external en · ADJ
Pronunciation
- /ɛkˈstɜɹ.nəl/ (Canada, General-American)
- /ɪkˈstɜɹ.nəl/ (Canada, General-American)
- /ɪkˈstɜː.nəl/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- /ɪkˈstɜː.nəl/ (Australia)
- /ekˈstɜː.nəl/ (Australia)
- (California) audio
- /ɛkˈstɜː.nəl/ (Received-Pronunciation)
Etymology
From Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin externus (“outward, external”), from exter/exterus (“on the outside, outward”).
Meanings
-
Outside of something; on the exterior.
This building has some external pipework.
Her virtues graced with external gifts.
1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v]:Of all external things, […] / She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes.
1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
- Outside of something; on the exterior. ▸ Situated near or toward the surface of the body.
- (relational) Outside of something; on the exterior. ▸ Relating to or denoting a medicine or similar substance for use on the outside of the body.
- Capable of being perceived outwardly. ▸ Having merely the outward appearance of something.
-
Capable of being perceived outwardly. ▸ Not intrinsic or essential.
The external circumstances are greatly different.
1850, Richard Chenevix Trench, Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord:
-
Provided by something or someone outside of the entity (object, group, company etc.) considered.
external authority, external force
-
Relating to or connected with foreign nations or institutions.
external trade or commerce; the external relations of a state or kingdom
-
Having existence independent of the mind.
external reality
-
For or concerning students registered with and taking the examinations of a university but not resident there.
external degrees
- (of a hardware) Not contained in the main computer.
- (of storage) Using a disk or tape drive rather than the main memory.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| externall | alternative, obsolete | lexicographic | |
| more external | Degree=Cmp | lexicographic | |
| most external | Degree=Sup | lexicographic |
Antonyms
Deriveds
external student · external link · externalism · external ear · extimate · posteroexternal · external degree · externality · external auditory meatus · external carotid artery · external condom · externalize · external conflict · external examiner · nonexternal · anteroexternal · external genitalia · external fertilization · externally · externalise · semiexternal · externalness · dorsoexternal · external urethral orifice · external sandhi · external hemorrhoid · external oblique · external risk · external oblique muscle · externalization · external cause · external auditory canal · external acoustic meatus · external iliac artery · external stimulus · external world · externalistic · external maxillary artery · externalist · external coupling
Synonyms
accompanying · foreign · accidental · external · peripheral · extrinsic · extraneous · accidental · adscititious · superficial
Translations (74)
fo ytri (outside of something) · nl uiterlijk (outside of something) · fa بیگانه (outside of something) · fr externe (outside of something) · sk externý (outside of something) · fi ulkonainen (outside of something) · da ekstern (outside of something) · ca externa (outside of something) · sh ìzvanjskī (outside of something) · mi o waho (outside of something) · be зне́шні (outside of something) · sh vànjskī (outside of something) · sh èkstērnī (outside of something) · hy արտաքին (outside of something) · de außen- (outside of something) · de extern (outside of something) · cmn 外部的 (outside of something) · ko 외부의 (outside of something) · de äußerlich (outside of something) · ja 外部の (outside of something) · ota ظاهر (outside of something) · pl zewnętrzny (outside of something) · it esterno (outside of something) · eo ekstera (outside of something) · sv utvändig (outside of something) · sv extern (outside of something) · oc extèrne (outside of something) · fy uterlik (outside of something) · be во́нкавы (outside of something) · fi ulkoinen (outside of something) · eo malena (outside of something) · kk тысқары (outside of something) · grc ἐξώτερος (outside of something) · sv yttre (outside of something) · el εξωτερικός (outside of something) · cs vnější (outside of something) · ga imeachtrach (outside of something) · io extera (outside of something) · ru нару́жный (outside of something) · uk зо́внішній (outside of something) · nl uitwendig (outside of something) · fi ulko- (outside of something) · ar خَارِجِيّ (outside of something) · ru вне́шний (outside of something) · da udvendig (outside of something) · ka გარეგანი (outside of something) · sk vonkajší (outside of something) · izh ulkopooliin (outside of something) · te బహిర్గత (outside of something) · pih ekstirnal (outside of something) · fi ulkopuolinen (outside of something) · la exter (outside of something) · gl externo (outside of something) · la externus (outside of something) · mi a waho (outside of something) · ja 外側の (outside of something) · fy útwindich (outside of something) · fy ekstern (outside of something) · da udvortes (outside of something) · fa بیرونی (outside of something) · ca extern (outside of something) · ro extern (outside of something) · hu külső (outside of something) · oc extèrna (outside of something) · mi mōwaho (outside of something) · pt externo (outside of something) · es externo (outside of something) · ur بیرونی (outside of something) · bg въ́ншен (outside of something) · ka გარეთა (outside of something) · is ytri (outside of something) · mnc ᡨᡠᠯᡝᡵᡤᡳ (outside of something) · ka გარე (outside of something) · cs externí (outside of something)