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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

of en · ADP · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • (US, unstressed) audio
  • (US) audio
  • ŭv
  • əv
  • /əf/ (South-Asia)
  • /ɔf/ (South-Asia)
  • /ɔv/ (Australia, British, New-Zealand, Southern, Standard)
  • /əv/ (Western)
  • /ə/ (Western) before a consonant
  • (General-American) audio
  • /ə/ (South-Asia) before a consonant
  • əf
  • ŏv
  • /ɒv/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • ŏf
  • /ʌv/ (US)
  • [ɐv~ʌv~əv] (US)

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Proto-West Germanic *ab Old English æf Old English of Middle English of English of From Middle English of, from Old English of (“from, out of, off”), an unstressed form of æf, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“away; away from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away”). Doublet of off, which is the stressed descendant of the same Old English word. More at off.

Meanings

  1. (dialectal, obsolete, qualifier:except in phrases) Expressing distance or motion. ▸ From (a place); off.
    • Against headache, vertigo, vapours which ascend forth of the stomach to molest the head, read Hercules de Saxonia and others. 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 3, member 5, subsection 2:
    • Take the chicken out of the freezer.
    • Sir said Galahad by this shelde ben many merueils fallen / Sir sayd the knyght hit befelle after the passion of our lord Ihesu Crist xxxij yere that Ioseph of Armathye the gentyl knyghte / the whiche took doune oure lord of the hooly Crosse att that tyme he departed from Iherusalem with a grete party of his kynred with hym 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter X, in Le Morte Darthur, book XIII:
  2. (qualifier:obsolete except in phrases) Expressing distance or motion. ▸ Since, from (a given time, earlier state etc.).
    • one that I brought vp of a puppy […] I was sent to deliuer him, as a present to Mistris Siluia, from my Master. c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:
    • And he axed his father: howe longe is it agoo, sens this hath happened hym? And he sayde, of a chylde. 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Mark:
    • He hasn't been well of late.
    • Obama has been obliged to make nice of late in hope of rescuing the moribund two-state process and preventing resumed West Bank settlement building. 2010 July 29, Simon Tisdall, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
  3. Expressing distance or motion. ▸ From, away from (a position, number, distance etc.).
    • There are no shops within twenty miles of the cottage.
    • There are now upwards of 1.4 million 99ers in America facing a life with no benefits and few prospects for finding a job in a market in which companies are still not hiring. 2010 November 7, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • Though Washington does not officially recognize Moscow, the Hoover Administration permits a Soviet Russian Information Bureau to flourish in a modest red brick house on Massachusetts Avenue, within a mile of the White House. 1932 September 30, Time:
  4. Expressing separation. ▸ Indicating removal, absence or separation, with the action indicated by a transitive verb and the quality or substance by a grammatical object.
    • Antigonus [took] upon him to favour a souldier of his by reason of his vertue and valour, to have great care of him, and see whether they could recover him of a lingering and inward disease which had long tormented him […] 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter I, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
    • I am almost entirely cured of my rheumatism—just a little pain in my knee now and then, to make me remember what it was, and keep on flannel. 1816 February 20, Jane Austen, Letter:
    • And ther with on his handes and on his knees he wente soo nyghe that he touched the holy vessel / and kyste hit / and anone he was hole / and thenne he sayd lord god I thanke the / for I am helyd of this sekenesse 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xviij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XIII:
    • In Houston, ten minutes after the Lindquist Finance Corp. was robbed of $447, Office Manager Howard Willson got a phone call from the thief who complained: "You didn't have enough money over there." 1951 September 3, Time:
    • Finally she was relieved of the burden of caring for her sick husband.
  5. Expressing separation. ▸ Indicating removal, absence or separation, with resulting state indicated by an adjective.
    • But schemes are perfectly accidental: some will appear barren of hints and matter, but prove to be fruitful […] 1731 August 28, Jonathan Swift, Letter:
    • Yet for long spells Villa looked laboured and devoid of ideas. 2010 October 31, Stuart James, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • He seemed devoid of human feelings.
  6. (obsolete) Expressing separation. ▸ Indicating removal, absence or separation, construed with an intransitive verb.
    • He was kindly treated by the people at Saco, and recovered of his wounds. 1822, Jacob Bailey Moore, New Hampshire, volume 1, page 5:
  7. Expressing origin. ▸ Indicating an ancestral source or origin of descent.
    • My father was born of a family of weavers in Manchester, England. 1954, The Rotarian, volume 85:6:
