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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

um en · INTJ · etymology 1

Pronunciation

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Meanings

  1. Expression of hesitation, uncertainty or space filler in conversation.
    • As the years go by, speech reverts to childhood levels of disfluency, with more pauses, more errors, more repeated words, but even the peak years are not great: up to 8 percent of the average person’s word output consists of meaningless fillers and placeholders like um, uh and er. 2007 August 24, William Grimes, “Uh, Lead My Rips: No More Bloopers”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 04 Jan 2013:
    • Let’s see... um... how about this?
    • Um, I don’t know.
    • Um And I don't know um what to say to the court other than, I don't know how we could get through 1/5 of that. 2024 June 24, “Baldwin Judge on FIRE!”, in Law of Self Defense, page 2:
    • It's a great test of the claims of open-source gurus, who say that a self-motivated community can outcode any team working for a single employer—like, um, Microsoft. 2002, “Newsweek”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume 140, page lxxx:
  2. (US) Dated spelling of mmm.
    • "About the same, wherever you go," he agreed. "Um," I said. 1963, Kurt Vonnegut, Cat's Cradle, Dell Publishing Co., Inc., page 65:
  3. An expression to forcefully call attention to something wrong.
    • Um, excuse me!
  4. (childish) An expression of shocked disapproval used by a child who witnesses forbidden behavior.
    • Mair used to look after Laura. If anyone threatened to tease her, Mair would stand up straight, point her finger at the enemy and shout, 'Um! I'm telling on you!' 2021, Sarah Strangeways, The Gingerbread House, page 13:
    • While I was in her room, Sam walked by and said, “Um, I'm telling!” “You're telling what?” I asked. “You're reading Tori's journal,” she said. 2011, Kimberly Willis Holt, Piper Reed: Clubhouse Queen, page 83:

Synonyms

uh · eh · er · hmm

Source: en.wiktionary, “um” (intj), dump 20260902, contributors via the page history. Text licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

um en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Meanings

  1. An occurrence of the interjection "um".
    • Although Shakespeare refers to “hums and ha’s,” sifting through etiquette manuals and public-speaking guides turns up scant evidence of a prohibition against ums, ers and uhs, which are profuse in the first recording of Thomas Edison’s voice, in 1888. Mr. Erard, rather ingeniously, traces the prohibition on um and other speech flaws to the advent of radio in the early 1920s. 2007 August 24, William Grimes, “Uh, Lead My Rips: No More Bloopers”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 04 Jan 2013:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
ehm alternative lexicographic
umm alternative lexicographic
uhm alternative lexicographic
ums Number=Plur lexicographic
em alternative lexicographic
hum alternative lexicographic
ahm alternative lexicographic
erm alternative lexicographic

Deriveds

umbalite

Source: en.wiktionary, “um” (noun), dump 20260902, contributors via the page history. Text licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

um en · VERB · etymology 1

Pronunciation

Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

Meanings

  1. (intransitive) To make the um sound to express uncertainty or hesitancy.
    • Meanwhile, in the popular mind umming was simply a bad habit, akin to spitting or picking one’s nose. 2007, Michael Erard, Um... Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean, page 136:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
ummed Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
ummed Tense=Past lexicographic
ums Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
umming Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
Source: en.wiktionary, “um” (verb), dump 20260902, contributors via the page history. Text licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.

um en · PART · etymology 2

Etymology

Variant form of -um.

Meanings

  1. (dated, humorous, offensive, often, sometimes) An undifferentiated determiner or article; a miscellaneous linking word, or filler with nonspecific meaning; representation of broken English stereotypically or comically attributed to Native Americans.
    • “me heap brave—me talk to um white man so[…] me good injun, like um white man, mebbe so, ugh!” 1871, “Grand camp meeting on Bear River”, in The Keepapitchinin, volume III, page 3:
    • Me be Injun. Him um Growling Bear. Him um heap big chief.

Relateds

um-hum