radish en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈɹad.ɪʃ/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- /ˈɹɛd.ɪʃ/ (dated, dialectal)
- (Australia) audio
- /ˈɹæd.ɪʃ/ (General-American)
Etymology
PIE word *wréh₂ds From Middle English radiche, from Old English rǣdiċ, from Proto-West Germanic *rādik, borrowed from Latin rādīcem (“root of a plant; radish”); later influenced by Anglo-Norman radich and Middle French radice, borrowed from Italian radice, from the same Latin source. Doublet of radix.
Meanings
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(countable, uncountable) A plant of the Brassicaceae family, Raphanus sativus or Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, having an edible root.
The newly-introduced radish, which has attracted the attention of horticulturists so much of late, is certainly a novelty, inasmuch as the edible portion of the plant is the seed-vessel, and not the root. The common radish, in its numerous varieties, in such an exceedingly popular salad-plant, that we are scarcely prepared to look to this genus for new economic products or floral novelties. When we consider the many varieties of radish known to this country, from the long and tapering red-root to the white turnip-radish, we might, in some measure, be prepared for a wider development of nature's laws in tropical countries.
1866 June 1, J. R. Jackson, “The New Vegetable (Raphanus caudatus.)”, in Nature and Art, volume I, number I, London: Day & Son, Limited. 6 Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, (W.C.), →OCLC, page 8:Although hardly coming under my theme, I cannot omit this: "Against a woman's chatter: Taste at night fasting a root of radish, that day the chatter cannot harm thee."
1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 257:Many times they ſow divers ſeeds in a Bed together, as Radiſhes and Carrots, that by ſuch time as the Carrots come up, the Radiſhes may be gone. Upon beds newly ſet with Licorice they ſow Onions or Radiſh, or Lettice if their Licorice plants or ground be but weak, ſo as not quickly to cauſe a ſhadow with their leaves.
1659 (indicated as 1660), Robert Sharrock, “Of Propagation by Seed”, in The History of the Propagation & Improvement of Vegetables by the Concurrence of Art and Nature: …, Oxford: Printed by A. Lichfield, printer to the University, for Tho[mas] Robinson, →OCLC, pages 14–15
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(countable, uncountable) The root of this plant used as food. Some varieties are pungent and usually eaten raw in salads, etc., while others have a milder taste and are cooked.
Fat people ſhould not eat freely of oily, nouriſhing diet. They ought frequently to eat radiſh, garlic, ſpices, or ſuch things as are heating, and promote perſpiration and urine.
1791, Mary Cole, “[The Family Physician; or, The Country Lady’s Benevolent Employment.] General instructions, which will, if followed, infallibly prolong life.”, in […] The Lady’s Complete Guide; or, Cookery in All Its Branches. […], 3rd edition, London: […] G[eorge] Kearsley, […], →OCLC, page 418:Purple shoots had grown up from the wheat seeds sown in the furrows. He fell to his knees and dug up a radish. There was a sound like a bubble popping as the thin roots parted from the earth.
2015, Mo Yan [pseudonym; Guan Moye], translated by Howard Goldblatt, Radish (Penguin Specials), Melbourne, Vic.: Penguin Books Australia, →ISBN:The flavors of radicchio and radish are delicious with only a touch of balsamic vinegar for a dressing.
1993, Linda Gassenheimer, “Veal Dinners”, in Dinner in Minutes: Memorable Meals for Busy Cooks, New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 290:
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(countable, in-compounds, uncountable) Some other root plant of genus Raphanus or family Brassicaceae.
The Wild Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), is Edward's trophy, brought from a piece of waste ground near Hawkhurst, in Kent. The petals are white or pale lilac, veined distinctly with a deeper shade. The Sea Radish (R. maritimus,[…]), is primrose-coloured, also veined. Fanny brought it from the beautiful cliffs near Lizard Point.
1863, Margaret Plues, “Cruciferæ”, in Rambles in Search of Wild Flowers, and How to Distinguish Them, London: Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener Office, 162, Fleet Street, E.C., →OCLC, page 39:rat-tail radish (Raphanus caudatus); wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum)
Radishes were something new for me. The first time I tried growing for seed, I was surprised by the shape of the pods; they looked like hot peppers. Being the curious type I nibbled on a few pods and found they were delicious when still in the immature stage. I thought I had discovered something novel when, lo and behold, I found out that radishes grown in India just for their pods—a variety called Rat-Tail radish—for many years.