    • The word is believed to be of Japanese origin.
    • They wondred all, and marveylled sayinge amonge themselves: Loke, are not all these which speake off galile? And howe heare we every man his awne tongue wherein we were boren? 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts:
    • Nothing may come of these ideas, yet their potential should not be dismissed. 2010, “The Cost of Repair”, in The Economist:
  8. Expressing origin. ▸ Introducing an epithet that indicates a birthplace, residence, dominion, or other place associated with the individual.
    • Anselm of Canterbury (after diocese)
    • Pedro II of Brazil (after dominion)
    • Jesus of Nazareth (after hometown)
    • Anselm of Aosta (after birthplace)
    • Mrs Miggins of Gasworks Road, Mudchester (after place of residence)
    • Anselm of Bec (after monastery)
  9. Expressing origin. ▸ Indicating a (non-physical) source of action or emotion; introducing a cause, instigation; from, out of, as an expression of.
    • The invention was born of necessity.
    • Undoubtedly it is to be understood, that inflicting deserved punishment on all evil doers, of right, belongs to God. 1803, John Smalley, Sermons:
    • The woman who danced for me said she was there of her own free will, but when I pushed a bit further, I discovered that she "owed a man a lot of money", and had to pay it back quickly. 2008 December 3, Rowenna Davis, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • Faire knyght said Palomydes me semeth we haue assayed eyther other passyng sore / and yf hit may please the / I requyre the of thy knyghthode telle me thy name / Sir said the knyȝt to Palomydes / that is me loth to doo / for thou hast done me wronge. 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter XIX, in Le Morte Darthur, book X:
  10. (qualifier:following an intransitive verb) Expressing origin. ▸ Indicates the source or cause of the verb.
    • He smelled of beer and cigarette smoke and his own body. 2006, Joyce Carol Oates, The Female of the Species:
    • It is said that she died of a broken heart.
    • Two men, one from Somalia and one from Zimbabwe, died of terminal illnesses shortly after their incarceration ended. 2010 October 5, Rebecca Omonira-Oyekanmi, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
  11. (qualifier:following an adjective) Expressing origin. ▸ Indicates the subject or cause of the adjective.
    • Thus, one finds individuals dead of a gunshot wound with potentially lethal levels of drugs. 2015, Vincent J. M. DiMaio, Gunshot Wounds:
    • Lib Dems were appalled by Mr Boles’s offer, however kindly meant: the party is so frightened of losing its independence under Mr Clegg that such a pact would “kill” him, says a senior member. 2010 September 23, Bagehot, The Economist:
    • I am tired of all this nonsense.
  12. (qualifier:following a passive verb) Expressing agency. ▸ Indicates the agent (for most verbs, now usually expressed with by).
    • After a good while, the iewes toke cousell amonge themselves to kyll him. But their layinges awayte wer knowen of Saul. 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts:
    • The family is ordained of God. 1995, The Family: A Proclamation to the World, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints:
    • [S]he might appeare to be the lively patterne of another Lucrece, yet know I certainly that, both before that time and afterward, she had beene enjoyed of others upon easier composition. 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter I, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
    • Colombia and Venezuela share an elegantly restrained style, with much back-stepping, smaller hand-movements and little use of the elaborate, arm-tangling moves beloved of Cuban dancers. 2008 March 27, “Selling rhythm to the world”, in The Economist:
    • I am not particularly enamoured of this idea.
  13. Expressing agency. ▸ Used to introduce the “subjective genitive”; following a noun to form the head of a postmodifying noun phrase (see also ‘Possession’ senses below).
    • In Blood and Sand, meanwhile, Valentino repeatedly solicits the attention of women who have turned away from him. 1994, Paul Coates, Film at the Intersection of High and Mass Culture, page 136:
    • The contract can be terminated at any time with the agreement of both parties.
    • Somehow Croatia has escaped the opprobrium of the likes of the German Christian Democrats and others that are against any rapid enlargement of the European Union to the include rest of the western Balkans. 2009 December 28, “Head to head”, in The Economist:
  14. (qualifier:following an adjective) Expressing agency. ▸ Used to indicate the agent of something described by the adjective.
    • It was very brave of you to speak out like that.
    • Morrissey's spokesperson says he is considering the offer. It would perhaps be rude of him to decline. 2007 January 10, Dorian Lynskey, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • When this was over, Mr. Woodhouse gratefully observed,—"It is very kind of you, Mr. Knightley, to come out at this late hour to call upon us." 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], Emma: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
  15. (after a verb expressing construction, qualifier:making etc.) Expressing composition, substance. ▸ Used to indicate the material or substance used.
