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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

lack en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • (Southern-England) audio
  • (General-American) audio
  • /læk/ (General-American, Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English lack, lakke, lak, from Old English *læc (“deficiency, lack, want”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak, from Proto-Germanic *laką, *lakaz (“slackness”), from Proto-Germanic *lakaz (“limp, slack, loose, low”), related to *lak(k)ōną (“to blame, reproach”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Lak (“lack”), Middle Low German lack, lak (“lack”), Dutch lak (“lack, deficiency, calumny”), Icelandic lakur (“lacking”). Related also to Middle Dutch laken (“to blame, lack”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English carence (“absence, lack”), from Old French carence.

Meanings

  1. (countable, uncountable) A deficiency or need (of something desirable or necessary); an absence, want, dearth.
    • I went to a shrink, to analyze my dreams. He said it's lack of sex that's bringing me down. 1994, Green Day, “Basket Case”:
    • […] let his lack of years be no impediment to let him lack a reverend estimation; c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
    • It is a question of money, or lack of same.
    • If Moldova harboured even the slightest hopes of pulling off a comeback that would have bordered on miraculous given their lack of quality, they were snuffed out 13 minutes before the break when Oxlade-Chamberlain picked his way through midfield before releasing Defoe for a finish that should have been dealt with more convincingly by Namasco at his near post. 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport:
    • More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of "you can get two tickets for the price of two", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue. 2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:
  2. (countable, obsolete, uncountable) A defect or failing; moral or spiritual degeneracy.
    • In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned. 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
lacks Number=Plur lexicographic

Antonyms

surplus · adequacy · glut · plethora · excess

Deriveds

for lack of · for lack of trying · lack of sleep · lackless

Hyponyms

apathy · cowardice · poverty

Relateds

abundant

Synonyms

shortage · want · dearth · meagerness · inadequacy · rarity · dejection · deficit · infrequency · nonsufficiency · deficiency · penury · unsufficiency · insufficiency · scantiness · scarcity · paucity · rareness · paucity · shortcoming · lack

Translations (108)

