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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

primer en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • (UK) audio
  • /ˈpɹɪm.əɹ/ (US)
  • /ˈpɹaɪməɹ/ US, irregular, but common; borrowed from Etymology 2
  • prĭmʹər (US)
  • audio Midwestern
  • prīʹmər US, irregular, but common; borrowed from Etymology 2
  • (California) audio
  • /ˈpɹaɪ.mə/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • prīʹmə (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

From Middle English primer, primere, from Medieval Latin primarius and primarium (“prayer book”) possibly via Anglo-Norman primer (“prayer book”), from prima (“prime the liturgical hour and office”) + -arius and -arium (suffix forming related objects). Its use for schoolbooks derived from the late medieval and early modern use of such prayer books to teach reading.

Meanings

  1. (historical) A prayer or devotional book intended for laity, initially an abridgment of the breviary and manual including the hours of the Virgin Mary, 15 gradual and 7 penitential psalms, the litany, the placebo and dirige forming the office of the dead, and the commendations.
  2. (historical) Any of various similar works issued in England for private prayer in accordance with the Book of Common Prayer.
  3. A children's book intended to teach literacy: how to read, write, and spell.
    • Four-year-old Elizabeth Finkle-McGraw would receive the Young Lady's Illustrated Primer from her grandfather. Fiona Hackworth would be getting a copy of the Illustrated Primer too, for this had been John Percival Hackworth's crime: He had programmed the matter compiler to place the cockleburs on the outside of Elizabeth's book. 1995, Neal Stephenson, The Diamond Age […] , New York: Bantam Spectra, →ISBN:
  4. An introductory text on any subject, particularly basic concepts.
    • [...] The two assets of the book are clear explanation, and a multitude of extremely helpful diagrams, some in two colours, and cutaway photographs; these clearly unravel a difficult subject for the layman, as well as the student engineman for whom the primer is chiefly designed. 1959 March, “New Reading on Railways: The Railwayman's Diesel Manual. By William F. Bolton. G. H. Lake. 7s. 6d.”, in Trains Illustrated, page 172:
  5. (New-Zealand, obsolete) An elementary school class; an elementary school student.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
primers Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

double great primer · two-line great primer · primer cord · long primer · great primer · primer book · primer school · primer-state

Synonyms

book of hours · prayer book

Translations (152)

