neuron en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ (Canada, General-American)
- /ˈn(j)ɝɑn/ (Canada, General-American)
- (Southern-England) audio
- /ˈn(j)uɹɑn/ (Canada, General-American)
- /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/ (Received-Pronunciation)
Etymology
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”), doublet of nerve and sinew. By surface analysis, neuro- + -on.
Meanings
-
A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses.
The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.
2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:
- A nervure of an insect's wing.
- (qualifier:artificial intelligence) A mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| neurone | UK, alternative | lexicographic | |
| neura | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| neurons | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
neuronophagia · paraneuron · neuronopathic · neuronal · neuron activation · neuronally · input neuron · neuronlike · sensory neuron · Purkinje neuron · algoneuron · neuronic · multineuron · antineuron · neuronophagy · von Economo neuron · neuronopathy · clusteron · motor neuron disease · rosehip neuron · mirror neuron · get someone's neurons firing · neuronophage · neuronitis · pyramidal neuron · Jennifer Aniston neuron · medium spiny neuron · antimirror neuron · motor neuron · spindle neuron · spiny projection neuron · interneuron
Holonyms
nervous system · nerve · autonomic nervous system · spinal cord · somatic nervous system · brain · ganglion
Hypernyms
Meronyms
dendrite · axon · neurite · soma
Relateds
neuritis · neurosis · neurode · neural · neuroscience · neura · neuralgia · neurology
Synonyms
nerve cell · neuron · neurocyte
Translations (58)
la neurocytus (a cell of the nervous system) · tr nöron (a cell of the nervous system) · ar عَصْبُون (a cell of the nervous system) · ja 神経細胞 (a cell of the nervous system) · ml നാഡീകോശം (a cell of the nervous system) · ca neurona (a cell of the nervous system) · hy նեյրոն (a cell of the nervous system) · kk нейрон (a cell of the nervous system) · vi nơ-ron (a cell of the nervous system) · sv neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · ru нейро́н (a cell of the nervous system) · da nervecelle (a cell of the nervous system) · km ណឺរ៉ូន (a cell of the nervous system) · hu neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · kk жүйке жасушасы (a cell of the nervous system) · cmn 神經元 /神经元 (a cell of the nervous system) · id neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · pt neurônio (a cell of the nervous system) · pl neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · az sinir hüceyrəsi (a cell of the nervous system) · ka ნეირონი (a cell of the nervous system) · it neurocito (a cell of the nervous system) · ar خَلِيَّة عَصَبِيَّة (a cell of the nervous system) · el νευρώνας (a cell of the nervous system) · de Nervenzelle (a cell of the nervous system) · hu idegsejt (a cell of the nervous system) · de Neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · nn nevron (a cell of the nervous system) · cmn 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (a cell of the nervous system) · fi hermosolu (a cell of the nervous system) · nl neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · sv nervcell (a cell of the nervous system) · pt neurónio (a cell of the nervous system) · yue 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (a cell of the nervous system) · pl komórka nerwowa (a cell of the nervous system) · da neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · vi tế bào thần kinh (a cell of the nervous system) · nl zenuwcel (a cell of the nervous system) · cs neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · tr sinir hücresi (a cell of the nervous system) · ru не́рвная кле́тка (a cell of the nervous system) · fr cellule nerveuse (a cell of the nervous system) · la neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · la neuronum (a cell of the nervous system) · es neurona (a cell of the nervous system) · ro neuron (a cell of the nervous system) · eo neŭrono (a cell of the nervous system) · hi तंत्रिकोशिका (a cell of the nervous system) · sw nyuroni (a cell of the nervous system) · is taugafruma (a cell of the nervous system) · fi neuroni (a cell of the nervous system) · gv neayr-chillag (a cell of the nervous system) · io neurono (a cell of the nervous system) · nan-hbl 神經細胞 /神经细胞 (a cell of the nervous system) · mi pūtau io (a cell of the nervous system) · fr neurone (a cell of the nervous system) · ko 신경 세포 (a cell of the nervous system) · nb nevron (a cell of the nervous system)