    • The mallet is made of a hard heavy wood resembling ebony, is about twelve inches in length, and perhaps two in breadth, with a rounded handle at one end, and in shape is the exact counterpart of one of our four-sided razor-strops. 1846 February 26, Herman Melville, chapter XIX, in Narrative of a Four Months’ Residence among the Natives of a Valley of the Marquesas Islands; or, A Peep at Polynesian Life [Typee], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, part I, page 164:
    • Many 'corks' are now actually made of plastic.
  16. (qualifier:directly following a noun) Expressing composition, substance. ▸ Used to indicate the material of the just-mentioned object.
    • She wore a dress of silk.
    • It's 25km of rolling pitch from the start of the 175 to Nansi. If you want to continue riding through more undeveloped natural landscape, head up the east side of Tsengwen Reservoir. 2014, Robert Kelly, Chung Wah Chow, Taiwan, 9th edition, Lonely Planet, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 253:
    • Perhaps symbolically, Van Doesburg was building a house of straw: he died within a few months of completion, not in Meudon but in Davos, of a heart attack following a bout of asthma. 2010 January 23, Simon Mawer, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
  17. Expressing composition, substance. ▸ Indicating the composition of a given collective or quantitative noun.
    • I'll have a dozen of those apples, please.
    • His papers at this period contain a mass of very unedifying and uninteresting documents […]. 1844 January–December, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “The Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq. [The Luck of Barry Lyndon.]”, in Miscellanies: Prose and Verse, volume III, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1856, →OCLC:
    • What a lot of nonsense!
    • He is never chased; he would run away with rope-walks of line. 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter XXXII, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 153:
    • I'd expected to be confronted by oodles of barely suppressed tension and leather-clad, pouty-mouthed, large-haired sexiness; the visual shorthand of rock gods in general, and Jon Bon Jovi in particular. 2010 October 31, Polly Vernon, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
  18. Expressing composition, substance. ▸ Used to link a given class of things with a specific example of that class.
    • Welcome to the historic town of Harwich.
    • This having the rainy month of March and April to water it, sprung up very pleasantly, and yielded a very good crop […]. 1719 May 6 (Gregorian calendar), [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], →OCLC:
    • In his studio in the Behlendorf woods, near the Baltic city of Lübeck, Günter Grass reflects on the outcry over his fictive memoir Peeling the Onion. 2010 October 30, Maya Jaggi, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • Germany's formal name is the Federal Republic of Germany.
  19. Expressing composition, substance. ▸ Links two nouns in near-apposition, with the first qualifying the second; “which is also”.
    • As he swallowed the soup his heart warmed to this fool of a girl. 1911, Katherine Mansfield, In a German Pension:
    • "I'm having a bitch of a day," he says, after ordering a restorative pint of Guinness and flopping down in a seat by the front window. 2010 August 22, Sean O'Hagan, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • I'm not driving this wreck of a car.
  20. Introducing subject matter. ▸ Links an intransitive verb, or a transitive verb and its subject (especially verbs to do with thinking, feeling, expressing etc.), with its subject-matter; concerning, with regard to.
    • while producing Cook, which includes more than 250 seasonal recipes by 80 different chefs, we washed up more than 500 times (oh, how I dreamed of dishwashers). 2010 October 19, Rebecca Seal, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • You must not judge of Celia's feeling from mine. I think she likes these small pets. 1871, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter III, in Middlemarch […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I, page 44:
    • [H]e spoke of his uncle with warm regard, was fond of talking of him […] 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], Emma: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
    • I'm always thinking of you.
  21. (qualifier:following a noun (now chiefly nouns of knowledge, communication etc.)) Introducing subject matter. ▸ Introduces its subject matter; about, concerning.
    • Recession and rising unemployment have put paid to most thoughts of further EU enlargement. 2010 October 21, The Economist:
    • He told us the story of his journey to India.
  22. (qualifier:following an adjective) Introducing subject matter. ▸ Introduces its subject matter.
    • The same secludedness and isolation to which the schoolmaster whale betakes himself in his advancing years, is true of all aged Sperm Whales. 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
    • This behaviour is typical of teenagers.
  23. (qualifier:following a number or other quantitive word) Having partitive effect. ▸ Introduces the whole for which is indicated only the specified part or segment; “from among”.