be абэцэда́р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ga miontosach (children's book introducing basic literacy) · la abecedārium (introductory textbook) · eo aboco (introductory textbook) · nb ABC (children's book introducing basic literacy) · es silabario (children's book introducing basic literacy) · cmn 識字課本 /识字课本 (children's book introducing basic literacy) · id buku alfabet (children's book introducing basic literacy) · de Abecedarium (introductory textbook) · az əlifba (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ru а́збука (children's book introducing basic literacy) · he אַלְפוֹן (children's book introducing basic literacy) · fi aapinen (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ru абецеда́рий (introductory textbook) · rgn abezedêri (children's book introducing basic literacy) · it testo elementare (introductory textbook) · mk буквар (children's book introducing basic literacy) · it m (introductory textbook) · uk буква́р (introductory textbook) · uk а́збука (children's book introducing basic literacy) · pt abecedário (introductory textbook) · fi alkeet (introductory textbook) · hy այբբենարան (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ms buku abjad (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sh bùkvār (introductory textbook) · uk абе́тка (introductory textbook) · pl elementarz (children's book introducing basic literacy) · da ABC (children's book introducing basic literacy) · hu olvasókönyv (children's book introducing basic literacy) · be буква́р (introductory textbook) · de Abecedarium (children's book introducing basic literacy) · et aabitsaraamat (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sh бу̀ква̄р (introductory textbook) · be буква́р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · vi sách học vấn (children's book introducing basic literacy) · lv ābece (introductory textbook) · fi alkeiskirja (introductory textbook) · fr abécédaire (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ar كِتَاب تَمْهِيدِيّ (introductory textbook) · ja 入門書 (introductory textbook) · mn үсэглэл (children's book introducing basic literacy) · pl abecadło (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ota صوپره (introductory textbook) · pt cartilha (children's book introducing basic literacy) · et aabits (introductory textbook) · sl abecednik (children's book introducing basic literacy) · tt әлифба (children's book introducing basic literacy) · hy այբբենարան (introductory textbook) · hu ábécéskönyv (children's book introducing basic literacy) · kk әліппе (children's book introducing basic literacy) · it m (introductory textbook) · be леманта́р (introductory textbook) · vi sách vỡ lòng (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ota صوپره (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sv abc-bok (children's book introducing basic literacy) · tr abece (children's book introducing basic literacy) · vo lafababuk (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sv läsebok (children's book introducing basic literacy) · mk буквар (introductory textbook) · nl leesplankje (children's book introducing basic literacy) · cmn 識字課本 /识字课本 (introductory textbook) · el αλφαβητάριο (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sms aabbâs (introductory textbook) · tr alfabe (children's book introducing basic literacy) · et aabits (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sq abetare (introductory textbook) · ur قاعِدَہ (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nl abecedarium (introductory textbook) · it sillabario (children's book introducing basic literacy) · de Fibel (children's book introducing basic literacy) · uz alifbe (introductory textbook) · es abecé (introductory textbook) · hi वर्ण-माला की पुस्तक (children's book introducing basic literacy) · pt cartilha (introductory textbook) · cs slabikář (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nl abecedarium (children's book introducing basic literacy) · vi sách học vấn (introductory textbook) · fr abc (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nb abc-bok (children's book introducing basic literacy) · uk абе́тка (children's book introducing basic literacy) · fa-ira کِتابِ اَلِفْبا (children's book introducing basic literacy) · fr abc (introductory textbook) · he סֵפֶר אָלֶפְבֵּית (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nb ABC-bok (children's book introducing basic literacy) · es cartilla (children's book introducing basic literacy) · is stafrófskver (children's book introducing basic literacy) · tg китоби алифбо (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sk šlabikár (introductory textbook) · pl elementarz (introductory textbook) · el αλφαβητάρι (children's book introducing basic literacy) · uz alifbe (children's book introducing basic literacy) · lt abėcėlė (introductory textbook) · uk буква́р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · be леманта́р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · gv bun-lioar (introductory textbook) · ca beceroles (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ka ანბანი (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ru буква́рь (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sh bùkvār (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ru буква́рь (introductory textbook) · ca abecé (children's book introducing basic literacy) · fa-ira اَلِفْبا (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ky алиппе (children's book introducing basic literacy) · uk абецеда́рій (children's book introducing basic literacy) · szl ślabikorz (children's book introducing basic literacy) · es cartilla (introductory textbook) · ga bunleabhar (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ga priméar (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sh бу̀ква̄р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · it abbecedario (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nl abc-boek (children's book introducing basic literacy) · bg а́збучник (introductory textbook) · bg буква́р (introductory textbook) · ug ئېلىپبە (children's book introducing basic literacy) · de ABC-Buch (children's book introducing basic literacy) · fr abécédaire (introductory textbook) · cs slabikář (introductory textbook) · ko 입문서 (introductory textbook) · ro abecedar (children's book introducing basic literacy) · be а́збука (children's book introducing basic literacy) · de Abecedar (introductory textbook) · tk harplyk (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sh pòčetnica (children's book introducing basic literacy) · id bacaan asas (introductory textbook) · udi тӏетӏир (children's book introducing basic literacy) · bg буква́р (children's book introducing basic literacy) · ru а́збука (introductory textbook) · ca abecedari (children's book introducing basic literacy) · uk а́збука (introductory textbook) · sh по̀четница (children's book introducing basic literacy) · az əlifba kitabı (children's book introducing basic literacy) · mn үсэглэл (introductory textbook) · el αλφαβητάριο (introductory textbook) · lt pradžiamokslis (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sl abecednik (introductory textbook) · ro abecedar (introductory textbook) · ga uraiceacht (children's book introducing basic literacy) · es abecé (children's book introducing basic literacy) · nl eerste leesboek (children's book introducing basic literacy) · lv ābece (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sk šlabikár (children's book introducing basic literacy) · sq abetare (children's book introducing basic literacy) · es introducción (introductory textbook) · ga bunleabhar (introductory textbook) · ja 初等読本 (introductory textbook) · be а́збука (introductory textbook) · sv ABC-bok (children's book introducing basic literacy) · cmn 入門書 /入门书 (introductory textbook) · tg алифбо (children's book introducing basic literacy) · hu bevezető tankönyv (introductory textbook) · de ABC-Buch (introductory textbook) · hi प्राइमर (children's book introducing basic literacy)

primer en · NOUN · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • prīmʹə (US)
  • (US) audio
  • (UK) audio
  • prīʹmə (UK)
  • /ˈpɹaɪ.mə(ɹ)/ (UK)
  • /ˈpɹaɪmɚ/ (US)

Etymology

Etymology tree English prime Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Proto-Italic *-āzios Latin -āriusnom. Latin -āriusbor. Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz Proto-West Germanic *-ārī Old English -ere Middle English -ere English -er English primer From prime + -er.

Meanings

  1. (countable, uncountable) Any substance or device, such as priming wire or blasting cap, used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive.
    • Take care when handling primers, especially ensure that your fingers are free of oil or dirt. Oil can affect the detonating properties of the primer pellet, and can be the cause of misfires if too much oil gets into the primer. 2016, Steve Sieberts, Gun Digest Shooter's Guide to Competitive Pistol Shooting, →ISBN, page 224:
    • Therefore, the shotgun primer is quite self- contained. It consists of a separate metal cup called a battery cup that contains the primer itself. That's why it is considered a two-piece primer. 2003, Sam Fadala, The Gun Digest Blackpowder Loading Manual, →ISBN, page 73:
    • The percussion primer, known as the “ 110-grain percussion primer,” contains an igniting charge of 95 grains of black powder in addition to the essential elements of a percussion primer. 1912, United States Army Ordnance Dept, Handbook of the 2.95-inch mountain gun mate/riel and pack outfit, →ISBN, page 17:
  2. (countable, obsolete, uncountable) A person who primes explosives.
  3. (countable, uncountable) A substance used to prime wood, metal, etc. in preparation for painting.
  4. (countable, uncountable) A layer of such a substance.
  5. (countable, uncountable) A layer of makeup that goes beneath the foundation; undermakeup.
    • The undermakeup (primer) should be allowed to dry-set for 30 seconds. Apply foundation over the primer with a sponge using light, careful strokes to blend. Undermakeups come in cream form, sponge-on wands, or sponge-on cream, and as a lotion. 1989, Stan Place, Bobbi Ray Madry, The Art and Science of Professional Makeup, →ISBN, page 95:
  6. (countable, obsolete, uncountable) A person who primes wood, metal, etc.
  7. (countable, uncountable) A molecule which initiates the synthesis of an enzyme, (especially) a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule which initiates DNA replication.
  8. (countable, uncountable) A pheromone which interacts first with the endocrine system.
  9. (countable, uncountable) A device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline, (especially) in airplanes.
  10. (countable, uncountable) A person who prunes trees.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
primers Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

