Dictionary

Tocharian en · ADJ

Pronunciation

• /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• /təʊˈkɑːɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• /toʊˈkɑɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• (Southern-England) audio
• /təʊˈkɛəɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Latin Tocharī + -ian, the first element deriving from Ancient Greek Τόχαροι (Tókharoi, “Tochari/Tukharas (an ancient people of Bactria)”), plural of Τόχαρος (Tókharos), probably from an Indo-Iranian source (Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra)); compare Sanskrit तुखार (tukhāra). When manuscripts in an unknown Indo-European language were discovered in the early 20th century in the Tarim Basin, scholars linked them to the Tochari/Tukharas mentioned in ancient sources. As a result, the language was called "Tocharian". However, most scholars now believe this identification was incorrect.

Meanings

1. (qualifier:original sense) Of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria).
   • Hyrcanian and Tocharian independence, b 613–4, b 619 1890, D. O. Kellogg, editor, The Encyclopædia Britannica, Index, Philadelphia: J. M. Stoddart Co., page 689:
   • We have now come to one of the great names in ancient Indian history, that of the Indo-Scythian prince Kanishka, whose conversion to the faith of Sâkya Muni gave a sudden impulse to the propagation of Buddhism, which rapidly spread its doctrines to the utmost bounds of the Tocharian dominion. 1871, Alexander Cunningham, Archæological Survey of India, volume 2, Shimla, page 67:
2. [from 20th c.] Of or pertaining to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin.

Forms

Translations (26)

sv tokharisk (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · ar طُخَارِيّ (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · es tocario (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · hi तुखार (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · hy թոխարական (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · fi tokaarilainen (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · fr tocharien (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · de tocharisch (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · ru тохарский (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · pt tocariano (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · ca tokhari (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · tr tohar (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · hi तुखार (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · nl tochaars (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · ru тохарский (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · pt tocário (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · fr tokharien (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · tg тухорӣ (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · kk тоқар (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · fa-ira تُخاری (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · ka ტოხარული (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · ro toharic (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · prs تُخَارِی (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · fa-cls تُخَارِی (of or relating to the Tochari (people of Bactria)) · ga Tocárach (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin) · pl tocharski (of or relating to the Tocharian languages or the Tocharians of the Tarim Basin)

Tocharian en · NOUN

Pronunciation

• /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• /təʊˈkɑːɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• /toʊˈkɑɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• (Southern-England) audio
• /təʊˈkɛəɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Latin Tocharī + -ian, the first element deriving from Ancient Greek Τόχαροι (Tókharoi, “Tochari/Tukharas (an ancient people of Bactria)”), plural of Τόχαρος (Tókharos), probably from an Indo-Iranian source (Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra)); compare Sanskrit तुखार (tukhāra). When manuscripts in an unknown Indo-European language were discovered in the early 20th century in the Tarim Basin, scholars linked them to the Tochari/Tukharas mentioned in ancient sources. As a result, the language was called "Tocharian". However, most scholars now believe this identification was incorrect.

Meanings

1. (qualifier:original sense) Any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria.
   • Beyond the Attaci or Attacores, the Thyrians and Tocharians do inhabit; yea, and the Caſirians, who now by this time belong to the Indians, & are a part of them. 1634, C. Plinius Secundus, The Historie of the World, volume 1, page 124:
   • Meanwhile Bactria submitted to the Tochari of Western writers (Sanskrit, Tukhāra). They have been sometimes supposed to have been a branch of the Turkish tribes, while the Hiung-nu have been seen as Mongols, the forerunners of the Hūnas and Chionites. It was a section of the Tocharians who later followed the Greeks across the Hindu-kush and created the great Kushan empire in North India. 1957, Osbert Guy Stanhope Crawford, editor, Antiquity, volumes 31–32, page 137:
   • The Moon presides over: […] Tocharians, […] 1871, H. Kern, “The Bṛhat-Saṅhitâ; or, Complete System of Natural Astrology of Varâha-mihira.”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, page 232:
2. [from 20th c.] Any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages.

Forms

Hyponyms

Kuchean · Agnean

Synonyms

Tokhar · Tukhara · Tukhar

Translations (23)

hy թոխար (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · ga Tocárach (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · pt tocário (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · sa तुखार (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · fa-cls تُخَار (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · fi tokaari (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · grc Τόχαρος (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · kk тоқар (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · prs تُخَار (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · fr Tochare (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · ru тохарец (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · fa تخاری (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · nl tochaar (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · ar طُخَارِيّ (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · pt tocariano (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · ar طُخَارِيَّة (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · ka ტოხარი (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · tg тухор (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · la Tocharus (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · it tocario (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · es tocario (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages) · fa-ira تُخار (any member of the Tochari, a people who inhabited Bactria — see also Tochari) · kk тохар (any member of a people who inhabited the Tarim Basin and spoke the so-called Tocharian languages)

wikidata: Q138081313 · wikidata: Q192858

Tocharian en · PROPN

Pronunciation

• /toʊˈkɛɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• /təʊˈkɑːɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• /toʊˈkɑɹi.ən/ General American, Mary–marry–merry merger
• (Southern-England) audio
• /təʊˈkɛəɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Latin Tocharī + -ian, the first element deriving from Ancient Greek Τόχαροι (Tókharoi, “Tochari/Tukharas (an ancient people of Bactria)”), plural of Τόχαρος (Tókharos), probably from an Indo-Iranian source (Old Persian [script needed] (tuxāri-), Khotanese [script needed] (ttahvāra)); compare Sanskrit तुखार (tukhāra). When manuscripts in an unknown Indo-European language were discovered in the early 20th century in the Tarim Basin, scholars linked them to the Tochari/Tukharas mentioned in ancient sources. As a result, the language was called "Tocharian". However, most scholars now believe this identification was incorrect.

Meanings

1. An extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, consisting of two languages, Tocharian A and Tocharian B, written in an abugida derived from Brahmi.

Forms

Deriveds

Tocharian A · Tocharianist · Proto-Tocharian · Tocharian B

Hyponyms

Proto-Tocharian · Kuchean · Tocharian A · Tocharian B · Agnean

Relateds

Tokharistan

Translations (29)

pl tocharski (language) · ru тохарский (language) · ro toharică (language) · is tokkaríska (language) · pt tocariano (language) · cmn 吐火羅語 /吐火罗语 (language) · tr Toharca (language) · de tocharische Sprache (language) · tr Tohar dili (language) · ja トカラ語 (language) · ga Tocáiris (language) · ca tokhari (language) · fr agno-koutchéen (language) · fr tokharien (language) · nl Tochaars (language) · de Tocharische (language) · it tocario (language) · ka ტოხარული ენა (language) · ka ტოხარული ენები (language) · fa تخاری (language) · cmn 龜茲語 /龟兹语 (language) · kk тоқар тілі (language) · fi tokaari (language) · es tocario (language) · ka ტოხარული (language) · pt tocário (language) · hy թոխարերեն (language) · de Tocharisch (language) · sv tokhariska (language)