as নাটনি (deficiency, need) · nl gebrek (deficiency, need) · ru недоста́ток (deficiency, need) · grc ἔνδεια (deficiency, need) · mk недостаток (deficiency, need) · zza taynin (deficiency, need) · es carencia (deficiency, need) · ml അഭാവം (deficiency, need) · tr eksiklik (deficiency, need) · bg отсъ́ствие (deficiency, need) · lad mankansa (deficiency, need) · fr défaut (deficiency, need) · es falta (deficiency, need) · gl falla (deficiency, need) · gd easbhaidh (deficiency, need) · ro lipsă (de) (deficiency, need) · oc manca (deficiency, need) · fr manque (deficiency, need) · mi kore (deficiency, need) · fi vajaus (deficiency, need) · hi अभाव (deficiency, need) · gd gainnead (deficiency, need) · ru отсу́тствие (deficiency, need) · be недахо́п (deficiency, need) · bho आभाव (deficiency, need) · it scarsità (deficiency, need) · zza kemiyey (deficiency, need) · tr noksan (deficiency, need) · el ένδεια (deficiency, need) · it penuria (deficiency, need) · ur کمی (deficiency, need) · pt falta (deficiency, need) · no mangel (deficiency, need) · az qıtlıq (deficiency, need) · is skortur (deficiency, need) · ru нехва́тка (deficiency, need) · eo manko (deficiency, need) · ru нужда́ (deficiency, need) · pt carência (deficiency, need) · ca fretura (deficiency, need) · pt penúria (deficiency, need) · ota فقدان (deficiency, need) · ca mancança (deficiency, need) · sv brist (deficiency, need) · be брак (deficiency, need) · hy պակասություն (deficiency, need) · de Mangel (deficiency, need) · gd cion (deficiency, need) · az çatışmazlıq (deficiency, need) · bg ли́пса (deficiency, need) · fi puute (deficiency, need) · sv avsaknad (deficiency, need) · pl niedostatek (deficiency, need) · uk відсу́тність (deficiency, need) · pt escassez (deficiency, need) · zza kemeyin (deficiency, need) · ko 결핍 (deficiency, need) · pl brak (deficiency, need) · it mancanza (deficiency, need) · got 𐍅𐌰𐌽 (deficiency, need) · gl carencia (deficiency, need) · gl marra (deficiency, need) · sk nedostatok (deficiency, need) · cmn 缺乏 (deficiency, need) · sq skam (deficiency, need) · it carenza (deficiency, need) · ar عَدَم وُجُود (deficiency, need) · el έλλειψη (deficiency, need) · es penuria (deficiency, need) · tr yokluk (deficiency, need) · cmn 不足 (deficiency, need) · be адсу́тнасць (deficiency, need) · oc mancança (deficiency, need) · hu hiány (deficiency, need) · be недахва́т (deficiency, need) · tr yoksunluk (deficiency, need) · txb menki (deficiency, need) · as অনাটন (deficiency, need) · da mangel (deficiency, need) · yi מאַנגל (deficiency, need) · pt deficiência (deficiency, need) · ja 欠乏 (deficiency, need) · ja 不足 (deficiency, need) · uk недоста́ча (deficiency, need) · fi vaje (deficiency, need) · cy diffyg (deficiency, need) · sh недостатак (deficiency, need) · sh nedostatak (deficiency, need) · ar نَقْص (deficiency, need) · bg ну́жда (deficiency, need) · ml ഇല്ലായ്മ (deficiency, need) · es escasez (deficiency, need) · hi कमी (deficiency, need) · cs nedostatek (deficiency, need) · uk брак (deficiency, need) · la pēnūria (deficiency, need) · ga uireasa (deficiency, need) · hy պակաս (deficiency, need) · fr absence (deficiency, need) · izh vaijuus (deficiency, need) · ca manca (deficiency, need) · zza qıtlığ (deficiency, need) · he חוסר (deficiency, need) · gd gainne (deficiency, need) · ko 부족 (deficiency, need) · ca falta (deficiency, need) · hi अपर्याप्त (deficiency, need) · ota نقصان (deficiency, need)

lack en · VERB · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • (Southern-England) audio
  • (General-American) audio
  • /læk/ (General-American, Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English lacken, lakken, laken, from Old English læccian, *lacian (“to blame, criticise, lack”), from Proto-West Germanic *lak(k)ōn (“to blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Germanic *lak(k)ōną (“to reproach, blame, be lacking”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. Cognate with Old Frisian lakia, lekia (“to contest, blame”), Middle Low German lacken, laken (“to reproach, blame, criticise”), Middle Dutch laken (“to disapprove, blame, lack”), Dutch laken (“to blame, reproach”).

Meanings

  1. (stative, transitive) To be without, not to have, to need, to require.
    • My life lacks excitement.
    • More flak was aimed at the Treasury's apparent lack of marketing skills, when it was argued that its idea of how to sell tickets was along the lines of "you can get two tickets for the price of two", and it lacks the sales and promotional skills of the train operating companies which are needed to boost revenue. 2022 January 12, Tom Allett, “Network News: MPs concerned at Treasury's influence on rail industry”, in RAIL, number 948, page 13:
  2. (intransitive) To be short (of or for something).
    • Hamlet. What hour now? Horatio. I think it lacks of twelve. c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
    • He'll never lack for company while he's got all that money.
  3. (intransitive, obsolete) To be in want.
    • The young lions do lack, and suffer hunger […] 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 34:10:
  4. (obsolete) To see the deficiency in (someone or something); to find fault with, to malign, reproach.
    • That is Mede þe Mayde quod she · hath noyed me ful oft / And ylakked my lemman. c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “[Passus II]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...] (Cr, B-text), London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:
  5. (qualifier:African-American Vernacular) To be off one's guard.
    • His opps caught him lacking.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
lacks Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
lacked Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
lacked Tense=Past lexicographic
lacking Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic

