loanword en · NOUN
Pronunciation
Etymology
A calque of German Lehnwort, equivalent to loan + word. Compare West Frisian lienwurd, Dutch leenwoord, Danish låneord, Swedish lånord, Icelandic lánsorð.
Meanings
-
A word directly taken into one language from another one.
This searching was facilitated by the author's knowledge of the vagaries of Anglo-Indian spelling and the numerous colonial-era transliteration systems used for loanwords from Indian languages.
2018, James Lambert, “Anglo-Indian slang in dictionaries on historical principles”, in World Englishes, volume 37, page 251:Indeed, in 1957 Xenophon Zolotas, the then governor of the Bank of Greece, gave two speeches to the IMF that contained just Greek loanwords apart from the inevitable basic English. (Example: “Our policies should be based more on economic and less on political criteria.”)
2021 April 25, John Malathronas, “Which languages are easiest – and most difficult – for native English speakers to learn?”, in CNN, archived from the original on 22 Mar 2022:"Calque" is a loanword with French origins, and "loanword" is a calque with German origins.
New words, and particularly loanwords, are simplified, and hence naturalized in American much more quickly than in English. Employé has long since become employee in our newspapers, and asphalte has lost its final e, and manœuvre has become maneuver, and pyjamas has become pajamas.
[1921 [1919], H. L. Mencken, chapter 32, in The American Language, 2nd edition, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, →OCLC:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| loanwords | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| loan word | alternative | lexicographic |
Coordinates
Deriveds
learned loanword · semi-learned loanword
Hyponyms
Relateds
loanblend · loan translation · calque · semi-calque · partial calque · semantic loan · loanshift · foreignism
Synonyms
borrowing · gainword · foreign word
Translations (116)
sh pozajmljenica (word taken from another language) · kl oqaasersiaq (word taken from another language) · fa-ira دَخیل (word taken from another language) · lt skolinys (word taken from another language) · ko 외래어 (word taken from another language) · pt estrangeirismo (word taken from another language) · hu jövevényszó (word taken from another language) · id kata serapan (word taken from another language) · hu kölcsönzés (word taken from another language) · cy benthycair (word taken from another language) · nb lånord (word taken from another language) · ar دَخِيل (word taken from another language) · ko 차용어 (word taken from another language) · ro împrumut (word taken from another language) · et laensõna (word taken from another language) · el δάνειο (word taken from another language) · tt алынма (word taken from another language) · ky өздөштүрүү (word taken from another language) · fa-ira وامواژِه (word taken from another language) · nl leenwoord (word taken from another language) · kk кірме сөз (word taken from another language) · mn зээлдсэн үг (word taken from another language) · mi kupu whakawhiti (word taken from another language) · vi từ mượn (word taken from another language) · fi lainasana (word taken from another language) · ru заи́мствованное сло́во (word taken from another language) · fr emprunt (word taken from another language) · vi từ ngoại lai (word taken from another language) · da fremmedord (word taken from another language) · lv aizguvums (word taken from another language) · km ពាក្យកម្ចី (word taken from another language) · bg чужди́ца (word taken from another language) · tr alıntı kelime (word taken from another language) · cs přejaté slovo (word taken from another language) · is tökuorð (word taken from another language) · ca manlleu (word taken from another language) · uz oʻzlashtirma (word taken from another language) · uk запози́чення (word taken from another language) · cmn 借用語 /借用语 (word taken from another language) · hsb požčonka (word taken from another language) · he מִלָּה שְׁאוּלָה (word taken from another language) · bg зае́мка (word taken from another language) · gl estranxeirismo (word taken from another language) · da låneord (word taken from another language) · ka ნასესხობა (word taken from another language) · nn importord (word taken from another language) · yue 外來語 /外来语 (word taken from another language) · bn ঋণশব্দ (word taken from another language) · af leenwoord (word taken from another language) · it prestito linguistico (word taken from another language) · sv lånord (word taken from another language) · crh alınma söz (word taken from another language) · sv främmande ord (word taken from another language) · hy փոխառություն (word taken from another language) · cmn 借詞 /借词 (word taken from another language) · de Fremdwort (word taken from another language) · de Lehnwort (word taken from another language) · bg чу́жда ду́ма (word taken from another language) · tr alıntı sözcük (word taken from another language) · tg иқтибос (word taken from another language) · uz qarz soʻzi (word taken from another language) · be запазы́чанне (word taken from another language) · ur دَخِیلِ لَفْظ (word taken from another language) · sk prevzaté slovo (word taken from another language) · hu átvétel (word taken from another language) · be запазы́чанае сло́ва (word taken from another language) · az alınma (word taken from another language) · tl salitang hiram (word taken from another language) · pt empréstimo (word taken from another language) · cy benthyciad (word taken from another language) · ru заи́мствование (word taken from another language) · mk заемка (word taken from another language) · hi आगत शब्द (word taken from another language) · ro cuvânt împrumutat (word taken from another language) · ceb pulong hinulaman (word taken from another language) · nn låneord (word taken from another language) · sh позајмљеница (word taken from another language) · nb fremmedord (word taken from another language) · sl izposojenka (word taken from another language) · th คำยืม (word taken from another language) · yo ọ̀rọ̀-àyálò (word taken from another language) · nb importord (word taken from another language) · es préstamo lingüístico (word taken from another language) · yi לײנװאָרט (word taken from another language) · yue 借詞 /借词 (word taken from another language) · ka ნასესხები სიტყვა (word taken from another language) · mi kupu mino (word taken from another language) · sl prevzeta beseda (word taken from another language) · ja 借用語 (word taken from another language) · cmn 外來語 /外来语 (word taken from another language) · ja 外来語 (word taken from another language) · ms kata pinjaman (word taken from another language) · sq fjalë e huajtur (word taken from another language) · az alınma söz (word taken from another language) · ar لَفْظ دَخِيل (word taken from another language) · pl zapożyczenie (word taken from another language) · fa-ira واژِهٔ دَخیل (word taken from another language) · is lánsorð (word taken from another language) · it forestierismo (word taken from another language) · vi từ vay mượn (word taken from another language) · nn lånord (word taken from another language) · myv ушовал (word taken from another language) · myv саевкс (word taken from another language) · mi kupu pōriro (word taken from another language) · ka სესხება (word taken from another language) · mn харь үг (word taken from another language) · vi từ du nhập (word taken from another language) · ga focal iasachta (word taken from another language) · sv låneord (word taken from another language) · nn framandord (word taken from another language) · fa-ira واژِهٔ عارِیَتی (word taken from another language) · sh posuđènica (word taken from another language) · ga iasacht (word taken from another language) · sh посуђѐница (word taken from another language) · myv саезь вал (word taken from another language) · be запазы́чаньне (word taken from another language)