    • The dead bodies of the Koreish were despoiled and insulted; two of the most obnoxious prisoners were punished with death […] 1788, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume VI, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC:
    • Most of these apples are rotten.
    • Many of the civilisational achievements of Mesopotamia are the product of that symbiosis. 2010 November 10, Michael Wood, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • But as for me said sire Gareth I medle not of their maters therfore there is none of them that loueth me / And for I vnderstande they be murtherers of good knyghtes I lefte theyre company 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “lviij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book X:
  24. (qualifier:following a noun) Having partitive effect. ▸ Indicates a given part.
    • That, I think, is the buried core of the outrage people feel most generally. 2006, Norman Mailer, The Big Empty:
    • everyone, even the ladies of the village, called the dish tzigayner shmeklekh, or “gypsies' penises.” 2005, Naomi Wolf, The Treehouse, page 58:
    • We want a larger slice of the cake.
  25. (archaic, literary, qualifier:or as a predicate after to be, with preceding partitive word assumed) Having partitive effect. ▸ Some, an amount of, one of.
    • On the whole, they seem to be of the decent sort.
    • And the folysshe sayde to the wyse: geve us of youre oyle, for oure lampes goo out? 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew:
    • My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains / My sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk, […] 1819, John Keats, “Ode to a Nightingale”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 107:
    • Dunning, however, is of the old school, and does not like new faces; so he will have no Irishman at his door, as is the case with two out of three of the houses at which one calls, now-a-days. 1846, [James Fenimore Cooper], chapter IV, in The Redskins; or, Indian and Injin: […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: Burgess & Stringer, →OCLC, page 56:
  26. Having partitive effect. ▸ Links to a genitive noun or possessive pronoun, with partitive effect (though now often merged with possessive senses, below; see also double possessive).
    • In its flattering way, the press tried to invest this habit of Bush's with the sense that it was indicative of a particularly sharp wit. 2010 August 27, Michael Tomasky, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • He is just what I should have liked a son of mine to be. 1893, Oscar Wilde, A Woman of No Importance, section IV:
    • He is a friend of mine.
  27. Expressing possession. ▸ Belonging to, existing in, or taking place in a given location, place or time. Compare “origin” senses, above.
    • Thus, as he dressed, the thoughts and the rage of yesterday began to stir and move in his mind again. 1908, E. F. Benson, The Blotting Book:
    • Within ten seconds, the citizens of New York, Cleveland, Detroit and Toronto were being given first-hand experience of what it was like to live in the nineteenth century. 2003 August 20, Julian Borger, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • The building was erected in two years, at the parochial expence, on the foundation of the former one, which was irreparably damaged by the hurricane of Auguſt, 1712. 1774, Edward Long, The History of Jamaica. Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island, volume 2, book 2, chapter 7, 5:
    • He was perhaps the most famous scientist of the twentieth century.
  28. Expressing possession. ▸ Belonging to (a place) through having title, ownership or control over it.
    • The third son, William John (1826-1902), was headmaster of the Boys' British School, Hitchin […] 2001, Dictionary of National Biography, page 27:
    • The owner of the nightclub was arrested.
    • In a much-anticipated radio broadcast the Duke of Edinburgh said last night that Britain will be a grim place in the year 2000 […] 1977 October 28, “(please specify the article title)”, in Peter Preston, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
  29. Expressing possession. ▸ Belonging to (someone or something) as something they possess or have as a characteristic; the “possessive genitive”. (With abstract nouns, this intersects with the subjective genitive, above under “agency” senses.)
    • Keep the handle of the saucepan away from the flames.
    • It amounts to knocking on the door of No 10 then running away. 2010 October 29, Marina Hyde, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • The breasts of young girls sometimes become tender at puberty in sympathy with the evolution of the sexual organs […] 1933, Havelock Ellis, Psychology of Sex, volume 4:
  30. Forming the “objective genitive”.
  31. Forming the “objective genitive”. ▸ Follows an agent noun, verbal noun or noun of action.
    • And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 4::
    • She had a profound distrust of the police.
    • Antifeminism has been a credible cover and an effective vehicle because the hatred of women is not politically anathema on either the Right or the Left. 2000, Sheila Ruth, Issues in Feminism:
  32. (archaic, literary) Expressing qualities or characteristics. ▸ Links an adjective with a noun or noun phrase to form a quasi-adverbial qualifier; in respect to, as regards.
    • My companion seemed affable and easy of manner.
