rationalism en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- (Mid-Atlantic, US) audio
- /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəlɪzəm/ (Australia, Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation)
Etymology
Etymology tree English rational Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English rationalism From rational + -ism.
Meanings
- (countable, uncountable) The theory that reason is a source of knowledge independent of and superior to sense perception.
- (countable, uncountable) The theory that knowledge may be derived by deductions from a priori concepts (such as axioms, postulates or earlier deductions).
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(countable, uncountable) A view that the fundamental method for problem solving is through reason and experience rather than faith, inspiration, revelation, intuition or authority.
The opinion opposed to mysticism in philosophy is sometimes spoken of as rationalism. Rationalism insists that all our beliefs ought ultimately to find for themselves articulate grounds. Such grounds, for rationalism, must consist of four things: (1) definitely statable abstract principles; (2) definite facts of sensation; (3) definite hypotheses based on such facts; and (4) definite inferences logically drawn.
1902, William James, “Lecture 3”, in The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature […] , New York, N.Y.; London: Longmans, Green, and Co. […], →OCLC:
- (countable, uncountable) Elaboration of theories by use of reason alone without appeal to experience, such as in mathematical systems.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| rationalisms | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Antonyms
mysticism · irrationalism · traditionalism · sensationalism
Coordinates
Deriveds
economic rationalism · antirationalism · agnostic rationalism · critical rationalism · pseudorationalism
Relateds
rationality · empiricism · rationalist
Synonyms
Translations (36)
ro raționalism (philosophical theory) · ca racionalisme (philosophical theory) · lv racionālisms (philosophical theory) · uk раціоналі́зм (philosophical theory) · th เหตุผลนิยม (philosophical theory) · sh racionalizam (philosophical theory) · ka რაციონალიზმი (philosophical theory) · hi तर्कबुद्धिवाद (philosophical theory) · cs racionalismus (philosophical theory) · pt racionalismo (philosophical theory) · it razionalismo (philosophical theory) · nl rationalisme (philosophical theory) · be рацыяналі́зм (philosophical theory) · fi rationalismi (philosophical theory) · hi तर्कवाद (philosophical theory) · de Rationalismus (philosophical theory) · ru рационали́зм (philosophical theory) · pl racjonalizm (philosophical theory) · id rasionalisme (philosophical theory) · cmn 理性主義 /理性主义 (philosophical theory) · ml യുക്തിവാദം (philosophical theory) · ar عَقْلَانِيَّة (philosophical theory) · cmn 純理論 /纯理论 (philosophical theory) · ar عَقْلِيَّة (philosophical theory) · cmn 唯理論 /唯理论 (philosophical theory) · et ratsionalism (philosophical theory) · he רַצְיוֹנָלִיזְם (philosophical theory) · es racionalismo (philosophical theory) · he שְׂכַלְתָּנוּת (philosophical theory) · el ορθολογισμός (philosophical theory) · yi ראַציאָנאַליזם (philosophical theory) · cmn 合理主義 /合理主义 (philosophical theory) · eo raciismo (philosophical theory) · ta பகுத்தறிவியம் (philosophical theory) · hi बुद्धिवाद (philosophical theory) · fr rationalisme (philosophical theory)