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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

denizen en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • dĕn′ĭ-zən
  • (Australia) audio
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ (UK)
  • /ˈdɛn ə zən/ (US)

Etymology

From Middle English denisein, from Old French denzein, from deinz (“within”) + -ein, from Late Latin dē intus (“from within”), whence French dans.

Meanings

  1. An inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in a certain place.
    • […] adversity bends the heart as fire bends the stubborn steel, and those who are no longer their own governors, and the denizens of their own free independent state, must crouch before strangers. 1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, “[HTTP://WWW.GUTENBERG.ORG/FILES/82/82-H/82-H.HTM CHAPTER 39]”, in Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:
    • The giant squid is one of many denizens of the deep.
    • The cries of the gorilla proclaimed that it was in mortal combat with some other denizen of the fierce wood. Suddenly these cries ceased, and the silence of death reigned throughout the jungle. 1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter 6, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, June 1914, →OCLC:
  2. One who frequents a place.
    • As a fan of West Ham United I’m always looking to legitimise my dislike of Chelsea FC. And on first viewing, this week’s jarring retro-Métro-racism seems like a good reason to condemn the denizens of Stamford Bridge. 2015 February 20, Russell Brand, “Let’s kick cold profiteering out of football, along with racism”, in The Guardian (London):
    • He was well known to the sallow denizens of the lane; for such of them as were on the look-out to buy or sell, nodded, familiarly, as he passed along. 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], “chapter 26”, in Oliver Twist; […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:
    • The denizens of that pub are of the roughest sort.
  3. (UK, historical) A person with rights between those of naturalized citizen and resident alien (roughly permanent resident), obtained through letters patent.
    • Though born in Iceland, he became a denizen of Britain after leaving Oxford.
    • 1548, Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and Yorke, London, The xiiii yere, Then by commaundement wer all Fre[n]chemen and Scottes imprisoned and the goodes seazed, and all suche as were denizens were commaunded to shewe their letters patentes […]
    • A denizen is a kind of middle state, between an alien and a natural-born subject, and partakes of both. 1765, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, Book 1, Chapter X, p. 374
    • 1803, John Browne Cutting, “A Succinct History of Jamaica” in Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, p. xlv, All free persons were authorized and permitted to transport themselves, their families, and goods […] to Jamaica, from any part of the British dominions; and their children born in Jamaica were declared free denizens of England, entitled to the same privileges as free born subjects of England.
  4. An animal or plant from a particular range or habitat.
    • The bald eagle is a denizen of the northern part of the state.
  5. A foreign word that has become naturalised in another language in terms of use, but not in terms of form.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
denizens Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

denizenship · denizenation · denize · denizenize · cyberdenizen · endenizen · denization

Relateds

netizen · citizen

Synonyms

inhabitant · regular · dweller · resident · resident · denizen · inhabitant · native · habitué · dweller

Translations (78)

sv boende (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fi asukki (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · he אזרח (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · he מתנחל (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fr habitant (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · et elanik (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ka მკვიდრი (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ps همسایه ((UK) a citizen naturalized through letters patent) · sh становник (one who frequents a place) · sh ендем (local flora and fauna) · ja 住民 (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · de Bewohner (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · th ขาประจำ (one who frequents a place) · cs obyvatel (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · nl bewoner (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fr résident (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fi asukas (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fi kanta-asiakas (one who frequents a place) · no beboer (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ru жи́тель (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ka მცხოვრები (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ja 居住者 (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · et asukas (local flora and fauna) · fi asukas (local flora and fauna) · bg постоянен посетител (one who frequents a place) · pt morador (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ro locuitoare (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · pl mieszkaniec (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · pl bywalec (one who frequents a place) · sv invånare (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · sv stamgäst (one who frequents a place) · ru обита́тель (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · cs štamgast (one who frequents a place) · de Stammgästin (one who frequents a place) · ru обита́тельница (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · pl mieszkanka (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · es habitante (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · et asukas (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fr habitué (one who frequents a place) · sh žítelj (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · cs stálý host (one who frequents a place) · es habitual (one who frequents a place) · nl ingeburgerde ((UK) a citizen naturalized through letters patent) · sh stanovnik (one who frequents a place) · nl stamgast (one who frequents a place) · chr ᎡᎯ (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · th ผู้อยู่อาศัย (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · de Bewohnerin (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · mk жител (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · sh житељ (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · cmn 居民 (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · bg натурализиран чужденец ((UK) a citizen naturalized through letters patent) · no innbygger (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · gl habitual (one who frequents a place) · bg обита́тел (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · hu lakó (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ba йәшәүсе (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · mi kupu mino (foreign word that has become naturalised within a language) · hu lakó (local flora and fauna) · ca habitual (one who frequents a place) · de teilweise eingebürgerter Ausländer ((UK) a citizen naturalized through letters patent) · it abitante (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ro locuitor (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · gl natural (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ca habitant (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · fr citoyen (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ru завсегда́тай (one who frequents a place) · bg жи́тел (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · tr sakin (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · de Stammgast (one who frequents a place) · de Bewohner (local flora and fauna) · pl bywalczyni (one who frequents a place) · ka მაცხოვრებელი (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · he תושב (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · ru жи́тельница (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in) · pt frequentador (one who frequents a place) · no stamgjest (one who frequents a place) · ba тороусы (an inhabitant of a place; one who dwells in)

denizen en · VERB

Pronunciation

  • dĕn′ĭ-zən
  • (Australia) audio
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈdɛn.ɪ.zən/ (UK)
  • /ˈdɛn ə zən/ (US)

Etymology

From Middle English denisein, from Old French denzein, from deinz (“within”) + -ein, from Late Latin dē intus (“from within”), whence French dans.

Meanings

  1. (UK, historical, transitive) To grant rights of citizenship to; to naturalize.
    • He was denizened to Ireland after fleeing his home country.
    • And, soon as Denizen’d, they domineer. 1693, John Dryden (translator), The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis, London: Jacob Tonson, The Third Satyr, p. 38, Poor Refugies at first, they purchase here
    • [The Horse-Chessnut] was first brought from Constantinople to Vienna, thence into Italy, and so France; but to Ʋs from the Levant more immediately, and flourishes so well, and grows so goodly a Tree in compe[te]nt time, that by this alone, we might have ample encouragement to Denizen other strangers amongst us. 1664, J[ohn] E[velyn], “. Chapter CHAPTER 7, “OF THE CHESNUT,”.”, in Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-trees and the Propagation of Timber in His Majesties Dominions. […], London: […] Jo[hn] Martyn, and Ja[mes] Allestry, printers to the Royal Society, […], →OCLC, page 42:
  2. (transitive) To provide with denizens; to populate with adopted or naturalized occupants.
    • 1849, Joseph Dalton Hooker, “Extracts from the Private Letters of Dr. J. D. Hooker, written during a Botanical Mission to India” in William Jackson Hooker (editor), Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany, London: Reeve, Benham and Reeve, Volume 1, p. 85, There were a few islets in the sand […] . These were at once denizened by the Calotropis, Argemone, Tamarix, Gnaphalium luteoalbum and two other species […] .

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
denizens Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
denizened Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
denizened Tense=Past lexicographic
denizening Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic