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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

scarce en · ADJ

Pronunciation

  • /skeɹs/ (Scotland)
  • /ˈskɛəs/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /skeəs/ (New-Zealand) without the cheer–chair merger
  • /ˈskɛɚs/ (General-American)
  • /ˈskeɪs/ see scace
  • /skɜː(ɹ)s/ Lancashire, fair–fur merger
  • /skɑː(ɹ)s/ (nonstandard)
  • /skeːs/ (Australia)
  • (US) audio
  • /skiəs/ New Zealand, cheer–chair merger

Etymology

From Middle English scars, scarse, from Old Northern French scars, escars ("sparing, niggard, parsimonious, miserly, poor"; > French échars, Medieval Latin scarsus (“diminished, reduced”)), of uncertain origin. One theory is that it derives originally from a Late Latin *scarpsus, *excarpsus, a participle form of *excarpere (“take out”), from Latin ex- + carpere; yet the sense evolution is difficult to trace. Compare Middle Dutch schaers (“scarce”), Middle Dutch schaers (“a pair of shears, plowshare”), scheeren (“to shear”). The standard pronunciation having the /ɛə(ɹ)/ vowel instead of expected /ɑː(ɹ)/ is due to a tendency for Old and Middle French preconsonantal /ar/ to be borrowed as Middle English /aːr/ that only survives in this word and dace in the modern standard, but is more frequent in Early Modern English and traditional dialects; compare Scots gairden (“garden”), lairge (“large”).

Meanings

  1. (of resources, qualifier:such as food) Uncommon, rare; difficult to find; insufficient to meet a demand.
    • My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price. 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
    • You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen in value one fifth. 1691, [John Locke], Some Considerations of the Consequences of the Lowering of Interest, and Raising the Value of Money. […], London: […] Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1692, →OCLC:
    • By the end of the 20th century elephants had become scarce even in Africa.
  2. Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); used with of.
    • a region scarce of prey 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
    • The project failed due to the scarce resources in the national market.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
scarcer Degree=Cmp lexicographic
scarse alternative, obsolete lexicographic
scace alternative lexicographic
scarcest Degree=Sup lexicographic

Deriveds

scarcen · scarceness · unscarce · scarcely · scarce as hen's teeth · scarce chaser · scarcement · nonscarce · make oneself scarce · scarce copper

Relateds

scarcity

Synonyms

infrequent · geason · raresome

Translations (55)

cs nedostatkový (rare, in low supply) · ga tearc (rare, in low supply) · ca escàs (rare, in low supply) · fi niukka (rare, in low supply) · da knap (rare, in low supply) · et napp (rare, in low supply) · cmn 缺乏的 (rare, in low supply) · io skarsa (rare, in low supply) · bg оскъден (rare, in low supply) · fi riittämätön (rare, in low supply) · fa اندک (rare, in low supply) · mi mōmōhanga (rare, in low supply) · az qıt (rare, in low supply) · fa نادر (rare, in low supply) · mk оскуден (rare, in low supply) · nv bídin hóyééʼ (rare, in low supply) · ar نَادِر (rare, in low supply) · ja(rare, in low supply) · pl ubogi (rare, in low supply) · fi harvinainen (rare, in low supply) · id langka (rare, in low supply) · pt escasso (rare, in low supply) · gd ainneamh (rare, in low supply) · pl nieobfity (rare, in low supply) · pl skąpy (rare, in low supply) · gd gann (rare, in low supply) · enm scars (rare, in low supply) · sv knapp (rare, in low supply) · sw nadra (rare, in low supply) · mi onge (rare, in low supply) · it scarso (rare, in low supply) · bcl ipo (rare, in low supply) · nl schaars (rare, in low supply) · cs vzácný (rare, in low supply) · mi mōtī (rare, in low supply) · fr rare (rare, in low supply) · ru недоста́точный (rare, in low supply) · ru ску́дный (rare, in low supply) · fa ناکافی (rare, in low supply) · es escaso (rare, in low supply) · az qəhət (rare, in low supply) · fa کمیاب (rare, in low supply) · de spärlich (rare, in low supply) · mi ongeonge (rare, in low supply) · grc σπάνιος (rare, in low supply) · eo malabunda (rare, in low supply) · hu gyér (rare, in low supply) · hu ritka (rare, in low supply) · tl uyak (rare, in low supply) · tr nadir (rare, in low supply) · gl escaso (rare, in low supply) · ko 드문 (rare, in low supply) · ja 珍しい (rare, in low supply) · bg недостатъчен (rare, in low supply) · lv trūcīgs (rare, in low supply)

scarce en · ADV

Pronunciation

  • /skeɹs/ (Scotland)
  • /ˈskɛəs/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • /skeəs/ (New-Zealand) without the cheer–chair merger
  • /ˈskɛɚs/ (General-American)
  • /ˈskeɪs/ see scace
  • /skɜː(ɹ)s/ Lancashire, fair–fur merger
  • /skɑː(ɹ)s/ (nonstandard)
  • /skeːs/ (Australia)
  • (US) audio
  • /skiəs/ New Zealand, cheer–chair merger

Etymology

From Middle English scars, scarse, from Old Northern French scars, escars ("sparing, niggard, parsimonious, miserly, poor"; > French échars, Medieval Latin scarsus (“diminished, reduced”)), of uncertain origin. One theory is that it derives originally from a Late Latin *scarpsus, *excarpsus, a participle form of *excarpere (“take out”), from Latin ex- + carpere; yet the sense evolution is difficult to trace. Compare Middle Dutch schaers (“scarce”), Middle Dutch schaers (“a pair of shears, plowshare”), scheeren (“to shear”). The standard pronunciation having the /ɛə(ɹ)/ vowel instead of expected /ɑː(ɹ)/ is due to a tendency for Old and Middle French preconsonantal /ar/ to be borrowed as Middle English /aːr/ that only survives in this word and dace in the modern standard, but is more frequent in Early Modern English and traditional dialects; compare Scots gairden (“garden”), lairge (“large”).

Meanings

  1. (archaic, literary, not-comparable) Scarcely, only just.
    • He rose upright in the stirrups; he scarce could reach her hand, / But she loosened her hair i' the casement! His face burnt like a brand / As the black cascade of perfume came tumbling over his breast; / And he kissed its waves in the moonlight, / (Oh, sweet, black waves in the moonlight!) 1906 August, Alfred Noyes, “The Highwayman”, in Poems, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 1, stanza VI, page 48:
    • Upon the barred and slitted wall the splotched shadow of the heaven tree shuddered and pulsed monstrously in scarce any wind. 1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Vintage, published 1993, page 122:
    • And so faintly you came tapping, tapping at my chamber door, / That I scarce was sure I heard you […] 1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y.; London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC, page 144:
    • The Virgin quite for her requeſt / The God that ſits at marriage feaſt; / He at their invoking came / But with a ſcarce-wel-lighted flame; / And in his Garland as he ſtood, / Ye might diſcern a Cipreſs bud. 1646 (indicated as 1645), John Milton, “An Epitaph on the Marchioness of Winchester”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], →OCLC, page 24:
    • Yet had I scarce set foot in the passage when I stopped, remembering how once already this same evening I had played the coward, and run home scared with my own fears. [1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC:
    • Well, it's scarce the replacement then, is it? 1969, John Cleese, Monty Python's Flying Circus:
    • I was at the Mathematical School, where the Maſter taught his Pupils after a Method ſcarce imaginable to us in Europe. The Propoſition and Demonſtration were fairly written on a thin Wafer, with Ink compoſed of a Cephalick Tincture. This the Student was to ſwallow upon a faſting Stomach, and for three days following eat nothing but Bread and Water. As the Wafer digeſted, the Tincture mounted to his Brain, bearing the Propoſition along with it. 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Permitted to See the Grand Academy of Lagado. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part III (A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdribb, Luggnagg, and Japan), page 78:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
scarse alternative, obsolete lexicographic
scace alternative lexicographic