spleen en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- splēn
- (UK) audio
- /spliːn/
Etymology
From Middle English splene, splen, from Anglo-Norman espleen and Old French esplein, esplen, from Latin splēn (“milt”), from Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn, “the spleen”). Doublet of lien. Partially displaced the native English term milt.
Meanings
- (countable, uncountable) In vertebrates, including humans, a ductless vascular gland, located in the upper left abdomen near the stomach, which destroys old red blood cells, removes debris from the bloodstream, acts as a reservoir of blood, and produces lymphocytes.
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(archaic, countable, qualifier:except in the set phrase "to vent one's spleen", uncountable) A bad mood; spitefulness. Compare gall.
Sullen now, with stultified spleen, Mrs Dibble grappled her crutches and levered herself upright after an ungainly struggle.
1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 150:In noble minds some dregs remain, / Not yet purged off, of spleen and sour disdain.
1711 May, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: […] W[illiam] Lewis […]; and sold by W[illiam] Taylor […], T[homas] Osborn[e] […], and J[ohn] Graves […], →OCLC:The name I like best, however, I heard uttered by the Eldest Son of the House of Chou, who in a moment of spleen referred to his colleague of the House of Liang as hsiao chu-tan, the Little Pig’s Egg.
1929, Owen Lattimore, “The Black Gobi”, in The Desert Road To Turkestan, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, →OCLC, page 227:Too many, however, who might take an honourable stand, fear the petty spleen of the plantocracy; preferring the most disgusting adulation, to the blessing of him ready to perish.
1843, “A Voice from Trinidad”, in Colonial Magazine and Commercial-maritime Journal, page 465:
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(countable, obsolete, rare, uncountable) A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak; a whim.
A thousand spleens bear her a thousand ways. Brief as the lightning in the collied night; That, in a spleen, unfolds both heaven and Earth
1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC:
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(countable, obsolete, uncountable) Melancholy; hypochondriacal affections.
There is a luxury in self-dispraise: / And inward self-disparagement affords / To meditative spleen a grateful feast.
1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion:Bodies changed to various forms by spleen.
1712 May, [Alexander Pope], “The Rape of the Locke. An Heroi-comical Poem.”, in Miscellaneous Poems and Translations. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, canto:
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(countable, uncountable) A fit of immoderate laughter or merriment.
By virtue, thou enforcest laughter ; thy silly thought, my spleen
c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| spleens | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
antispleen · sago spleen · spleenlike · wandering spleen · spleenful · unspleened · spleen stone · accessory spleen · sugar-coated spleen · vent one's spleen · spleenless · spleenwort · spleenish · waxy spleen · spleeny
Descendants
spleno · Spleen · spleen · spleen · esplín · splin · spleen · splin · spleen
Relateds
spleno- · splen- · splenomegaly · splenosis · splenectomy · splenic · splenetic · splenocleisis
Synonyms
Translations (187)
