Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.
Borrowed into late Middle English from Middle French refusé, past participle of refuser (“to refuse”). Displaced native Middle English wernen (“to refuse”) likely due to the similar sounding Middle English warnen
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| more refuse | Degree=Cmp | lexicographic | |
| most refuse | Degree=Sup | lexicographic |
Borrowed into late Middle English from Middle French refusé, past participle of refuser (“to refuse”). Displaced native Middle English wernen (“to refuse”) likely due to the similar sounding Middle English warnen
refuse bin · bulky refuse · refuse collector · refuse chute
discards · trash · garbage · rubbish
uk відхо́ди (items or material that have been discarded) · af vullis (items or material that have been discarded) · sv skräp (items or material that have been discarded) · hi कचरा (items or material that have been discarded) · ga fuílleach (items or material that have been discarded) · cs odpad (items or material that have been discarded) · ru отхо́ды (items or material that have been discarded) · id sampah (items or material that have been discarded) · sq mbetje (items or material that have been discarded) · uk сміття́ (items or material that have been discarded) · sv sopor (items or material that have been discarded) · mi parapara (items or material that have been discarded) · pt descartado (items or material that have been discarded) · af rommel (items or material that have been discarded) · hu hulladék (items or material that have been discarded) · cy sbwriel (items or material that have been discarded) · sv avskräde (items or material that have been discarded) · ca rebuig (items or material that have been discarded) · fr déchets (items or material that have been discarded) · ga bruscar (items or material that have been discarded) · mi para (items or material that have been discarded) · la scrūta (items or material that have been discarded) · pdt Aufgank (items or material that have been discarded) · fr détritus (items or material that have been discarded) · ja ごみ (items or material that have been discarded) · lo ຂີ້ເຫຍື້ອ (items or material that have been discarded) · nb avfall (items or material that have been discarded) · sv rens (items or material that have been discarded) · es desechos (items or material that have been discarded) · da affald (items or material that have been discarded) · mi kapurangi (items or material that have been discarded) · hu szemét (items or material that have been discarded) · grc φορυτός (items or material that have been discarded) · es rejús (items or material that have been discarded) · es rehús (items or material that have been discarded) · bg отпадъци (items or material that have been discarded) · ru му́сор (items or material that have been discarded) · nl afval (items or material that have been discarded) · pt lixo (items or material that have been discarded) · fr ordures (items or material that have been discarded) · ko 쓰레기 (items or material that have been discarded) · ru отбро́сы (items or material that have been discarded) · th ขยะ (items or material that have been discarded) · ga dríodar (items or material that have been discarded) · fi jäte (items or material that have been discarded) · grc σκύβαλον (items or material that have been discarded) · nl vuilnis (items or material that have been discarded) · de Abfall (items or material that have been discarded) · es rebús (items or material that have been discarded) · la quisquiliae (items or material that have been discarded) · el απορρίματα (items or material that have been discarded) · cmn 垃圾 (items or material that have been discarded) · chr ᎤᏲ (items or material that have been discarded) · sv avfall (items or material that have been discarded) · de Müll (items or material that have been discarded) · es basura (items or material that have been discarded) · it rifiuti (items or material that have been discarded) · gl lixo (items or material that have been discarded) · pl odrzuty (items or material that have been discarded) · cy sothach (items or material that have been discarded) · hi कूड़ा (items or material that have been discarded)
From Middle English refusen, from Old French refuser, from Vulgar Latin *refūsāre, a blend of Classical Latin refūtāre (whence also refute) and recūsāre (whence also recuse).
This ſpoken, readie with a proud refuſe [...]1600, [Torquato Tasso], “The Twelfth Booke of Godfrey of Bulloigne”, in Edward Fairefax [i.e., Edward Fairfax], transl., Godfrey of Bulloigne, or The Recouerie of Ierusalem. […], London: […] Ar[nold] Hatfield, for I[saac] Iaggard and M[atthew] Lownes, →OCLC, stanza 13, page 215:
From Middle English refusen, from Old French refuser, from Vulgar Latin *refūsāre, a blend of Classical Latin refūtāre (whence also refute) and recūsāre (whence also recuse).
My request for a pay rise was refused.
After the death of his [Verney's] first wife, he proposed to Florence Nightingale but she refused him. Later he married her sister, and for many years Claydon was Miss Nightingale's second home.1960 March 14, N. Caplan, “The Railway Member of Parliament”, in Railway Magazine, page 208:
The U. N. sent a commission to arrange for election of a Korean government. Russia and her satellites declined to cooperate with this Commission. Russia refused to let the Commission hold an election in north Korea, or even to enter north Korea. In southern Korea Leftist parties refused to meet with the Commission.1948 March 1, “Duel in Korea”, in World Week, volume 12, number 5, Scholastic Corporation, page 10, column 2:
I refuse to listen to this nonsense any more.
City were outclassed thereafter and Roberto Mancini said that substitute Carlos Tevez refused to play.2011 September 27, Alistair Magowan, “Bayern Munich 2 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport:
Eventually, the railway opened on Monday, December 14, 1896, with a universal fare of 1d. collected at the turnstiles, and conditions were immediately chaotic, as many passengers travelled round and round, and refused to leave the cars.1955 January, Charles E. Lee, “The Glasgow Underground Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 24:
I asked the star if I could have her autograph, but she refused.