primerless · oligoprimer · transprimer · hexaprimer · homoprimer · megaprimer · competimer

Descendants

primer

Relateds

prime · primary

Translations (96)

fi pohjamaali (layer of priming substance) · el εγχυτήρας (device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline) · af onderlaag (layer of priming substance) · ja プライマー (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · fi panostaja (person who primes explosives) · pt iniciador (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · af basislaag (layer of cosmetic substance) · fi sytyke (substance used to ignite a fire) · bg разпалка (substance used to ignite a fire) · el επίχρισμα (layer of priming substance) · ja 目止 (layer of priming substance) · hu alapréteg (layer of priming substance) · bg грунд (layer of priming substance) · es partidor (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · de Grundierung (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · hu alapozó réteg (layer of priming substance) · de Zündkapsel (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · sv tändhatt (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · sv tändrör (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · da knaldhætte (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · fi sytytin (device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline) · ja 目止め (layer of priming substance) · is hvellhetta (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · de Grundierung (layer of priming substance) · ja 砥粉 (layer of priming substance) · el θρυαλλίδα (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 下塗り (layer of priming substance) · nl primer (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · hu alapozó festék (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · pt primer (layer of cosmetic substance) · fi pohjustusmaali (layer of priming substance) · es ignitor (device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline) · it mestica (layer of priming substance) · cmn 底漆 (layer of priming substance) · ru ка́псюль (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · da fænghætte (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · fi aluke (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · ja 地塗 (layer of priming substance) · cmn 底火 (substance used to ignite a fire) · hu gyújtós (substance used to ignite a fire) · nl primer (layer of cosmetic substance) · fr amorce (substance used to ignite a fire) · bg запалка (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 雷管 (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 下塗 (layer of priming substance) · it innesco (substance used to ignite a fire) · ru грунто́вка (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · it vernice di fondo (layer of priming substance) · mk каписла (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ru запа́л (substance used to ignite a fire) · hu alapozó (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · fi pohjamaali (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · nn fenghette (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · el καψύλλιο (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · fr amorce (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · fi karsija (person who prunes trees) · mr प्रायमर (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · fi nalli (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · es cebador (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · fi alustava feromoni (medicine, zoology: pheromone which interacts first) · ja 砥の粉 (layer of priming substance) · it innesco (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · es iniciador (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · fo smellhetta (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · it innesco (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 起爆剤 (substance used to ignite a fire) · pt espoleta (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 点火剤 (substance used to ignite a fire) · fi sytytin (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · hu gyutacs (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · nb fenghette (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · tr astar (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · ja チョーク (device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline) · fi pohjustaja (person who primes wood, metal etc.) · fo bresthetta (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ru грунто́вка (layer of priming substance) · it iniettore (device used to prime an internal combustion engine with gasoline) · ru запа́л (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · mi peita papatake (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · sh grudva (layer of priming substance) · el αστάρι (layer of priming substance) · hu alágyújtós (substance used to ignite a fire) · fr sous-couche (layer of priming substance) · bg грунд (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · cmn 引子 (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · mi peita papatake (layer of priming substance) · mr प्रायमर (layer of priming substance) · fr amorce (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · cmn 引物 (biology: molecule required for replication of DNA) · hu gyúanyag (substance used to ignite a fire) · nl grondverf (substance used to prime wood, metal, etc.) · da tændsats (small charge used to ignite gunpowder or other explosive) · ja 地塗り (layer of priming substance) · gv bun-vrat (layer of priming substance) · ru грунт (layer of priming substance) · hu alapozás (layer of priming substance)

primer en · ADJ · etymology 3

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman primer (“first”), from Latin prīmārius (“first”).

Meanings

  1. (not-comparable, obsolete) First in time, initial, early.
    • the primer English kings 1612, Michael Drayton, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [John Selden], editor, Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for M[athew] Lownes; I[ohn] Browne; I[ohn] Helme; I[ohn] Busbie, →OCLC:
  2. (not-comparable, obsolete) First in importance, premier.
  3. (not-comparable, obsolete, rare) First in position, foremost.

Deriveds

primer fine · primer seizin