gl paxarela (organ) · fi perna (organ) · hts puche (organ) · kw felgh (organ) · sq shpretkë (mood) · uz taloq (organ) · ykg льукульаайэ (organ) · ml പ്ലീഹ (organ) · ga liathán (organ) · kk көк бауыр (organ) · cy dueg (organ) · hu harag (mood) · ja 脾臓 (organ) · yi מילץ (organ) · iu ᒪᔅᓴᒃ (organ) · dta delukin (organ) · el σπλήνα (organ) · fa سپرز (organ) · pon ehtik (organ) · sl vranica (organ) · mi kōateate (organ) · ms limpa (organ) · ang milte (organ) · ar طِحَال (organ) · nv atélí (organ) · sv mjälte (organ) · cv сула (organ) · uk сум (mood) · hy փայծաղ (organ) · ka ელენთა (organ) · mel atai besi (organ) · hi पिलई (organ) · fr spleen (mood) · bua дэлюун (organ) · cmn 脾臟 /脾脏 (organ) · evn дэлкин (organ) · alt телӱӱн (organ) · la liēn (organ) · ky көк боор (organ) · pl splin (mood) · ota طالاق (organ) · sah таал (organ) · jv ꦭꦶꦩ꧀ꦥ (organ) · ms kura (organ) · vo splen (organ) · uga 𐎉𐎈𐎍 (organ) · id kura (organ) · njo-jgl tepa (organ) · da milt (organ) · nrf rate (organ) · io splino (mood) · sh слезѐна (organ) · te ప్లీహము (organ) · ckb سپڵ (organ) · is milta (organ) · xal делүн (organ) · be селязёнка (organ) · cs slezina (organ) · tl pali (organ) · myv шечей (organ) · fr rate (organ) · fo milt (organ) · afb طحال (organ) · mhn schmilz (organ) · th ม้าม (organ) · su kawaya (organ) · gv ahlea (organ) · vi lách (organ) · ast bazu (organ) · hrx Mils (organ) · bg дала́к (organ) · oc mèlsa (organ) · ta மண்ணீரல் (organ) · hi प्लीहा (organ) · lv liesa (organ) · scn meusa (organ) · tk dalak (organ) · ug تال (organ) · evn ӣлэн (organ) · rif inarfeḍ (organ) · pl śledziona (organ) · sh splin (mood) · sh sumornost (mood) · he טחול (organ) · tr dalak (organ) · mnc ᡩᡝᠯᡳᡥᡠᠨ (organ) · pt esplim (mood) · hu lép (organ) · mn дэлүү (organ) · yue 脾臟 /脾脏 (organ) · sh слезѝна (organ) · mh aj (organ) · de Groll (mood) · ro splină (organ) · km កណ្ដុក (organ) · enm milte (organ) · km កំហឹង (mood) · pms milsa (organ) · lt blužnis (organ) · fo milti (organ) · ru сплин (mood) · ru уны́ние (mood) · ms pelih (organ) · vi lá lách (organ) · id lien (organ) · sh slezìna (organ) · pam lape (organ) · sq shpretkë (organ) · mi mahara (organ) · hu méla undor (mood) · lo ມ້າມ (organ) · tg испурч (organ) · pt baço (organ) · id limpa (organ) · ota طحال (organ) · it splene (organ) · hu levertség (mood) · de Trübsinn (mood) · xcl փայծաղն (organ) · jra la (organ) · aht cʼetaeleʼ (organ) · es esplín (mood) · sq mërzi (mood) · mk слезина (organ) · dv ހުންކޮށި (organ) · gl bazo (organ) · tg сипурз (organ) · taa ch'etala' (organ) · nn milt (organ) · bg лошо настроение (mood) · ru селезёнка (organ) · ca melsa (organ) · os фарсылӕвзаг (organ) · mr प्लीहा (organ) · de Milz (organ) · lzz ფანწალა (organ) · sh slezèna (organ) · alt кӧк буур (organ) · pag pali (organ) · nl milt (organ) · eu bare (organ) · io spleno (organ) · fa طحال (organ) · grc σπλήν (organ) · sw wengu (organ) · egy M22-M22-Sm-m-F51 (organ) · lb Mëlz (organ) · km ផាល (organ) · pal 𐭮𐭯𐭥𐭫𐭩 (organ) · bho तिल्ली (organ) · cpg πεϊσάχι (organ) · sk slezina (organ) · kmr sipil (organ) · hi तिल्ली (organ) · nb milt (organ) · qu k'ayrapin (organ) · arz طحال (organ) · fa اسپرز (organ) · bn প্লীহা (organ) · az dalaq (organ) · hi तिहाल (organ) · uk селезі́нка (organ) · et põrn (organ) · my သရက်ရွက် (organ) · ur تللی (organ) · ru хандра́ (mood) · el σπλην (organ) · sh mrzovolja (mood) · fa اسبل (organ) · pdt Miltz (organ) · tt талак (organ) · ota سپرز (organ) · bg сле́зка (organ) · es bazo (organ) · ko 지라 (organ) · cs splín (mood) · ba талаҡ (organ) · ny kapamba (organ) · hu rosszkedv (mood) · mt milsa (organ) · af milt (organ) · fi sappi (mood) · hnn anarip (organ) · pal 𐭮𐭯𐭥𐭫𐭰 (organ) · it milza (organ) · eo lieno (organ) · bdr kura' (organ)