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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

rung en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɹɐ̞ŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • /ˈɹʊŋɡ/ without the NG-coalescence
  • /ˈɹäŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈɹʊŋ/
  • /ˈɹʌŋ/
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈɹɜŋ/ Southern US, African-American Vernacular, fronting

Etymology

From Middle English rung, from Old English hrung, from Proto-West Germanic *hrungu, from Proto-Germanic *hrungō. Cognate with Dutch rong (“pole, stanchion”), German Runge (“stake, pole, stanchion”), Gothic 𐌷𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌰 (hrugga, “a staff”).

Meanings

  1. A crosspiece forming a step of a ladder; a round.
  2. A crosspiece between legs of a chair.
    • One of its arms was a disabled flail which used to be wielded by Goodman Rigby, before his spouse worried him out of this troublesome world; the other, if I mistake not, was composed of the pudding stick and a broken rung of a chair, tied loosely together at the elbow. 1854, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Feathertop: a Moralized Legend”, in Mosses from an Old Manse:
  3. (figuratively) A position in a hierarchy.
    • the lowest rung of the society
    • “I’m very proud that I’ve worked on every rung of the ladder,” Ashley says. “When you go to college, you don’t want to be a senior right away—you want to be a freshman.” 2023 June 15, Kat Moon, “Ashley Park’s Main Character Energy From ‘Joy Ride’ Is Here To Stay: ‘I’m Treating Myself Like A Lead Now’”, in Women's Health:
  4. (dated) A floor timber in a ship.
  5. (dated) One of the stakes of a cart; a spar; a heavy staff.
  6. (dated) One of the radial handles projecting from the rim of a steering wheel.
  7. (dated) One of the pins or trundles of a lantern wheel.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
rungs Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

bottom rung · top rung · runghead · rungless · runged

Descendants

runga

Synonyms

spoke · echelon

Translations (83)

ga runga (crosspiece between chair legs) · pa ਪੌੜੀ (ladder step) · fr barreau (ladder step) · fi tikas (ladder step) · de Leitersprosse (ladder step) · it traversa (crosspiece between chair legs) · mi kaupae (ladder step) · it scalino (ladder step) · fi astin (ladder step) · gl tranco (crosspiece between chair legs) · ru ступе́нь (ladder step) · id anak tangga (ladder step) · gl banzo (ladder step) · ga runga (a position in a hierarchy) · bg стъпало на подвижна стълба (ladder step) · bg стъпало (a position in a hierarchy) · fi puola (ladder step) · mn гишгүүр (ladder step) · es peldaño (ladder step) · cy ffon (ladder step) · es travesaño (crosspiece between chair legs) · no trinn (ladder step) · ota باصامق (ladder step) · gl bance (ladder step) · gl banceira (ladder step) · ota پایه (ladder step) · fr échelon (a position in a hierarchy) · ar دَرَجَة (ladder step) · vec scalin (ladder step) · km កាំជណ្ដើរ (ladder step) · bcl tangga (ladder step) · it piolo (ladder step) · cy ffon (crosspiece between chair legs) · pa ਡੰਡਾ (ladder step) · vec scałin (ladder step) · pt travessa (crosspiece between chair legs) · ist scaleîn (ladder step) · ru перекла́дина (crosspiece between chair legs) · pdt Spoak (ladder step) · ro treaptă (ladder step) · gl travesallo (crosspiece between chair legs) · hu létrafok (ladder step) · ru ступе́нька (ladder step) · cs příčka (ladder step) · is þrep (ladder step) · gl travesa (crosspiece between chair legs) · de Querstab (crosspiece between chair legs) · da tremme (ladder step) · is trappa (ladder step) · bo སྐས་གདང (ladder step) · ga runga (ladder step) · ab ашьапҿаԥса́ (ladder step) · gl chanzo (ladder step) · mi kaupeka (ladder step) · hu fok (ladder step) · fi poikkipuu (crosspiece between chair legs) · pt degrau (ladder step) · be ганачка (ladder step) · de Sprosse (ladder step) · fi piena (crosspiece between chair legs) · eu maila (ladder step) · sv pinne (ladder step) · sk sprušľa (ladder step) · bg напречник (crosspiece between chair legs) · eo ŝtupeto (ladder step) · ka საფეხური (ladder step) · vi bậc (ladder step) · es escalón (a position in a hierarchy) · sk šprusľa (ladder step) · no rang (a position in a hierarchy) · el σκαλί (ladder step) · pl szczebel (ladder step) · ca barrot (ladder step) · fr barreau (crosspiece between chair legs) · es peldaño (a position in a hierarchy) · fi poikkipuu (ladder step) · mi teka (ladder step) · pl poprzeczka (crosspiece between chair legs) · ca barrot (crosspiece between chair legs) · grc κλιμακτήρ (ladder step) · cs šprušle (ladder step) · cmn 梯級 /梯级 (ladder step) · nl sport (ladder step)

rung en · ADJ · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɹɐ̞ŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • /ˈɹʊŋɡ/ without the NG-coalescence
  • /ˈɹäŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈɹʊŋ/
  • /ˈɹʌŋ/
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈɹɜŋ/ Southern US, African-American Vernacular, fronting

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Meanings

  1. (not-comparable) Of a pig: having a ring through the nose.
    • A "rung" pig is comfortable as long as he confines his food hunt to the surface of the ground. Ringing a pig of ordinary size is easy, but special arrangements must be made for handling the big ones. 1919, Popular Science, volume 95, number 4, page 31:
    • […] he passed by his gate with a decided scowl on his furrowed brow, and grunting and growling like a newly rung pig. 1842, American Turf Register and Sporting Magazine, volume 13, page 335:

rung en · VERB · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɹɐ̞ŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • /ˈɹʊŋɡ/ without the NG-coalescence
  • /ˈɹäŋ/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈɹʊŋ/
  • /ˈɹʌŋ/
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈɹɜŋ/ Southern US, African-American Vernacular, fronting

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Meanings

  1. (form-of, participle, past) past participle of ring (only in senses related to a bell)
    form of ring
  2. (dialectal, form-of, past) simple past of ring
    form of ring
    • So they rung him up, and the next day he came to me and wanted to know where that pitch was. 1996, Peter Golenbock, Wrigleyville: A Magical History Tour of the Chicago Cubs, page 435:
    • With ecchoing Shouts the vaulted Chamber rung, / Belle Chuck was now the TOAST of ev'ry Tongue. 1723, Charles Walker, Memoirs of Sally Salisbury, section VI:
    • "I just rung him up, told him I was looking for an apartment and some work and got both of them the same day," Moe said. 2008, Dean Kuipers, Burning Rainbow Farm: How a Stoner Utopia Went Up in Smoke, page 70:
    • Mr. Seibels, in his testimony, said I rung him up to see about labels. He is very much mistaken. I rung him up to see about bottles. 1906, South Carolina. General Assembly, Report of State Officers, Board and Committees to the General ..., page 229: