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Dictionary

Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

reader en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɹiː.də/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • /ˈɹi.dɚ/ (General-American)
  • /ˈɹiː.dɐ/ (Northumbria)

Etymology

From Middle English reder, redar, redere, redare, from Old English rēdere, rǣdere (“a reader; scholar; diviner”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādāri, equivalent to read + -er. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Räider (“advisor”), Dutch rader (“advisor”), German Rater (“advisor”).

Meanings

  1. A person who reads.
    • an early reader, a talented reader
  2. A person who reads a publication.
    • In its May 1965 issue, Life magazine condemned skateboards as a “menace to limb and even to life,” and cautioned readers about riders who “take over the paths made for peaceful strollers.” 2018 July 13, Jaime Marie Davis, “How photographers have captured skateboarding through generations”, in CNN, archived from the original on 18 Mar 2025:
    • 10,000 weekly readers
  3. A person who recites literary works, usually to an audience.
  4. A proofreader.
  5. A person employed by a publisher to read works submitted for publication and determine their merits.
    • They were dog-eared by the hands of many a publisher's-reader and postman. 1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter VIII, in Capricornia, page 123:
  6. A position attached to aristocracy, or to the wealthy, with the task of reading aloud, often in a foreign language.
    • "I am commissioned by the Queen to offer you the place of Italian reader; and I assure you the offer was made with many kind expressions of interest. You will enter upon the duties, which are almost nominal, immediately." 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 83–84:
  7. (UK) A university lecturer ranking below a professor.
  8. Any device that reads something.
    • The reMarkable PDF reader is really targeted at the digital writing market, rather than the digital reading market, though most serious e-readers support pens for annotations and signatures. 2019 June 27, Jack Schofield, “What’s the best cheap tablet or e-reader for PDF files?”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 27 Apr 2023:
    • a card reader, a microfilm reader
    • A quick search on Kaiser's website, there was nothing that talked about plate readers or a usage policy. 2023 December 1, Da Lin, “Privacy advocates accuse Kaiser of not following state law on license plate readers”, in CBS News, archived from the original on 22 Feb 2024:
  9. A book of exercises to accompany a textbook.
  10. An elementary textbook for those learning to read, in a native language or a foreign language.
    • [Editor David W. Blight said:] In 1795, after producing his own geography textbook, modeled on Jedidiah Morse’s famous Geography (1784), Bingham resigned as a teacher in the Boston schools, opened a bookstore on Cornhill Street in Boston, and devoted himself to producing schoolbooks. In Boston in 1797, he published the first of approximately 23 editions of The Columbian Orator. By the first two decades of the nineteenth century, in vast stretches of rural America, including the South, Bingham’s readers joined the Bible and an occasional almanac as the only books in many homesteads. […] Finally, Bingham saw the early American republic as a new political beginning for humankind, and his more than one million schoolbooks sold across the land were designed to produce republican citizens. The Columbian Orator was an elocution manual as well as a reader for school children in the new republic. 1997 [1797], David W. Blight, “Editor's Introduction: The Peculiar Dialogue Between Caleb Bingham and Frederick Douglass”, in Caleb Bingham, edited by David W. Blight, The Columbian Orator, Bicentennial Edition (1997 republishing), New York University Press, →ISBN:
    • Appletons’ School Readers
  11. A literary anthology.
    • A good bedtime reader should entertain and delight, and that's what I find in Girard Kent's The Boy Harleqin ^([sic]) and Other Stories. 1981 December 1, Thomas Hopkinson, “Streetboy Dreams; The Boy Harlequin and Other Stories (review)”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 20, page 10:
  12. A lay or minor cleric who reads lessons in a church service.
  13. A newspaper advertisement designed to look like a news article rather than a commercial solicitation.
  14. (in-plural) Reading glasses.
  15. (in-plural, slang) Marked playing cards used by cheaters.
    • LUMINOUS READERS—Marked cards that can be read only through tinted glasses. 1961, United States. Congress. Senate. Government Operations, Gambling and Organized Crime, Parts 1, 2, 3. 87-1, page 286:
    • Of the 150,000,000 decks of cards sold each year in America, Scarne estimates that 1 percent get marked at some point. Yet, as he discovered in his 1972 gambling survey, only 2 percent of average players have any idea of how to detect these "readers." 1991, John Bowyer Bell, Barton Whaley, Cheating and Deception, page 185:
  16. (obsolete, slang) A wallet or pocketbook.
    • […] Q was a Queer-screen, that served as a blind; / R was a Reader, with flimsies well lined; […] 1846, George William MacArthur Reynolds, The Mysteries of London, page 60:
  17. At Eton College, a lesson for which pupils are sent back to their separate school houses.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
readers Number=Plur lexicographic

Antonyms

nonreader

Deriveds

reader copy · readerdom · readerless · readerbase · readeress · film reader · exercise for the reader · sight-reader · readerboard · proof-reader · readership · book-reader · readerly · rip-and-reader · stall-reader · mind-reader