    • He was huge, raw-boned, knotty, long of body and long of leg, with the head of a war charger. 1917, Zane Gray, Wildfire, page 35:
    • Still nimble of mind and fleet of foot, Morris buzzed here and there, linking well and getting stuck in at every opportunity. 2004 August 11, Sean Ingle, “(please specify the article title)”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • This fact becomes very noticeable when a cultivated tongue ceases to be used any longer by the educated, and is heard only from the mouths of the illiterate. The variations which spring up under such circumstances are easy of observation, because we have an ideal standard preserved by which to compare the present with the past. 1879, Thomas Raynesford Lounsbury, History of the English Language, page 112:
  33. Expressing qualities or characteristics. ▸ Indicates a quality or characteristic; “characterized by”.
    • Pooh was said to be a bear of very little brain.
    • His frank acceptance of the situation marks him as either an innocent man, or else as a man of considerable self-restraint and firmness. 1891, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Boscombe Valley Mystery:
    • No other man has made so deep a mark on his time and on our world unless he has been a man of action, a Cromwell or a Napoleon. 1951, Jacob Bronowski, The Common Sense of Science:
  34. Expressing qualities or characteristics. ▸ Indicates quantity, age, price, etc.
    • A young man of 20 has been paying interest at an exorbitant rate of 10%.
    • She was a tall young girl of about twenty-two or three, holding herself erect and with fine dignity. 1903, Frank Norris, The Pit, Doubleday, published 1924, page 4:
    • A police car, traveling southbound at a speed of 40.0 m/s, approaches with its siren producing sound at a frequency of 2 500 Hz. 1996, Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Principles of Physics, published 2006, page 428:
  35. (US, informal, qualifier:considered incorrect by some) Expressing qualities or characteristics. ▸ Used to link singular indefinite nouns (preceded by the indefinite article) and attributive adjectives modified by certain common adverbs of degree.
    • It's not that big of a deal. (Standard form: It's not that big a deal.)
    • While it is quite obvious that the state continues to try and dilute the voting power of Native Americans, at least as big of a challenge is the need for mobilizing Native American voters. 2017, Jean Reith Schroedel, Artour Aslanian, “A Case Study of Descriptive Representation: The Experience of Native American Elected Officials in South Dakota”, in American Indian Quarterly, volume 41, number 3, page 278:
    • For some individuals, even 1000 calories/day may be too great of a deficit. 1998, Lyle McDonald, The Ketogenic Diet: A Complete Guide for the Dieter and Practitioner, page 98:
    • Such hegemonic projects often appropriate certain local traditions and re-inscribe them as "national," while dismissing other traditions which pose too great of a threat to the reproduction of the existing socio-political order. 1990, Mary Crain, “The Social Construction of National Identity in Highland Ecuador”, in Anthropological Quarterly, volume 61, number 1, page 43:
  36. (regional) Expressing a point in time. ▸ During the course of (a set period of time, day of the week etc.), now specifically with implied repetition or regularity.
    • If there was a type Ida despised, Sir Claude communicated to Maisie, it was the man who pottered about town of a Sunday […] 1897 October 16, Henry James, What Maisie Knew, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Herbert S. Stone & Co., →OCLC:
    • For, sometimes of an afternoon when Miss Pupford has been reading the paper through her little gold eye-glass[…], she has become agitated, […] 1861, Charles Dickens, “Tom Tiddler’s Ground. Chapter VI. Picking Up Miss Kimmeens.”, in Christmas Stories […] (The Works of Charles Dickens; XV), de luxe edition, London: Chapman and Hall, published 1881, →OCLC, page 242:
    • Of an evening, we would often go for a stroll along the river.
  37. (UK, dialectal, in the negative) Expressing a point in time. ▸ For (a given length of time).
    • I’ve not taken her out of a goodly long while.
  38. (after a noun) Expressing a point in time. ▸ Indicates duration of a state, activity etc.
    • After a delay of three hours, the plane finally took off.
    • The cab driver's claim he was sleepwalking during the attack has already been supported by his wife of 37 years. 2011 March 2, Grant McCabe, The Sun:
  39. (US) Expressing a point in time. ▸ Before (the hour); to (the hour).
    • What's the time? / Nearly a quarter of three.
    • "Fellow Democrats," he began, "I left Washington at a quarter of two this morning […]" 1940 June 17, “Little Bull Booed”, in Time, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC:
    • Quarter of seven. Fifteen minutes to go. 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 194:
    • I’ll be ready at ten of two
    • I'll be ready by five of noon.
  40. (US, informal) Expressing a point in time. ▸ Before (the hour); to (the hour). ▸ Often used without the hour.
    • I’ll be ready at ten of
    • Wednesday was more of the same. Out at 08:30, got to the office by quarter of, clients all day. 2022 May 16, Ariel Levine, 09:20 from the start, in Giancarlo Esposito, director, Better Call Saul S6E6: Axe and Grind (TV series), spoken by Private Investigator (Lennie Loftin):