If ye refuse […] ye shall be devoured with the sword.1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 1:20:
Trump has explicitly refused to deal with the European Commission, seeking instead to conduct bilateral relations with individual EU countries.2018, Michael Cottakis – LSE, “Colliding worlds: Donald Trump and the European Union”, in LSE's blog:
My thoughts are disturbed by a man and pooch trying to get off the front of the train. Despite hitting the door button, they refused to open.2022 November 2, Paul Bigland, “New trains, old trains, and splendid scenery”, in RAIL, number 969, page 58:
If we bang or scream they will spray us with some pepper or something else that's in an aeresol ^([sic]) can, and they wear gas masks, while the rest of us have to breathe the fumes in, and it makes us very sick and they refuse us medical treatment.1991 December 15, Saadia Everett, “Protest Beatings”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 22, page 4:
to refuse the right wing while the left wing attacks
Refuse thy name.c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| refuseth | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres | archaic | lexicographic |
| refuse | Number=Plur, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | VerbForm=Inf | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Mood=Sub, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Number=Sing, Person=1, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Mood=Imp, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refusest | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Pres | archaic | lexicographic |
| refused | Number=Plur, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic | |
| refused | Mood=Sub, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=1, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refuses | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refusedst | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Past | archaic | lexicographic |
| refusing | Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic |
unrefused · refusednik · refusingly · unrefusing · offer one can't refuse · refusable
forbear (decline a request or demand) · decline (decline) · withsake (decline) · withsay (decline) · reject (decline) · say no (decline a request or demand) · turn down (decline) · negative (decline) · nill (decline) · say no to (decline) · veto (decline)
ru отказа́ть ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · th ปฏิเสธ ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · de sich weigern ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · nl afslaan ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · la recūsō ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ln boya ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · pt recusar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · nl weigeren ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hy մերժել ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fr refuser ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · zdj uharaya ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · bg отка́звам ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · mba balibad ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · es rehusarse ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ru отклони́ть ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · my ပယ်ရှား ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ko 거절하다 ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sw -dinda ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · la abnegō ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · cy gwarafun ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cy pallu ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ar أَبَى ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · el αρνούμαι ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · th ปฏิเสธ ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ka უარყოფს ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · io refuzar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · enm wernen ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · uk відмовля́ти ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · la abnegō ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · bg отказвам се ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ja 断る ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ru отка́зывать ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · it rifiutarsi ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · sv vägra ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · id menolak ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · eo rifuzi ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fr refuser ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cy nacáu ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sid gib- ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · be адмаўля́ць ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · or ନାହିଁ କରିବା ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · mk одбива ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sv vägra ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ja 断る ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sh òdbiti ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cmn 回絕 /回绝 ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · af weier ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · hi अस्वीकारना ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ru отказа́ться ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · cmn 拒絕 /拒绝 ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · oc refusar ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · de abschlagen ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sh о̀дбити ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cy gwrthod ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · pl odmówić ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ar رَفَضَ ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ka უარს ამბობს ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ca refusar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ru отка́зываться ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · got 𐌱𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ar رَفَضَ ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · nb avslå ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ca refusar ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · nrf r'fuser ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · hu visszautasít ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ka უარს იტყვის ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ja 拒む ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sk odmietať ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · te నిరాకరించు ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ca rebutjar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sv avslå ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sk odmietnuť ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ceb balibad ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ka უარს იტყვის ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fi kieltäytyä ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · de sich weigern ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · pt recusar ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · id menolak ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · km បដិសេធ ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ht refize ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ht refize ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · mi whakanau ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · be адка́зваць ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · qu mananchay ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hu megtagad ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · sw -kanusha ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hu nem hajlandó ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · qu mana quy ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · vi từ chối ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fi kieltäytyä ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · el αρνούμαι ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ga éar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ka უარყოფს ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · nrf r'fuser ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · tr reddetmek ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · eo rifuziĝi ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · gd diùlt ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · mi kape ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · es rehusar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fa رد کردن ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hi अस्वीकार करना ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · te నిరాకరించు ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · da afslå ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cmn 拒絕 /拒绝 ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · mn татгалзах ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · de ablehnen ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · pl odrzucać impf odrzucić ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ga cuir suas do ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · it rifiutare ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · de verweigern ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cy gomedd ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · eu uko egin ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hi अस्वीकार करना ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · ga eitigh ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · eu baztertu ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ny -kana ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · cs odmítnout ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · gl refusar ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · mk одбие ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ja 否む ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · mi tohe ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · mi meko ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · af weier ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · uk відмовля́тися ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · gl recusar ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · gd diùlt ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · hy հրաժարվել ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · zdj uhara ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · bni boya ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hu elutasít ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · fi ei suostua ((intransitive) decline a request or demand) · pam payalyan ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · lo ປະຕິເສດ ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · kw denagha ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · om diduu ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ru отклоня́ть ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · hi अस्वीकारना ((transitive) decline (request, demand)) · ka უარს ამბობს ((transitive) decline (request, demand))
Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English fuse English refuse From re- + fuse.
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| refuse | Number=Plur, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | VerbForm=Inf | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Mood=Sub, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Number=Sing, Person=1, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Mood=Imp, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuse | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refuses | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres | lexicographic | |
| refusing | Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Plur, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=2, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part | lexicographic | |
| refused | Mood=Sub, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Number=Sing, Person=1, Tense=Past | lexicographic | |
| refused | Tense=Past | lexicographic |