that indicates family) · pt sobrenome (name that indicates family) · br anv-familh (name that indicates family) · tl apelyido (name that indicates family) · uz familiya (name that indicates family) · wa no d' famile (name that indicates family) · bcl apelyido (name that indicates family) · ro nume patronimic (name that indicates family) · mnc ᡥᠠᠯᠠ (name that indicates family) · kw hanow (name that indicates family) · nb slektsnavn (name that indicates family) · aii ܟܘܼܢܵܝܵܐ (name that indicates family) · cmn 姓 (name that indicates family) · ar كُنْيَة (name that indicates family) · fr nom de famille (name that indicates family) · xh ifani (name that indicates family) · io surnomo (name that indicates family) · yi משפּחה־נאָמען (name that indicates family) · el επώνυμο (name that indicates family) · hi कुल नाम (name that indicates family) · is ættarnafn (name that indicates family) · mi ingoa whānau (name that indicates family) · nb navn (name that indicates family) · ks کرٛام (name that indicates family) · rue пру́звище (name that indicates family) · hu családnév (name that indicates family) · mn ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ (name that indicates family) · ro nume (name that indicates family) · ar لَقَب (name that indicates family) · eo familia nomo (name that indicates family) · fr patronyme (name that indicates family) · eo familinomo (name that indicates family) · tr soyisim (name that indicates family) · ms nama keluarga (name that indicates family) · af van (name that indicates family) · da slægtsnavn (name that indicates family) · ce фамили (name that indicates family) · br anv (name that indicates family) · ang tōnama (name that indicates family) · lad alkunya (name that indicates family) · hu vezetéknév (name that indicates family) · ro nume de familie (name that indicates family) · mww xeem (name that indicates family) · ur اُپ نام (name that indicates family) · mn овог (name that indicates family) · ba фамилия (name that indicates family) · ja 名字 (name that indicates family) · id nama keluarga (name that indicates family) · nl achternaam (name that indicates family) · ko 성씨 (name that indicates family) · izh familia (name that indicates family) · nan-hbl 字姓 (name that indicates family) · lo ນາມສະກຸນ (name that indicates family) · hy ազգանուն (name that indicates family) · sw jina la ukoo (name that indicates family) · tt фамилия (name that indicates family) · mhr ешлӱм (name that indicates family) · ps کورنی نوم (name that indicates family) · ka გვარი (name that indicates family)