radium en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- (UK) audio
- /ˈɹeɪ.dɪ.əm/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- rād'ēəm (General-American)
- (General-American) audio
- /ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/ (General-American)
Etymology
Etymology tree Latin radiusder. French radio- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti Proto-Italic *agō Latin agō Proto-Indo-European *-wós Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder. Latin -īvus ▲ Ancient Greek ἐνεργητῐκός (energētĭkós)sl. Latin āctīvusbor. Old French actif French actif French radio(actif) Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -iusnom. Latin -ium French radiumbor. English radium Borrowed from French radium, from rad(ioactif) (“radioactive”) + -ium (suffix used to form the names of metallic elements).
Meanings
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(countable, uncountable) The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal.
Even as X-rays vied with radium as the preferred tool for biological experimentation in later decades, [Hermann Joseph] Muller continued to rely on radium not only as a mutagen, but also as an important conceptual tool, seeing radium and life as somehow intimately connected analogically, discursively, evolutionarily, mechanistically, and metaphysically.
2015, Luis A. Campos, “Transmutations and Disintegrations”, in Radium and the Secret of Life, Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 247:As soon as it had been shown that skin burns could be caused by radium, medical men began to experiment in order to find out if malignant growths of the skin could be destroyed by the same agency. [...] Immense strides have been made in the technique of applying the radium to kill cancers.
1936, Wyndham E. B. Lloyd, “Radium”, in A Hundred Years of Medicine, London: Duckworth […], published 1939, part II (Scientific Discovery in the Last Hundred Years), page 208:The U.S. radium dial painters of the 1920s comprised an early cohort of several thousand workers at increased risk of developing radiation induced cancers.
2010, Charles L. Sanders, “Accidents, Tests, and Incidents”, in Radiation Hormesis and the Linear-No-Threshold Assumption, Heidelberg; Dordrecht: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, page 43:The object of this work is to determine how the radiums D, E, and F are separated from the substance known as radio-lead by certain chemical reactions. Recrystallisation of the nitrate from a neutral solution gradually removes the radium-F (polonium), which remains in the mother liquor, but does not appreciably influence the amounts of radiums D and E in the crystals.
1908, E. H[orton], “General and Physical Chemistry. [Radio-lead. Belá Szilard.]”, in J. C. Cain, editor, Journal of the Chemical Society. Abstracts of Papers on Physical, Inorganic, Mineralogical, Physiological, Agricultural, and Analytical Chemistry, volume XCIV, part II, London: Gurney & Jackson, […], →OCLC, page 141:As for myself, I had to devote again a great deal of time to the preparation of several decigrammes of very pure radium chloride. With this I achieved, in 1907, a new determination of the atomic weight of radium, and in 1910 I was able to isolate the metal.
1923, Marie Curie, “Autobiographical Notes: Marie Curie”, in Charlotte Kellogg, Vernon Kellogg, transl., Pierre Curie, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, chapter II, page 197:Madame [Marie] Curie, working with her distinguished husband, isolated and first traced to its true origin the source of the marvellous power which has thus commenced to revolutionise our philosophy of physics. This new element has appropriately been named "Radium;" but it has also been shown that there are many other, though less powerful, radio-active elements, details of which are recorded in the sequel. To be precise, radium, per se, has not yet been isolated as a metal, but only in the form of salts,—chlorides and bromides. [...] It is supposed that the molecules of radium (composed of similar atoms) during their decomposition into those of the gas helium, are also frittered down into heat and, in part, are liberated as radio-activity.
1902, Ernest Howard Adye, “Radio-active Elements”, in Frank Rutley, Mineralogy (Murby’s “Science and Art Department” Series of Text-books), 15th revised and corrected edition, London: Thomas Murby & Co., […], →OCLC, page 234:The persistence of radio-activity on glass vessels which have contained radium is remarkable. Filters, beakers, and dishes used in the laboratory for operations with radium, after having been washed in the usual way, remain radio-active: a piece of blende screen held inside the beaker or other vessel immediately glowing with the presence of radium.
1903 April 2, William Crookes, “The Emanations of Radium”, in Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science, volume 67, number 1744, London: Macmillan and Co.; New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, pages 522–523:Radium is formed by the breaking up of atoms of another element called uranium, but radium shows this breaking up process in its own atoms more distinctly than does uranium or any other element we know, and it is this breaking up that gives radium its astonishing properties such as the production of heat, electricity, and wave motions in the ether which are similar to the wave motions which produce the sensation of light to our eyes.
1919 December, Henriette Boeckmann, “Bringing the Stars to the People: It’s Easy to Get on Familiar Terms with Other Worlds at Clark Observatory”, in Waldemar Kaempffert, editor, Popular Science Monthly, volume 95, number 5, New York, N.Y.: Modern Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, page 206, column 1:Well, remember how the children of the State Orphanage became mysteriously ill? The doctors diagnosed it as radium poisoning, but how it happened was a first class mystery to them. There's no radium factory within miles of the orphanage.