Forms

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a alternative lexicographic

Relateds

of all (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of a piece (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · in excess of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · sort of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · in respect of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · out of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of the first water (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of note (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of two minds (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of choice (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of means (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · in terms of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · by way of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of the like (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of color (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of even date (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of that ilk (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of one's own accord (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of biblical proportions (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of late (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of the world (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of course (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · whereof (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of colour (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of all people (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of blessed memory (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of age (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · by dint of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of an (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · thereof (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · tired of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of a kind (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of a sudden (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · -'s · come of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of sorts (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of importance (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of record (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · of the essence (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.) · quarter of (for the sake of space, only listing phrases with "of" at the beginning or end.)

Translations (402)

ja の前 ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · rap a (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nap 'e (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta A (indicative of age) · de von (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ja の (containing, comprising or made from) · sv av (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · vec de (introducing topic or subject matter) · tr -in (possessive genitive: belonging to) · fr quant à (introducing topic or subject matter) · vec de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ia a (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · fr de (containing, comprising or made from) · nl aan (introducing topic or subject matter) · vi nước (introducing an epithet) · nl van (introducing an epithet) · nb -s (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo el (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · fr de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · ar مِنْ (containing, comprising or made from) · ajp إلـ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sco o (containing, comprising or made from) · la dē (possessive genitive: belonging to) · el παρά ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · mwl de (containing, comprising or made from) · rap o (possessive genitive: belonging to) · it per (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · lad de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · gmw-cfr von (introducing an epithet) · afb مال (possessive genitive: belonging to) · tr -ın (possessive genitive: belonging to) · uk з (containing, comprising or made from) · zza yê (possessive genitive: belonging to) · hi ... का (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta -இன் (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es en cuanto a (introducing topic or subject matter) · nl van (containing, comprising or made from) · cmn ...的 (subjective genitive: connecting action noun with subject) · mwl de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mt taż- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (linking class with example of class) · ca de (containing, comprising or made from) · kg ya (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta N (indicative of age) · mpi ɨl (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sv på (introducing topic or subject matter) · ru -ёв (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ur izāfa (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sv -s (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · ga de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · hil sang (introducing an epithet) · csb z (introducing an epithet) · lld de (containing, comprising or made from) · tl ni (possessive genitive: belonging to) · de aus (containing, comprising or made from) · no av (introducing an epithet) · pt sobre (introducing topic or subject matter) · fr moins ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · mt ta’ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es menos ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · nn -s (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ps د (containing, comprising or made from) · ta கொண்ட (containing, comprising or made from) · sv av (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · cmn 的 (containing, comprising or made from) · hu -ből (containing, comprising or made from) · fr de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · hu -ból (containing, comprising or made from) · pt de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · apc لإلـ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mpi sɨ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mi o (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pt em (introducing topic or subject matter) · pl na temat (introducing topic or subject matter) · fr de (subjective genitive: connecting action noun with subject) · cmn 的 (indicative of age) · nb av (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · vi của (introducing an epithet) · ln ya (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo el (containing, comprising or made from) · io ek (containing, comprising or made from) · io di (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es acerca de (introducing topic or subject matter) · bi blong (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mt tan- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · arz ديال (possessive genitive: belonging to) · fi -viikkoinen (indicative of age) · yi פֿון (containing, comprising or made from) · sk z (linking class with example of class) · pam nang (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ca de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ilo ti (introducing an epithet) · sc de (introducing an epithet) · ko 전 ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · ja ...の (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ro de (containing, comprising or made from) · gd de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta varies. பற்றி (introducing topic or subject matter) · ur ... کا (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ja ...の (linking class with example of class) · tr -ün (possessive genitive: belonging to) · zza ya (diq) (containing, comprising or made from) · ro de (introducing an epithet) · war han (introducing an epithet) · th ของ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · kk он минут ж.