Deriveds

lack-pity · lack-laughter · lack-learning · lack-grace · lack-all · lack-looks · lackstock · lackland · lack-mind · alack · lackbrain · lack-latin · lack-linen · lackwit · lack-love · lack-life · lacklustre

Relateds

lackluster

Translations (83)

nl missen (be without, need, require) · ca faltar (be without, need, require) · ca mancar (be without, need, require) · io indijar (be without, need, require) · pl brakować (be without, need, require) · km ខ្វះ (be without, need, require) · lad mankar (be without, need, require) · gl faltar (be without, need, require) · it mancare (be without, need, require) · sk chýbať (be without, need, require) · csb mësac (be without, need, require) · bg липсва ми (be without, need, require) · la egeo (be without, need, require) · ko 없다 (be without, need, require) · fr manquer (be without, need, require) · fi tarvita (be without, need, require) · mn дутах (be without, need, require) · it necessitare (be without, need, require) · ka აკლია (be without, need, require) · grc δέω (be without, need, require) · pt carecer (be without, need, require) · mk недостасува (be without, need, require) · es faltar (be without, need, require) · sid hooga (be without, need, require) · it scarseggiare (be without, need, require) · tr yoksun olmak (be without, need, require) · la desum (be without, need, require) · cmn(be without, need, require) · sl manjkati (be without, need, require) · nl gebrek hebben (aan) (be without, need, require) · fi kaivata (be without, need, require) · cs postrádat (be without, need, require) · be адсу́тнічаць (be without, need, require) · ru отсу́тствовать (be without, need, require) · it richiedere (be without, need, require) · eo manki (be without, need, require) · ht manke (be without, need, require) · is skorta (be without, need, require) · gsw fääle (be without, need, require) · pl zabraknąć (be without, need, require) · hu hiányt szenved (be without, need, require) · grc χηρεύω (be without, need, require) · oc mancar (be without, need, require) · gl marrar (be without, need, require) · no mangle (be without, need, require) · sq lyp (be without, need, require) · hu hiányol (be without, need, require) · kl -ilatsi (be without, need, require) · de entbehren (be without, need, require) · nl ontberen (be without, need, require) · qu usuy (be without, need, require) · de fehlen (be without, need, require) · la careo (be without, need, require) · sv sakna (be without, need, require) · wal pacaa (be without, need, require) · xfa careo (careo) (be without, need, require) · de mangeln (be without, need, require) · es vacar de (be without, need, require) · be бракава́ць (be without, need, require) · eu falta da (be without, need, require) · qu muchuy (be without, need, require) · ko 부족하다 (be without, need, require) · bg нужда́я се (be without, need, require) · gl fallar (be without, need, require) · ru недостава́ть (be without, need, require) · ru нужда́ться (be without, need, require) · sv fattas (be without, need, require) · ja 欠ける (be without, need, require) · nl derven (be without, need, require) · pt faltar (be without, need, require) · es carecer (be without, need, require) · cu недостати (be without, need, require) · uk бракува́ти (be without, need, require) · cy yn eisiau (be without, need, require) · ru недоста́ть (be without, need, require) · cmn(be without, need, require) · la desidero (be without, need, require) · mi kōpaka (be without, need, require) · hu nélkülöz (be without, need, require) · ja 欠く (be without, need, require) · vi thiếu (be without, need, require) · cmn 缺乏 (be without, need, require) · da mangle (be without, need, require)

lack en · NOUN · etymology 3

Pronunciation

  • (Southern-England) audio
  • (General-American) audio
  • /læk/ (General-American, Received-Pronunciation)

Meanings

  1. (alt-of, archaic) Archaic form of lakh.
    alt of lakh
    • a lack of rupees

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
lacks Number=Plur lexicographic

Antonyms

adequacy · excess

Hyponyms

apathy · cowardice · poverty

Relateds

abundant · good lack

Synonyms

shortage · want · dearth · meagerness · inadequacy · rarity · dejection · deficit · infrequency · nonsufficiency · deficiency · penury · unsufficiency · insufficiency · scantiness · scarcity · paucity · rareness · shortcoming · lack