1940 May–June, Charles Nicholas [pseudonym; Charles Nicholas Cuidera], “Mass Murder by Radioactive Salt”, in The Blue Beetle, number 2, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.: Fox Feature Syndicate, →OCLC, column 1:Of the total, fifteen cases were treated surgically, seventeen by radium, one by a combination of the two methods, three by radium and X-ray, one by the Percy cautery, two by the cautery, and two by the cautery preceding the application of radium.
1923 September, Dewell Gann, “The Review of Forty Consecutive Cases of Carcinoma of the Cervix”, in The Urologic and Cutaneous Review, volume XXVII, number 9, St. Louis, Mo.: Urologic and Cutaneous Press, →OCLC, page 564, column 1:
- (countable) The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal. ▸ An atom of this element.
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(countable, dated, uncountable) A type of cloth woven from silk or synthetic yarn, often with a shiny appearance.
In printed silks for outer garments and linings there are crêpe de chines, silk and cotton crêpes, georgettes, radiums and mousselines de soie. [...] [O]n radiums; Japanese print designs, silhouetted with parasols or flowers and shrubs, treated in Japanese style, on dark grounds, are employed. There are also a number of futuristic figures printed on radiums.
1920 June, “Many Novelties in French Silks”, in C. R. Clifford, editor, The American Silk Journal, volume XXXIX, number 6, New York, N.Y.: Clifford & Lawton, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 57, column 2:City retailers are doing well with high-class radiums printed in bright greens, brilliant purples and strong yellows. Such are the high novelties.
1913 January 11, “[Dress Fabrics […]] Silks Moving Well: An Excellent Business Assured for the Coming Spring Season”, in Dry Goods Economist, volume 67, number 3575, New York, N.Y.: The Textile Publishing Co., →OCLC, page 33, column 1:Radium, a term rather loosely applied to the bulk of domestic cloths of this class, includes goods of two fairly distinct types. [...] It is often tightly woven under high tension and so finished as to produce a highly lustrous appearance. But high luster is not essential, for many high-grade radiums are given a more or less dull finish. Of whatever finish, various cloths of this type are manufactured sometimes under the designation radium and sometimes under special copyrighted names.
1926, United States Tariff Commission, “Classification of Broad Silks—Character of Domestic Production”, in Broad-silk Manufacture and the Tariff, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, section I (Classification of Broad Silks), page 114:Radium satins will also be used extensively in the spring season.
1922 November 18, “[Silk Goods Markets] Printed Crepes to be Leader for Spring: Radium Satins and Taffetas Will also Show Their Vantage Points”, in Textile World, volume LXII, number 21, New York, N.Y.: Bragdon, Lord & Nagle Co., →OCLC, page 73 (page 2927 overall), column 3:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| radiums | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
radium oxide · radium burn · radium chloride · radium beam · radium dial · radium G · radium sulphate · radium D · radium B · radiumtherapy · radium F · radium therapy · radium clock · radiumise · radiumlike · radiferous · radium A · radium C1 · radium jaw · radium sulfate · Radium Girl · radium bromide · radon · radate · radium C' · radium plaque · radium hydroxide · radiumization · eka-radium · radium emanation · radiumize · radium needle · radium water · radiobe · teleradium · radium fluoride · radium C · radium bomb · radium D1 · radiumizer · radium iodide · radium E · nonradium · radium C2
Relateds
radioactive · radius · radiation · ray · radioactivity
Translations (55)
mi konuruke (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · eo radiumo (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · sv radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · nl radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · lt radis (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · yue 鐳 /镭 (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ja ラディウム (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · uk ра́дій (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · cs rádium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ca radi (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ru ра́дий (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · el ράδιο (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · hy ռադիում (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · vo radin (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ast radiu (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ko 라듐 (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · he רדיום (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · et raadium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ta கருகன் (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · sh rȃdīj (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · hi रेडियम (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · bg радий (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · cs radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · de Radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · pl rad (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ka რადიუმი (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · hu rádium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ja ラジウム (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · vi rađi (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · hi तेजातु (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · my ရေဒီယမ် (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · fa رادیوم (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ro radiu (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · es radio (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · fi radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · es rádium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · nn radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · pt rádio (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · oc radi (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · cmn 鐳 /镭 (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · gl radio (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · fr radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · br radiom (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · nb radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · th เรเดียม (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · es radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · lv rādijs (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · uz radiy (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ug رادىي (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · it radio (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · sh ра̑дӣј (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · km រ៉ាដ្យូម (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · ar رَادِيُوم (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · tr radyum (chemical element with an atomic number of 88) · af radium (chemical element with an atomic number of 88)
wikidata: Q1128 · wikidata: Q112666141 · wikipedia: Marie Curie · wikipedia: André Castaigne · wikidata: Q1128