б.с.> қалды/бар ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · sv av (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nl over (introducing topic or subject matter) · ta -ஆல் ஆன (containing, comprising or made from) · eo da (containing, comprising or made from) · bo གི (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam king (containing, comprising or made from) · fr de (introducing an epithet) · it di (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · nn av (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mt tas- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam ning (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · sv av (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · sw -a (containing, comprising or made from) · egy n (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam a ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · fi vaille ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · et -päevane (indicative of age) · tr -un (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ru о (introducing topic or subject matter) · rm da (linking class with example of class) · nn med (containing, comprising or made from) · sl z dne (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sv av (containing, comprising or made from) · ru -ев (possessive genitive: belonging to) · la dē (introducing topic or subject matter) · egy n (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · id rumah Andi (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (introducing topic or subject matter) · cmn ...的 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta -ஐ சேர்ந்த (introducing an epithet) · de von (introducing an epithet) · pt para ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · la dē (containing, comprising or made from) · vo de (containing, comprising or made from) · ja の中の (containing, comprising or made from) · arc דְּ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · it di (introducing topic or subject matter) · mt tal- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pt de (linking class with example of class) · mi a (possessive genitive: belonging to) · kk жөнінде (introducing topic or subject matter) · ca de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ko ...의 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · vec de (containing, comprising or made from) · af van (possessive genitive: belonging to) · rm da (introducing topic or subject matter) · ca de (introducing an epithet) · ru из (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · cs z (introducing an epithet) · sk z (introducing an epithet) · my ရဲ့ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · lzh-lit 之 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nn av (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · ja ...の (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · sv av (introducing an epithet) · arz بتاع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · io pri (introducing topic or subject matter) · ia de (linking class with example of class) · cdo ...其 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (containing, comprising or made from) · nn til (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nan-hbl ...個 /...个 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ko ...의 (linking class with example of class) · fy fan (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ja 歳の (indicative of age) · ko ...의 (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · mk на (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · oc de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · cy o (introducing an epithet) · ro de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sk z (containing, comprising or made from) · ga de (containing, comprising or made from) · mpi i (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (indicative of age) · pam a (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · nb av (containing, comprising or made from) · bg на (possessive genitive: belonging to) · he מ־ (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · hy մասին (introducing topic or subject matter) · nb til (possessive genitive: belonging to) · cmn ...之 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (introducing an epithet) · fr de (introducing topic or subject matter) · id Andi’s house (possessive genitive: belonging to) · cs z (containing, comprising or made from) · rm da (indicative of age) · sv -s (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · pt de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · vi của (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sh od (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (containing, comprising or made from) · ta -இன் (subjective genitive: connecting action noun with subject) · et -kuune (indicative of age) · kk -ға/ге <ширек ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · de vor ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · mt ta’ (containing, comprising or made from) · fr de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nl van (indicative of age) · pl z (introducing an epithet) · mnc ᡳ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · km នៃ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · apc تاع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pt a respeito de (introducing topic or subject matter) · nb av (possessive genitive: belonging to) · la ex (containing, comprising or made from) · id dari (introducing an epithet) · pam naning (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ia de (indicative of age) · fi -vuotias (indicative of age) · tpi pela (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · oc de (containing, comprising or made from) · yue 個 /个 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · et enne ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · cs ze (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sk -ov (possessive genitive: belonging to) · io di (linking class with example of class) · ru -ын (possessive genitive: belonging to) · la in medieval Latin (linking class with example of class) · sv om (introducing topic or subject matter) · yue ...嘅 (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ga an (introducing an epithet) · pl z (containing, comprising or made from) · fur di (containing, comprising or made from) · pam ning (containing, comprising or made from) · af van (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ta -உடைய (possessive genitive: belonging to) · de von (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · km នៃ (linking class with example of class) · ru -ин (possessive genitive: belonging to) · io di (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · vi thành (introducing an epithet) · af van (introducing an epithet) · ia de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam dang (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ko ...의 (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · ms dari (introducing an epithet) · ru из (containing, comprising or made from) · tt хакында (introducing topic or subject matter) · es de (indicative of age) · ar ل (possessive genitive: belonging to) · de der (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · la dē (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · pt de (containing, comprising or made from) · la ex (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · nl van (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ceb sa (introducing an epithet) · sk -in (possessive genitive: belonging to) · fi -kuinen (indicative of age) · nn av (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ajp تبع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sv på (linking class with example of class) · pt de (introducing an epithet) · he שֶׁל (possessive genitive: belonging to) · gl de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · it di (introducing an epithet) · zza yê (containing, comprising or made from) · nb med (containing, comprising or made from) · it di (linking class with example of class) · rm da (introducing an epithet) · pam ning (possessive genitive: belonging to) · apc إلـ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sq i (introducing an epithet) · he שֶׁל (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · mt taċ- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · vi xứ (introducing an epithet) · es de (linking class with example of class) · ia ante ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · ps د (indicative of age) · eo de (introducing an epithet) · ja ...