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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

millennium en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/
  • (UK) audio

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- Proto-Indo-European *-lom Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslom ▲ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslih₂ Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī Latin mīlle Proto-Indo-European *h₂et- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *h₂etnós Proto-Italic *atnos? Latin annus Latin annīs Latin mīllennis Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -iusnom. Latin -ium Late Latin mīllenniumbor. English millennium From Late Latin mīllennium, from Latin mīllennis (“1000-year”) + -ium (forming abstract nouns).

Meanings

  1. (countable) A period of time consisting of one thousand years.
    • But these seekers, too, are saved - by virtue of the inherited symbolic aids of society, the rites of passage, the grace-yielding sacraments, given to mankind of old by the redeemers and handed down through millenniums. 1968, Joseph Campbell, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, 2nd edition, London: Fontana Press, published 1993, page 23:
    • Magnolias are some of the most primitive of our flowering trees, and fossils dating back millennia prove that they have had little need to evolve. 2013 March 24, Dan Pearson, “Magnolia magic: how to grow our favourite flowering tree”, in The Guardian:
    • How this happens no one really knows, despite the efforts of philosophers and psychologists over two and a half millennia to study the phenomenon. 1972, Mortimer J. Adler, Charles Van Doren, How to Read a Book, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 25:
    • After millenniums of austerity and poverty, the age of limitless “superabundance” was at hand. 2025 March 18, Samuel Moyn, “Can Democrats Learn to Dream Big Again?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 27 Mar 2025:
    • The first known man-made tools, including spear points and axes, were associated with a hunting and gathering pattern that lasted, according to anthropologists, almost 200 millennia. 2013, Al Gore, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 37:
  2. (with-definite-article) The year in which one period of one thousand years ends and another begins, especially the year 2000.
    • A huge fireworks display was put on in Sydney to celebrate the millennium.
  3. (archaic) Any long (and possibly endless) era of universal happiness, peace, and prosperity, predicted by various people to come about someday.
    • When rumour got afoot that in future mechanical power would be unlimited, the people expected a millennium. 1930, Olaf Stapledon, Last and First Men: A Story of the Near and Far Future, London: Methuen & Co., →OCLC:
    • Near-synonym: utopia
    • For Marx, it is true, the collapse of capitalism and the communist millennium were 'necessary' in a different sense from that in which capitalism had, as he believed, evolved from feudalism. No one, at the time, had set himself the aim of 'establishing' capitalism'. 1978 [1976], Leszek Kołakowski, translated by P[aul] S[teven] Falla, Main Currents of Marxism, volume I: The Founders, Oxford: Clarendon Press, translation of Główne nurty marksizmu: powstanie (in Polish), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 372:
    • expecting a millennium

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
millenium alternative, archaic lexicographic
millennia Number=Plur lexicographic
millenniums Number=Plur lexicographic

Coordinates

end of history · eschaton

Deriveds

millennial · millennium egg · millennium bug · millennialism · millenniarism · yester-millennium · millionennium · megamillennium · millennially · postmillennium · light millennium · decamillennium · centimillennium

Synonyms

kyr · yearthousand · kiloannum · kiloyear · utopia · chiliad · mul:ka

Translations (114)

