valerian en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- (Southern-England) audio
- /vəˈlɪə.ɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- /vəˈlɪ(ə)ɹ.i.ən/ (General-American)
- /vəˈlɛə.ɹi.ən/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- və-lîr′ē-ən (General-American)
Etymology
From Old French valeriane or Medieval Latin valeriāna, a reinterpretation of what is found as German Baldrian after valēre (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius, which is seemingly borrowed in the Dark Age period from the late 6ᵗʰ to early 8ᵗʰ century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, when the Pannonian Avars were direct neighbours to the Germans, notably also present in Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana), Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana). See Ottoman Turkish بالدران (baldıran, “hemlock”) for Turkic cognates.
Meanings
-
(countable, uncountable) A hardy perennial flowering plant, Valeriana officinalis, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers.
Tobacco and the plant valerian are also considered to be anaphrodisiac in their effects, diminishing sexual inclination.
1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 11:In the event of anyone wishing to invoke the very Prince of Spirits, the following ingredients were prescribed to be burnt - Juice of Hypericon, Saffron, Artemisia, and the root of Valerian.
1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 112:
- (countable, uncountable) More generally, any plant of the genus Valeriana.
- (uncountable) The root of Valeriana officinalis, used in herbal medicine.
- (countable, uncountable) An extract of the dried roots of the Valeriana officinalis used in herbal medicine as a sedative.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| valerians | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
valeric · valerianic · valine · valerol · red valerian
Synonyms
cat thyme (Valeriana officinalis) · allheal (Valeriana officinalis)
Translations (99)
gv kere hallooin (Valeriana officinalis) · cs baldrián (Valeriana officinalis) · fr valériane (Valeriana officinalis) · ko 발레리안 (valerian root) · gl brizo (Valeriana officinalis) · ar نَارْدِين (Valeriana officinalis) · uk одоля́н (Valeriana officinalis) · el βαλεριάνα (Valeriana officinalis) · ja 西洋鹿の子草 (Valeriana officinalis) · sk kozlík (Valeriana officinalis) · fa ذوله (valerian root) · gl verliá (Valeriana officinalis) · ru валерья́на (plant of the genus Valeriana) · sh mȁčina tráva (Valeriana officinalis) · ru одоле́я (Valeriana officinalis) · cs kozlík lékařský (Valeriana officinalis) · uk валеріа́на (Valeriana officinalis) · hu macskagyökér (plant of the genus Valeriana) · pl kozłek (Valeriana officinalis) · cy triaglog (Valeriana officinalis) · he שִׁבֹּלֶת רֹומִיית (Valeriana officinalis) · ja ヴァレリアン (Valeriana officinalis) · de Baldrian (plant of the genus Valeriana) · bg ко́тешка би́лка (Valeriana officinalis) · cs kozlík (Valeriana officinalis) · sh mȁčkina tráva (Valeriana officinalis) · az pişikotu (Valeriana officinalis) · sh mȁcina tráva (Valeriana officinalis) · ca valeriana vera (Valeriana officinalis) · hu orvosi macskagyökér (Valeriana officinalis) · sl odolȋn (Valeriana officinalis) · ca valeriana (plant of the genus Valeriana) · es valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) · pt valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) · ota كدی اوتی (Valeriana officinalis) · sh valerijána (Valeriana officinalis) · sv läkevänderot (Valeriana officinalis) · mn бамбай (Valeriana officinalis) · ka ვალერიანი (Valeriana officinalis) · bg валериан (extract) · it valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) · ga caorthann corraigh (Valeriana officinalis) · ka კატაბალახა (Valeriana officinalis) · sh одо̀љен (Valeriana officinalis) · is garðabrúða (Valeriana officinalis) · pl odolan (Valeriana officinalis) · ro valeriană (Valeriana officinalis) · sk valeriána (Valeriana officinalis) · ru одоле́й (Valeriana officinalis) · sk baldrián (Valeriana officinalis) · mk валеријана (Valeriana officinalis) · tl baleryana (Valeriana officinalis) · cmn 纈草 /缬草 (Valeriana officinalis) · ru валериа́на (Valeriana officinalis) · fa سنبل طیب (Valeriana officinalis) · ru одоле́нь (Valeriana officinalis) · ro odolean (Valeriana officinalis) · cs odolen (Valeriana officinalis) · ko 쥐오줌풀 (plant of the genus Valeriana) · ru валерья́на (Valeriana officinalis) · oc valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) · sh mȁčkova tráva (Valeriana officinalis) · sv vänderot (Valeriana officinalis) · ja セイヨウカノコソウ (Valeriana officinalis) · gv kere lheannagh (Valeriana officinalis) · de Baldrian (Valeriana officinalis) · pms valerian-a (Valeriana officinalis) · sh валерија́на (Valeriana officinalis) · tr kedi otu (Valeriana officinalis) · ar نَارَدِين (Valeriana officinalis) · ko 길초근 (valerian root) · eo valeriano (Valeriana officinalis) · ru валерья́нка (extract) · ru валерья́на (extract) · sl špajka (Valeriana officinalis) · fa زوله (valerian root) · de Baldrianwurzel (valerian root) · sl báldrijan (Valeriana officinalis) · sk odolen (Valeriana officinalis) · sh odòljen (Valeriana officinalis) · de Katzenbaldrian (Valeriana officinalis) · fa علف گربه (Valeriana officinalis) · ar سُنْبُل رُومِيّ (Valeriana officinalis) · fi valeriaana (extract) · gl verliana (Valeriana officinalis) · fi rohtovirmajuuri (Valeriana officinalis) · ru валериа́на (plant of the genus Valeriana) · ko 넓은잎쥐오줌풀 (Valeriana officinalis) · fi rohtovirmajuuren juuri (valerian root) · ar حَشِيشَةُ الْقَطَّة (Valeriana officinalis) · de Baldrianextrakt (extract) · he וָלֶרְיָאן (Valeriana officinalis) · ko 서양쥐오줌풀 (Valeriana officinalis) · fi virmajuuri (plant of the genus Valeriana) · bg валериа́на (Valeriana officinalis) · pl baldrian (Valeriana officinalis) · tt песи үләне (Valeriana officinalis) · ja 西洋鹿子草 (Valeriana officinalis) · bg диля́нка (Valeriana officinalis)