Hyponyms

counterreader · plate reader · beta reader · newsreader · early reader · mind reader · card reader · lay reader · email reader · prereader · palm reader · microplate reader · scorereader · screen reader · intrareader · first reader · hyperreader · easy reader · e-reader · subreader · wreader · lipreader · sensitivity reader · e-book reader · barcode reader · playreader · interreader · feedreader · copyreader · blind reader · microreader · proof reader

Synonyms

reading notice · first reader · publisher's reader · proofreader · printer's reader

Translations (241)

it lettore (person who reads a publication) · pt leitora (person who reads a publication) · de Lesebuch (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · mk читач (any device that reads something) · ckb خوێنەر (person who reads a publication) · de Reader (a book of exercises to accompany a textbook) · pdt Läsa (person who reads a publication) · be чыта́чка (person who reads a publication) · gl lectora (person who reads a publication) · bg чете́ц (person who reads a publication) · yue 讀者 /读者 (person who reads a publication) · mn уншигч (person who reads a publication) · de Übungsbuch (a book of exercises to accompany a textbook) · de Übungsheft (a book of exercises to accompany a textbook) · oc legeire (person who reads a publication) · de Lektor (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · be чыта́нка (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · hu lektor (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · gu વાંચનાર (person who reads a publication) · cmn 文選 /文选 (a literary anthology) · la lector (person who reads a publication) · oc legeira (person who reads a publication) · hu olvasó (any device that reads something) · de Vorleserin (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · vi độc bản (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · bg коре́ктор (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · cy darllenydd (person who reads a publication) · th ผู้อ่าน (person who reads a publication) · yi לעזערין (person who reads a publication) · lv lasītāja (person who reads a publication) · nds Läsersche (person who reads a publication) · mr वाचक (person who reads a publication) · de Leserin (person who reads a publication) · nl lezer (person who reads a publication) · ru чита́тель (person who reads a publication) · tl mambabasa (person who reads a publication) · uk хрестома́тія (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · id alat baca (any device that reads something) · lv lasāmgrāmata (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ja 読者 (person who reads a publication) · hu antológia (a literary anthology) · cs lektor (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · izh lukija (person who reads a publication) · pap lesadó (person who reads a publication) · ar قَارِئ (any device that reads something) · yi לייענערין (person who reads a publication) · pt leitor (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · mk читателка (person who reads a publication) · eo leganto (person who reads a publication) · ru чти́ца (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · gl lector (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · sk čitateľ (person who reads a publication) · eo legilo (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · pdt Läsbuak (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · sh чѝта̄ч (any device that reads something) · ja 読本 (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ar قَارِئ (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · ka მკითხველი (person who reads a publication) · nds Läser (person who reads a publication) · prs قَارِی (person who reads a publication) · be буква́р (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · pl czytelniczka (person who reads a publication) · sv läsare (person who reads a publication) · tg қорӣ (person who reads a publication) · cmn 讀者 /读者 (person who reads a publication) · yue 讀本 /读本 (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · uk чита́чка (person who reads a publication) · gl lector (any device that reads something) · nds Leserin (person who reads a publication) · uk буква́р (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · be чыта́льнік (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · ru буква́рь (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · be чыта́ч (person who reads a publication) · ba уҡыусы (person who reads a publication) · ca lector (person who reads a publication) · sh čitatèljica (person who reads a publication) · id pembaca (person who reads a publication) · es lector (any device that reads something) · sv läsarinna (person who reads a publication) · am አንባቢ (person who reads a publication) · nds Läserin (person who reads a publication) · mr वाचणारा (person who reads a publication) · he קוֹרֵא (person who reads a publication) · fi aapinen (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ps لوستونکى (person who reads a publication) · mk читанка (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ru чита́тельница (person who reads a publication) · cmn 讀本 /读本 (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ps قاري (person who reads a publication) · mi pūpānui (any device that reads something) · fa-cls خْوَانَنْدَه (person who reads a publication) · ug خرېستوماتىيە (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ky окурман (person who reads a publication) · es lector (person who reads a publication) · sh čìtalac (person who reads a publication) · yol readeare (person who reads a publication) · my ဖတ်စာ (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · tg хонанда (person who reads a publication) · mk читател (person who reads a publication) · nn lesar (person who reads a publication) · sl bralec (person who reads a publication) · ko 읽는 사람 (person who reads a publication) · ar قَارِئَة (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · tt кари (person who reads a publication) · ko 리더 (any device that reads something) · lt skaitytoja (person who reads a publication) · pl czytnik (any device that reads something) · be хрэстама́тыя (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ru кни́га для чте́ния (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · tl basahan (person who reads a publication) · fr lectrice (person who reads a publication) · sk čitateľka (person who reads a publication) · ar قَارِئَة (person who reads a publication) · ko 독본 (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · bg