proven en · ADJ
Pronunciation
- prōʹvən (UK)
- /ˈpɹu.vn̩/ (US)
- (UK) audio
- (US) audio
- prōʹvən (Scotland)
- /ˈpɹəʊ.vn̩/ (UK)
- /ˈpɹoː.vən/ (Scotland)
- pro͞oʹvən (US)
- pro͞oʹvən (UK)
- /ˈpɹuː.vn̩/ (UK)
- (Southern-England) audio
Etymology
From Scottish English, as past participle of preve, a Middle English variant of prove – compare woven (from weave) and cloven (from cleave), both of which feature -eve → -oven. Preve died out in England, but survived in Scotland, where proven developed, initially in a legal context, as in “The jury ruled that the charges were not proven.” See usage notes for historical usage patterns. Earlier, from Late Latin probō (“test, try, examine, approve, show to be good or fit, prove”, verb), from Latin probus (“good, worthy, excellent”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front, prominent”), from *pro-, *per- (“toward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”). Morphologically prove + -n.
Meanings
-
Having been proved; having proved its value or truth.
Mass lexical comparison is not a proven method for demonstrating relationships between languages.
It's a proven fact that morphine is a more effective painkiller than acetaminophen is.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| most proven | Degree=Sup | lexicographic | |
| more proven | Degree=Cmp | lexicographic |
Antonyms
Deriveds
provenly · semiproven · not proven · nonproven · provenness
Translations (20)
pl dowiedziony (having been proved) · it comprovato (having been proved) · tl diyama (having been proved) · fr prouvé (having been proved) · tr kanıtlanmış (having been proved) · bn প্রমাণিত (having been proved) · es demostrado (having been proved) · es comprobado (having been proved) · fi todennettu (having been proved) · fi todistettu (having been proved) · uk доведений (having been proved) · ru дока́занный (having been proved) · it dimostrato (having been proved) · ga dearfa (having been proved) · pt provado (having been proved) · ru испы́танный (having been proved) · it provato (having been proved) · pl udowodniony (having been proved) · es probado (having been proved) · ru подтверждённый (having been proved)