id alaf (thousand-year period) · aii ܐܲܠܦܝܘܼܬܵܐ (thousand-year period) · ga mílaoise (thousand-year period) · fo túsundár (thousand-year period) · kmr hezare (thousand-year period) · pt milênio (thousand-year period) · ms milenium (thousand-year period) · de Jahrtausend (thousand-year period) · sh тѝсућљеће (thousand-year period) · az minillik (thousand-year period) · tl libuntaon (year when a period of 1000 years ends and another begins) · la mīllennium (thousand-year period) · sl tisočletje (thousand-year period) · ko 천년 (thousand-year period) · nb tusenår (thousand-year period) · ca mil·lenni (thousand-year period) · fo túsundáraskeið (thousand-year period) · ms alaf (thousand-year period) · da årtusinde (thousand-year period) · ast mileniu (thousand-year period) · pl tysiąclecie (thousand-year period) · ja 千年 (thousand-year period) · uk тисячолі́ття (thousand-year period) · fr millénium (period of universal happiness) · fa-ira هَزارِه (thousand-year period) · fi vuosituhat (thousand-year period) · km សហស្សវត្សរ៍ (thousand-year period) · sh тисућлеће (thousand-year period) · lb Joerdausend (thousand-year period) · kmr hezarsal (thousand-year period) · ja 至福千年 (period of universal happiness) · cy mileniwm (thousand-year period) · lv gadu tūkstotis (thousand-year period) · hi सहस्राब्दी (thousand-year period) · nb millennium (thousand-year period) · es milenio (thousand-year period) · pl milenium (thousand-year period) · lv tūkstošgade (thousand-year period) · gl milenio (thousand-year period) · lo ສະຫະສະວັດ (thousand-year period) · tl libuntaon (thousand-year period) · ml സഹസ്രാബ്ദം (thousand-year period) · sv årtusende (thousand-year period) · sv millennium (thousand-year period) · fy milennium (thousand-year period) · ar أَلْفِيَّة (thousand-year period) · af millennium (thousand-year period) · nl millennium (thousand-year period) · aii ܡܠܹܢܝܘܿܡ (thousand-year period) · ko 밀레니엄 (thousand-year period) · it millennio (thousand-year period) · lad milenio (thousand-year period) · sh tìsućljeće (thousand-year period) · yue 千年 (thousand-year period) · fr millénaire (thousand-year period) · vo milyel (thousand-year period) · lt tūkstantmetis (thousand-year period) · cmn 千年 (thousand-year period) · io yarmilo (thousand-year period) · cs milénium (year when a period of 1000 years ends and another begins) · te సహస్రాబ్ది (thousand-year period) · fi (uuden) vuosituhannen ensimmäinen vuosi (year when a period of 1000 years ends and another begins) · fur mileni (thousand-year period) · bg хилядоле́тие (thousand-year period) · pt milénio (thousand-year period) · fa-ira هِزارِه (thousand-year period) · de Millennium (thousand-year period) · vi thiên niên kỷ (thousand-year period) · ky миңжылдык (thousand-year period) · is árþúsund (thousand-year period) · te వెయ్యేళ్ళు (thousand-year period) · cs tisíciletí (thousand-year period) · sh tisućleće (thousand-year period) · fo ártúsund (thousand-year period) · nn millennium (thousand-year period) · ckb ھەزارە (thousand-year period) · tr binyıl (thousand-year period) · id milenium (thousand-year period) · et millennium (thousand-year period) · fi tuhatvuotinen valtakunta (period of universal happiness) · ko 천년기 (thousand-year period) · ja 千年間 (thousand-year period) · ja ミレニアム (thousand-year period) · my ထောင်စုနှစ် (thousand-year period) · da millennium (thousand-year period) · is þúsöld (thousand-year period) · ro mileniu (thousand-year period) · cmn 千紀 /千纪 (thousand-year period) · el χιλιετία (thousand-year period) · oc millenari (thousand-year period) · br milved (thousand-year period) · sw milenia (thousand-year period) · ja 千年紀 (thousand-year period) · ru тысячеле́тие (thousand-year period) · eo jarmilo (thousand-year period) · ka ათასწლეული (thousand-year period) · sk tisícročie (thousand-year period) · chr ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᏧᏕᏘᏗ (thousand-year period) · sk milénium (thousand-year period) · he מִילֶניוּם (thousand-year period) · ja 千年期 (thousand-year period) · fa-ira هزارهی سوم (year when a period of 1000 years ends and another begins) · hy հազարամյակ (thousand-year period) · th สหัสวรรษ (thousand-year period) · fa-ira دوران طلایی (period of universal happiness) · nn tusenår (thousand-year period) · hu évezred (thousand-year period) · ja 千年王国 (period of universal happiness) · tr milenyum (thousand-year period) · et aastatuhat (thousand-year period) · be тысячаго́ддзе (thousand-year period) · pms mileni (thousand-year period) · yue 千紀 /千纪 (thousand-year period) · nb årtusen (thousand-year period)