2015 August, Peter Burke, “Seeds”, in Year-round Indoor Salad Gardening: How to Grow Nutrient-dense Soil-sprouted Greens in Less Than 10 Days, White River Junction, Vt.: Chelsea Green Publishing, →ISBN, page 56:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| radishes | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| raddish | alternative, obsolete | lexicographic |
Deriveds
radishless · winter radish · beet radish · red meat radish · Korean radish · oilseed radish · black radish · fodder radish · serpent radish · horseradish · giant white radish · roseheart radish · radishlike · wild radish · Japanese radish · daikon radish · beauty heart radish · European radish · oil radish · Chinese green radish · tillage radish · horse-radish · radish ripper · long white radish · rattail radish · Oriental radish · forage radish · radishy · watermelon radish · oriental radish · radish cake · Ravensthorpe radish · white radish · rat-tail radish · shinrimei radish · icicle radish · Chinese radish · Chinese white radish · Sakurajima radish · common radish · tail-pod radish
Descendants
Relateds
Translations (250)
pl rzodkiew (plant of the Raphanus genus) · ja ラディッシュ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · pam labanus (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cs ředkev (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ca ravenera (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl xaramago (edible root) · bg ря́па (plant of the Raphanus genus) · mrj качы ушман (plant of the Raphanus genus) · te ముల్లంగి (edible root) · nv akétłʼóól łichxííʼí yázhí (edible root) · sco reefort (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl senradela (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · rm ravanel (edible root) · arz فجل (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cs ředkvička (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · hak 菜頭 /菜头 (edible root) · hu retek (edible root) · mk ротквица (edible root) · ota طورپ (edible root) · cs ředkev setá (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sk reďkev (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mnc ᠮᡠᡵᠰᠠ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · tr turp (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · de Rettich (plant of the Raphanus genus) · be рэ́дзька (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · is hreðka (edible root) · txg 𘐣𗪸 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · uk ре́дька (plant of the Raphanus genus) · hu retek (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nan-hbl 菜頭 /菜头 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl xaramago (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ota طورپ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mi rātihi (edible root) · pt rabanete (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sh rȍtkva (edible root) · yue 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (edible root) · ast rábanu (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · uk реди́с (edible root) · fo reðka (edible root) · hi मूली (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cy rhuddyglen (edible root) · pt rabanete (edible root) · ja 大根 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · es rábano (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · et redis (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · uk реди́ска (edible root) · kk шалғам (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · pon daikong (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · eo rafano (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sh ро̏тква (edible root) · ga raidis (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · bo ལ་ཕུག (edible root) · pl rzodkiewka (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · jv lobak (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · be рэ́дзька (edible root) · fr radis (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ru реди́ска (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ajp فِجِل (edible root) · ky шалгам (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cmn 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (edible root) · hy բողկ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fi retiisi (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · izh rediska (edible root) · mi rātihi (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · bg ре́пичка (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nl rammenas (edible root) · ko 무 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · vo räf (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · la raphanum (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sv rättika (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · os булкъ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nn reddik (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mrj качы ушман (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · am ፍጅል (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ang rǣdiċ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ru реди́ска (edible root) · fi retikka (plant of the Raphanus genus) · vi củ cải (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · acw فِجِل (edible root) · grc ῥαφανίς (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mi rētihi (edible root) · az turp (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · bho मूली (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · es rábano (edible root) · hi मूली (edible root) · he צְנוֹן (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mn улаан лууван (edible root) · el ραπάνι (edible root) · cmn 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · uk ре́дька (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · alt ачу чалкан (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · he צְנוֹן (edible root) · cs ředkvička (edible root) · mt ravanell (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fa ترب (edible root) · nb reddik (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ceb labanos (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nan-hbl 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (edible root) · lv redīss (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · af radijs (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gag trup (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · da ræddike (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fa ترب (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · yue 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl ravo (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mr मुळा (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sq rrapë (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ang rǣdiċ (edible