derogate en · VERB · etymology 1
Pronunciation
- /ˈdɛɹəɡeɪt/ (UK)
- (Southern-England) audio
Etymology
Inherited from Late Middle English derogaten, from derogat(e) (“annulled, abrogated”, used participially and later as the past participle of derogaten) + -en (verb-forming suffix) borrowed from Latin dērogātus, perfect passive participle of dērogō (“to annul, repeal part of a law, take away, detract from”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from dē- (“from”) + rogō (“to ask, enquire; to propose a law”). Sporadic participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Meanings
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(transitive) To partially repeal (a law etc.).
By several contrary customs, […] many of the civil and canon laws are controlled and derogated.
1713, Matthew Hale, A History and Analysis of the Common Law of England:
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(transitive) To detract from (something); to disparage, belittle.
I never thought the human frailty of erring in cases of religion, infamy to a state, no more than to a council: it had therefore been neither civil nor christianly, to derogate the honour of the state for that cause [...].
1642, John Milton, An Apology for Smectymnuus:When the need for self-affirmation is satisfied through other means, one is less compelled to derogate members of negatively stereotyped groups.
1999, Ziva Kunda, Social Cognition, page 222:Bandura (1990) gave a related example of gas chamber operators in Nazi prison camps, who found it necessary to derogate and dehumanize their victims rather than become overwhelmed by distress.
2001, Russell Cropanzano, Justice in the Workplace, volume II, page 104:
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(ambitransitive) To take away (something from something else) in a way which leaves it lessened.
It derogates little from his fortitude, while it adds infinitely to the honor of his humanity.
1790 November, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. […], London: […] J[ames] Dodsley, […], →OCLC:Anything […] that should derogate, minish, or hurt his glory and his name.
1532, Thomas More, The Supper of the Lord:
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(intransitive) To detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.).
In doing so she had derogated from her dignity and committed herself.
1857, Anthony Trollope, Barchester Towers, Volume the Second, →ISBN, page 147:The six-member Committee on Standards and Conduct unanimously recommended that the Senate censure the Connecticut Democrat for behavior that is "contrary to good morals, derogates from the public trust expected of a Senator, and tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute."
1967 December 5, “The undoing of Dodd”, in Time:God does not have the attributes of a Christian Providence, for it would derogate from His perfection to think about anything except what is perfect, i.e. Himself.
1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.19:
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(intransitive) To act in a manner below oneself; to debase oneself.
CLOTEN. Is it fit I went to look upon him? Is there no derogation in't? SECOND LORD. You cannot derogate, my lord.
1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:Would Charles X. derogate from his ancestors? Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line?
1830 August, William Hazlitt, edited by P.P. Howe, The Complete Works of William Hazlitt, published 1967, page 302:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| derogated | Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic | |
| derogated | Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| derogates | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| derogating | Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic |
Antonyms
cut it fat · eulogize · praise · magnify · big up · overcharge · aggrandize · venerate · revere · transfigure · bepraise · lionize · enthrone · extol · overstate · worthy · speak well of · glorify · honor · hyperbolize · commend · puff · applaud · three-sheet · cry up · praise · stretch · belaud · overemphasize · exalt · exaggerate · play up · laud · overdo · panegyrize · appraise · idolize · laud · glorify
Deriveds
underogating · derogately · derogatable
Synonyms
disparage · underplay · set at nought · derogate · deprecate · cut down · vilipend · de-emphasize · depreciate · belittle · trivialize · downplay · lilliputianize · degrade · banalize · underestimate · understate · denigrate · vilify · make nothing of · downplay · dispraise · minimize · superficialize · bagatellize · make little of · play down
Translations (31)
th ด้อยค่า (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · ca derogar (to take away or detract from) · it detrarre (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · fi nakertaa (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · ja 貶す (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · bg омаловажавам (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · cmn 贬低 (to partially repeal) · cs odejmout (to take away or detract from) · fi murentaa (to take away or detract from) · fi kumota osittain (to partially repeal) · pl umniejszać (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · it derogare (to partially repeal) · fi vähätellä (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · bg подбивам (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · pt denegrir (to take away or detract from) · cmn 貶低 /贬低 (to partially repeal) · ja 卑下する (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · ja 卑しめる (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · fi halventaa (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · th ดูถูก (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · fi murentaa (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · fi vähentää (to take away or detract from) · fi nakertaa (to take away or detract from) · th ดูหมิ่น (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · bg отнемам от (to take away or detract from) · ru принижать (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · it rimuovere (to take away or detract from) · it togliere (to remove a part; to detract from (a quality of excellence, authority etc.)) · it abrogare parzialmente (to partially repeal) · ru умалять (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage) · th ดูแคลน (to detract from something; to belittle; disparage)