millennium en · PROPN

Pronunciation

  • /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/
  • (UK) audio

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰes- Proto-Indo-European *-lom Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslom ▲ Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂ Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéslih₂ Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī Latin mīlle Proto-Indo-European *h₂et- Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *h₂etnós Proto-Italic *atnos? Latin annus Latin annīs Latin mīllennis Proto-Indo-European *-(i)yós Proto-Italic *-ijos Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -iusnom. Latin -ium Late Latin mīllenniumbor. English millennium From Late Latin mīllennium, from Latin mīllennis (“1000-year”) + -ium (forming abstract nouns).

Meanings

  1. The period of one thousand years during which Christ will reign on earth (according to Millenarianist interpretations).
    • An archangel ecstatically proclaiming the Millennium, and then finding that it clashed unpardonably with Henley and would have to be indefinitely postponed, could hardly have felt more crestfallen than Cornelius Appin at the reception of his wonderful achievement. 1911, Saki, “Tobermory”, in The Chronicles of Clovis:
    • usher in the millennium
    • Conrad's later years unfolded in the shadow of the coming Millennium, when the end of the world was forecast. 2011, Norman Davies, Vanished Kingdoms, Penguin, published 2012, page 117:
    • After the purifying judgments which attended the personal return of Christ to the Earth, He will reign over restored Israel and over the earth for one thousand years. This is the period commonly called the Millennium. The seat of His power will be Jerusalem, and the saints, including the saved of the Dispensation of Grace, viz., the Church, will be associated with Him in His glory. 1888, C. I. Scofield, “The Seven Dispensations”, in Rightly Dividing the Word of Truth (2 Tim. 2:15): Ten Outline Studies of The More Important Divisions of Scripture, Second edition (Religion), Philadelphia, Penn.: Philadelphia School of the Bible, published 1923, →OCLC, page 25:
    • the end of the world would be heralded by a series of spectacular and symbolic events […]. According to most commentators, this millennium had already begun. 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 137:
    • The Nazis' concept for the so-called Thousand-Year Reich of their infallible Leader has been described as but a pale pseudoreligious false-prophet imitation of the Christian concept of the millennium of Christ regnant.
  2. (archaic) A particular long (and possibly endless) era of universal happiness, peace, and prosperity, predicted by various people to come about someday.
    • But the aggressive members of society are always tending to become bullies, robbers, and swindlers; and no one believes that such a state of things as we now live in is the millennium. 1902, William James, “Lectures XIV and XV: The Value of Saintliness”, in The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature […] , New York, N.Y.; London: Longmans, Green, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 375:
    • usher in the millennium
    • Near-synonym: utopia

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
the millennium canonical lexicographic
millenium alternative, archaic lexicographic

Coordinates

eschaton · end of history

Relateds

Millennium · Millennium

Synonyms

utopia

Translations (10)

fr millénium (Christianity: the 1000 year reign of Christ) · fr millénium (period of universal happiness) · sv tusenårsrike (period of universal happiness) · ja 至福千年 (period of universal happiness) · nb millennium (Christianity: the 1000 year reign of Christ) · fi tuhatvuotinen valtakunta (Christianity: the 1000 year reign of Christ) · fi tuhatvuotinen valtakunta (period of universal happiness) · el χιλιετηρίδα (Christianity: the 1000 year reign of Christ) · fa-ira دوران طلایی (period of universal happiness) · ja 千年王国 (period of universal happiness)