христома́тия (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · bg чита́нка (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ga léitheoir (person who reads a publication) · pl czytelnik (person who reads a publication) · tyv номчукчу (person who reads a publication) · nds Leser (person who reads a publication) · sh чѝталац (person who reads a publication) · fo lesari (person who reads a publication) · ms pembaca (person who reads a publication) · ru хрестома́тия (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ru антоло́гия (a literary anthology) · ru счи́тыватель (any device that reads something) · tk okyjy (person who reads a publication) · ug كىتابخان (person who reads a publication) · hi पाठक (person who reads a publication) · sh čìtāč (any device that reads something) · ur رِیڈَر (person who reads a publication) · de Blütenlese (a literary anthology) · lt skaitytojas (person who reads a publication) · et lugeja (person who reads a publication) · fy lêzer (person who reads a publication) · bg чете́ц (any device that reads something) · sms lookki (person who reads a publication) · sah ааҕааччы (person who reads a publication) · el αναγνώστρια (person who reads a publication) · de Anthologie (a literary anthology) · gl lectora (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · pt leitora (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · fr lecteur (person who reads a publication) · bg чита́телка (person who reads a publication) · de Verlagslektor (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · de Vorleser (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · hi रीडर (person who reads a publication) · de Leser (person who reads a publication) · pt leitor (person who reads a publication) · fa-ira قاری (person who reads a publication) · tt укучы (person who reads a publication) · ug ئوقۇرمەن (person who reads a publication) · ur قاری (person who reads a publication) · ast llectora (person who reads a publication) · ky окуучу (person who reads a publication) · eu irakurle (person who reads a publication) · fa-ira خوانَنْدِه (person who reads a publication) · nds Lesersche (person who reads a publication) · uz kitobxon (person who reads a publication) · hu felolvasó (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · bg буква́р (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · sh čìtatelj (person who reads a publication) · my ဖတ်သူ (person who reads a publication) · yi לייענער (person who reads a publication) · sl bralka (person who reads a publication) · hy ընթերցող (person who reads a publication) · nb leser (person who reads a publication) · ro cititoare (person who reads a publication) · km អ្នកអាន (person who reads a publication) · hu olvasó (person who reads a publication) · br lenner (person who reads a publication) · el αναγνώστης (person who reads a publication) · es lector (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · dng нянҗя (person who reads a publication) · lo ຜູ້ອ່ານ (person who reads a publication) · grc ἀναγνώστης (person who reads a publication) · gl lector (person who reads a publication) · cs předčítač (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · la lectrix (person who reads a publication) · mk практикум (a book of exercises to accompany a textbook) · be чыта́льніца (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · ko 리더 (person who reads a publication) · mn ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ (person who reads a publication) · xal умшач (person who reads a publication) · sq lexues (person who reads a publication) · sq lexuese (person who reads a publication) · pt antologia (a literary anthology) · hu leolvasó (any device that reads something) · lv hrestomātija (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · kk оқырман (person who reads a publication) · tr okuyucu (person who reads a publication) · fi lukija (person who reads a publication) · prs خوَانَنْدَه (person who reads a publication) · id pembaca (any device that reads something) · cs čtenář (person who reads a publication) · sh читатѐљица (person who reads a publication) · nl lezeres (person who reads a publication) · is lesandi (person who reads a publication) · la lector (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · az oxucu (person who reads a publication) · kk оқушы (person who reads a publication) · es lectora (person who reads a publication) · ro cititor (person who reads a publication) · es lectora (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · lv lasītājs (person who reads a publication) · sh чѝтатељ (person who reads a publication) · hi पाठिका (person who reads a publication) · yi לעזער (person who reads a publication) · ru чтец (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · cs korektor (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · uk чита́ч (person who reads a publication) · gd leughadair (person who reads a publication) · cs čtečka (any device that reads something) · da læser (person who reads a publication) · nds Läsersch (person who reads a publication) · ar قَارِئ (person who reads a publication) · it lettrice (person who reads a publication) · la lectrix (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · ja リーダー (person who reads a publication) · grc ἀναγνώστης (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · ar قَارِئ (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · bg чете́ц (person who recites literary works, usually to an audience) · cs čtenářka (person who reads a publication) · kmr xwendevan (person who reads a publication) · mr वाचणारी (person who reads a publication) · da læserinde (person who reads a publication) · ru реда́ктор (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · ug ئوقۇغۇچى (person who reads a publication) · bn পাঠক (person who reads a publication) · bg чита́тел (person who reads a publication) · nds Lesersch (person who reads a publication) · uz oʻquvchi (person who reads a publication) · ast llector (person who reads a publication) · hu szöveggyűjtemény (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · de Lesegerät (any device that reads something) · sw msomaji (person who reads a publication) · hu olvasókönyv (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages) · ar قَارِئَة (person employed by a publisher to read works and determine their merits) · pt leitor (any device that reads something) · ko 독자 (person who reads a publication) · be леманта́р (an elementary textbook for those learning to read, especially for foreign languages)