の (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · ca de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · mt tat- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · tpi bilong (containing, comprising or made from) · sco o (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · acw حَقّ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · mt tad- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · akl it (introducing an epithet) · tt tularğa <(унбиш минут һ.б.ш.)> ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · it verso (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · vi bằng (containing, comprising or made from) · bzj a (containing, comprising or made from) · bg за (introducing topic or subject matter) · ps د (linking class with example of class) · et -st puudu ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · cim vo (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · lb vun (introducing an epithet) · la in classical Latin (linking class with example of class) · yi פֿון (possessive genitive: belonging to) · rm da (containing, comprising or made from) · eo antaŭ ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · cs z (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam dareng (possessive genitive: belonging to) · io de (introducing an epithet) · es de (possessive genitive: belonging to) · kw a (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · nb av (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · sw wa (introducing an epithet) · tl ng (possessive genitive: belonging to) · de über (introducing topic or subject matter) · sv i ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · fr de (linking class with example of class) · fy fan (introducing an epithet) · ru про (introducing topic or subject matter) · mt tax- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · de von (introducing topic or subject matter) · uk до ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · dng ди (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pam a (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ta varies. (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ta -இன் (introducing an epithet) · tl ng (introducing an epithet) · he ל־ ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · ta N/A. Alternatives: நிறைய (containing, comprising or made from) · bg от (containing, comprising or made from) · kw a (containing, comprising or made from) · nl van (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · wa di (introducing an epithet) · km របស់ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nl van (introducing topic or subject matter) · th แห่ง (introducing an epithet) · uk з (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · et -nädalane (indicative of age) · hi -ए- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ia de (containing, comprising or made from) · mba sa (possessive genitive: belonging to) · kk туралы (introducing topic or subject matter) · syl ...ꠞ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · es de (subjective genitive: connecting action noun with subject) · el από (containing, comprising or made from) · la nātus (indicative of age) · sw -a (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ar لدى (possessive genitive: belonging to) · da af (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ajp تاع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · km នៃ (containing, comprising or made from) · da i ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · vo dö (introducing topic or subject matter) · ajp لإلـ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · sco o (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ru -ов (possessive genitive: belonging to) · tt турында (introducing topic or subject matter) · nl van (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · he בן (indicative of age) · pt de (indicative of age) · gl de (introducing an epithet) · vec de (introducing an epithet) · pl o (introducing topic or subject matter) · tpi bilong (linking class with example of class) · apc تبع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nl voor ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · sv -s (possessive genitive: belonging to) · eo pri (introducing topic or subject matter) · vec de (indicative of age) · pam naning (introducing an epithet) · km ដល់ ((to tell the time) before, to, e.g. a quarter of three (2:45)) · io de (containing, comprising or made from) · ar مْتاع (possessive genitive: belonging to) · da af (introducing an epithet) · tpi bilong (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · ca de (introducing topic or subject matter) · rm dad (possessive genitive: belonging to) · et -aastane (indicative of age) · tpi bilong (possessive genitive: belonging to) · vi có (indicative of age) · vi về (introducing topic or subject matter) · ru насчёт (introducing topic or subject matter) · jv saka (introducing an epithet) · mt taz- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ps د (possessive genitive: belonging to) · oc de (introducing an epithet) · ps د (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · it di (containing, comprising or made from) · ia de (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · as ...ৰ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · nl -s--e--en- (linking class with example of class) · it di (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ia de (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · nn av (containing, comprising or made from) · ru об (introducing topic or subject matter) · rm da (objective genitive: connecting action noun with object) · mt tar- (possessive genitive: belonging to) · rm da (possessive genitive: belonging to) · ga not expressed (linking class with example of class) · pl z (connecting numeral or quantifier with quantified) · shu هنا (possessive genitive: belonging to) · fr de (indicative of age) · ceb sa (possessive genitive: belonging to) · lo ຂອງ (possessive genitive: belonging to) · pt de (introducing topic or subject matter) · uk про (introducing topic or subject matter) · fi -päiväinen (indicative of age)

Source: en.wiktionary, “of” (prep), dump 20260902, contributors via the page history. Text licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

of en · VERB · etymology 2

Etymology

A spelling of /əv/ influenced by Etymology 1.

Meanings

  1. (alt-of, pronunciation-spelling, qualifier:usually in modal perfect constructions) Eye dialect spelling of have and 've, chiefly in depictions of colloquial speech.
    • "I had a woman up here last week to look at my feet, and when she have been the bill you'd of thought she had my appendicitus out." 1926, F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, Penguin, published 2000, page 33:
    • ‘You must of left your door unlocked. Or even open.’ 1943, Raymond Chandler, The High Window, Penguin, published 2005, page 87:
    • "You couldn't of known," Livio says. 1992, Neal Stephenson, Snow Crash, New York: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 340:
    • I have refrained from giving many details which I might of done, from feelings of delicacy; indeed, they were of so dark and dreadful a nature, that I could do no more than hint at them 1846, Linus Wilson Miller, Notes of an Exile to Van Dieman's Land (McKinstry: Fredonia, NY) p. 367