root) · ru реди́с (edible root) · cmn 菜頭 /菜头 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mk ’рдоква (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · it ravanello (edible root) · ta முள்ளங்கி (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ca rave (edible root) · is radísa (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · kn ಮೂಲಂಗಿ (edible root) · ml മുള്ളങ്കി (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sit-jap lɤpɯɣ (edible root) · gl samargo (edible root) · udm кушман (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · el ραπάνι (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · kpv кушман (plant of the Raphanus genus) · nah rāhuano (edible root) · mt fiġel (edible root) · fi retiisi (var. sativus) (edible root) · cv кӑшман (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ko 무 (edible root) · ro ridiche (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · pon daikong (edible root) · mk ротква (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · hak 蘿蔔仔 /萝卜仔 (edible root) · mhr ушмен (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fo redikur (edible root) · ka ბოლოკი (edible root) · nn reddik (edible root) · hak 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (edible root) · mr मुळा (edible root) · tt торма (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · tl labanos (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ajp فِجِل (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · hak 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · acw فِجِل (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ms rades (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl ravo (edible root) · th ไชเท้า (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · da radise (edible root) · ky турп (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · slr turma (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · kn ಮೂಲಂಗಿ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · de Radieschen (edible root) · ckb توور (edible root) · krl retiisi (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ms lobak (edible root) · yi רעטעך (edible root) · hak 菜頭 /菜头 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · id lobak (edible root) · os булкъ (edible root) · mhr кочушмен (plant of the Raphanus genus) · ta முள்ளங்கி (edible root) · mt ravanell (edible root) · vo räf (edible root) · pdt Radieskje (edible root) · sh rȍtkvica (edible root) · it ravanello (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mi u(w)hikura (edible root) · sh ро̏тква (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cs ředkev (plant of the Raphanus genus) · wo radi (edible root) · udm курыткушман (plant of the Raphanus genus) · sv rädisa (edible root) · be рады́ска (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl senradela (edible root) · ml മുള്ളങ്കി (edible root) · ru ре́дька (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cmn 菜頭 /菜头 (edible root) · sv rädisa (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sl redkev (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · de Rettich (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · arz فجل (edible root) · grc ῥαφανίς (edible root) · kpv кушман (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gl saramago (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sk reďkovka (edible root) · sl redkvica (edible root) · as মূলা (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nrf radiche (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · hy բողկ (edible root) · cv йӳҫ кӑшман (plant of the Raphanus genus) · kmr tivir (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ru реди́с (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ar فُجْل (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · eu errefautxo (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fa تربچه (edible root) · ka ბოლოკი (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sk reďkovka (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ja 大根 (edible root) · chr ᎦᎳᏗᏍᎩ (edible root) · id lobak (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · kk шомыр (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nv akétłʼóól łichxííʼí yázhí (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · myv кшумань (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · gu મૂળો (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · aii ܦܘܼܓ݂ܠܵܐ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · rm ravanel alv (edible root) · uk реди́с (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ms lobak putih (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · eo rafaneto (edible root) · sh rȍtkva (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nl radijsje (edible root) · gd meacan-ruadh (edible root) · de Radieschen (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · bg ре́пичка (edible root) · syc ܦܘܓ݂ܠܐ (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · uk реди́ска (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fo radisa (edible root) · sh rȍtkvica (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sa मूल (edible root) · sh ро̏тквица (edible root) · ar فُجْل (edible root) · koi кушман (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · la raphanus (edible root) · lt ridikas (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · hak 蘿蔔仔 /萝卜仔 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · mi u(w)hikura (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nb reddik (edible root) · izh rediska (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · bn মূলা (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · qu rawanu (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nl radijs (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · arz فجلة (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sw figili (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · cy rhuddygl (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · sh ро̏тквица (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · arz فجلة (edible root) · te ముల్లంగి (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ms lobak cina (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ast rábanu (edible root) · ckb توور (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · pl rzodkiewka (edible root) · be рады́ска (edible root) · ro ridiche (edible root) · nan-hbl 蘿蔔 /萝卜 (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fi retikka (edible root) · yi רעטעך (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · nan-hbl 菜頭 /菜头 (edible root) · gl samargo (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · ky чамгыр (plant Raphanus sativus var. sativus) · fr radis (edible root) · gl saramago (edible root) · is radísa (edible root)