Dictionary

phenomenology en · NOUN

Pronunciation

• /fɪˌnɑməˈnɑləd͡ʒi/ (US)
• /fɪˌnɒmɪˈnɒləd͡ʒi/ (UK)
• fĭ-nä'-mə-nälʹə-jē (US)
• (Southern-England) audio

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- Proto-Indo-European *-né- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂nyéti Proto-Hellenic *pʰáňňō Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō) Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon)bor. Late Latin phaenomenonder. English phenomenon Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *lóǵos Proto-Hellenic *lógos Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos) Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂ Proto-Hellenic *-íā Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā) Ancient Greek -λογῐ́ᾱ (-logĭ́ā)bor. Latin -logialbor. French -logiebor. English -logy English phenomenology From phenomenon + -logy, from Ancient Greek φαινόμενον (phainómenon, “thing appearing to view”), hence "the study of what shows itself (to consciousness)". According to Martin Heidegger's Introduction to Phenomenological Research, "the expression “phenomenology” first appears in the eighteenth century in Christian Wolff’s School, in Lambert’s Neues Organon, in connection with analogous developments popular at the time, like dianoiology and alethiology, and means a theory of illusion, a doctrine for avoiding illusion." (p.3)

Meanings

1. (uncountable, usually) The study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the first-person point of view.
   • A similar and more influential use of the term can be found in William Whewell's Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences (1847), where phenomenology occurs in the context of the "palaetiological sciences" (i.e., sciences which deal wih more ancient conditions of things), as that branch of these studies which is to be followed by aetiology and theory. Among such phenomenologies Whewell mentions particularly phenomenological uranology, phenomenological geography of plants and animals, and even a phenomenological glossology. 1994, Herbert Spiegelberg, Karl Schuhmann, “Introduction”, in The Phenomenological Movement: A Historical Introduction, 3rd rev. and enlarged edition, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, →ISBN, page 8:
   • Writing, individuation, and civilization are all parts of one larger cultural phenomenology. 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 196:
2. (uncountable, usually) A movement based on this, originated about 1905 by Edmund Husserl.
   • The process of questioning back displaces the emphasis in phenomenology from an inquiry into modes of givenness, which assumes that there can be a simple starting point, to an inquiry into modes of pregivenness. 1995, Anthony J. Steinbock, Home and Beyond: Generative Phenomenology After Husserl, page 83:
3. (of medical sciences, uncountable, usually) An approach to clinical practice which places undue reliance upon subjective criteria such as signs and symptoms, while ignoring objective etiologies in the formulation of diagnoses and in the compilation of a formal nosologies.
4. (uncountable, usually) The translation of theory into measurable or observable predictions that can be used to experimentally test it.
   • Well, it is in some sense the basic job description of a physicist to try to conceive of methods that make accessible natural phenomena that where hitherto out of reach, and to do so by devicing^([sic]) experiments. It is here that phenomenology comes into play by trying to work out models that can actually be tested by available data. 2018, Tim Lappe, “Superfluid Helium: The Volovik Lessons”, in Walter Geiner, Ernst Bamberg, Marc Thilo Figge, Thomas Haberer, Volker Lindenstruth, Joachim Reinhardt, Klaus Schulten, Wolf Singer, Horst Stöcker, editors, Experimental Search for Quantum Gravity (FIAS Interdisciplinary Science), Springer International Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 15:
   • The group's many projects include the modelling of observations (phenomenology) [a. 2020, “Research interests”, in Université de Montréal, retrieved 21 Jan 2021:
   • He hopes [students] will "do the necessary phenomenology experiments and produce the necessary theory extensions" that will "turn over the present physics." c. 2000, “Zero Energy - Thomas Bearden”, in Alternative Energy, archived from the original on 28 Jan 2021:
   • Particle phenomenology research includes perturbative QCD [quantum chromodynamics], physics beyond the Standard Model as well as heavy flavor physics. a. 2017, “Zhejiang University, China, Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics”, in AcademicJobsOnline.org, retrieved 21 Jan 2021:

Forms

Deriveds

postphenomenological · phenomenological · nonphenomenological · dual phenomenology · phenomenologically · phenomenological reduction · neurophenomenology · postphenomenology · heterophenomenology · phenomenologist · psychophenomenology · phytophenomenology

Relateds

noumenology

Translations (28)

ko 현상학 (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · es fenomenología (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · it fenomenologia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · ca fenomenologia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · id fenomenologi (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · ru феноменоло́гия (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · sv fenomenologi (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · pt fenomenologia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · fr phénoménologie (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · hi दृश्यप्रपंचशास्त्र (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · hi परिघटनाविज्ञान (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · yue 現象學 /现象学 (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · hi घटनाविज्ञान (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · vi hiện tượng học (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · pl fenomenologia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · km បាតុភូតវិទ្យា (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · hu fenomenológia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · nl fenomenologie (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · nb fenomenologi (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · de Phänomenologie (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · cs fenomenologie (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · cmn 現象學 /现象学 (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · ja 現象学 (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · el φαινομενολογία (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · eo fenomenologio (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · nn fenomenologi (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · fi fenomenologia (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena) · hi संवृतिशास्त्र (philosophy based on intuitive experience of phenomena)

wikipedia: Martin Heidegger