Dictionary

homology en · NOUN

Pronunciation

(US) audio

Etymology

From Latin homologia, from Ancient Greek ὁμολογία (homología, “agreement, assent”); compare French homologie. By surface analysis, homo- + -logy. In topology, first used by French polymath Henri Poincaré, in the sense (close to what is now called a bordism) of a relation between manifolds mapped into a reference manifold: that is, the property of such manifolds that they form the boundary of a higher-dimensional manifold inside the reference manifold. Poincaré's version was eventually replaced by the more general singular homology, which is what mathematicians now mean by homology.

Meanings

(countable, qualifier:projective geometry, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ specifically, such relationship in the context of the geometry of perspective.
- 1863, George Salmon, A Treatise on Conic Sections, Longman, Brown, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 4th Edition, page 61, Two triangles are said to be homologous, when the intersections of the corresponding sides lie on the same right line called the axis of homology: prove that the lines joining the corresponding vertices meet in a point [called the centre of homology].
- 1885, Charles Leudesdorf (translator), Luigi Cremona, Elements of Projective Geometry, Oxford University Press (Clarendon Press), page 11, Two corresponding straight lines therefore always intersect on a fixed straight line, which we may call s; thus the given figures are in homology, O being the centre, and s the axis, of homology.
(countable, qualifier:projective geometry, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ An automorphism of the projective plane (representing a perspective projection) that leaves all the points of some straight line (the homology axis) fixed and maps all the lines through some single point (the homology centre) onto themselves.
- If the homology centre lies on the homology axis, the homology is said to be singular or parabolic; otherwise, it is called non-singular or hyperbolic.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ A general way of associating a sequence of algebraic objects, such as abelian groups or modules, to a sequence of topological spaces; also used attributively: see Usage notes below.
- One encounters a similar situation in homology theory. Beside singular homology, which is a homotopy invariant, and Čech homology, which is a shape invariant, there exists strong homology, which is a strong shape invariant. In the special case of metric compacta, this homology was introduced by N.E. Steenrod in 1940 and is often referred to as the Steenrod homology. 2000, Sibe Mardešić, Strong Shape and Homology, Springer, page v:
- Brieskorn homology spheres are a special case of Siefert fibered homology spheres. 2002, Nikolai Saveliev, Invariants of Homology 3-Spheres, Springer, page 2:
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ Given a chain complex {Gₙ} and its associated set of homomorphisms {Hₙ}, the rule which explains how each Hₙ maps Gₙ into the kernel of Gₙ₊₁.
- Because of their connection with both homology and cohomology, chain complexes are an important topic of study in homological algebra.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The relationship, between elements, of being in the same group of the periodic table.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The relationship, between organic compounds, of being in the same homologous series.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The relationship, between characteristics or behaviours, of having a shared evolutionary or developmental origin;
- 2000, Julie A. Hawkins, Chapter 2: A survey of primary homology assessment, Robert Scotland, R. Toby Pennington (editors), Homology and Systematics, Taylor & Francis, The Systematics Association, page 22, The objective of this study is to classify approaches to primary homology assessment, and to quantify the extent to which different approaches are found in the literature by examining variation in the ways characters are defined and coded in a data matrix.
(countable, qualifier:evolutionary theory, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The relationship, between characteristics or behaviours, of having a shared evolutionary or developmental origin; (evolutionary theory) specifically, a correspondence between structures in separate life forms having a common evolutionary origin, such as that between mammalian flippers and hands. ▸ specifically, a correspondence between structures in separate life forms having a common evolutionary origin, such as that between mammalian flippers and hands.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The presence of the same series of bases in different but related genes.
(countable, uncountable) The relationship of being homologous; a homologous relationship. ▸ The relationship, between temporally separated human beliefs, practices or artefacts, of possessing shared characteristics attributed to genetic or historical links to a common ancestor.

Forms

Spelling	Features	Labels	Source
homologies	Number=Plur		lexicographic

Translations (53)

de Homologie (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection) · ro omologie (biology, psychology: relationship of having a common evolutionary or developmental origin) · de Homologie (homologous relationship) · fr homologie (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · fi homologia (biology, psychology: relationship of having a common evolutionary or developmental origin) · fi homologia (homologous relationship) · ga homalógacht (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · de Homologie (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · fr homologie (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · ga homalógacht (homologous relationship) · fi homologia (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection) · pt homologia (homologous relationship) · fr homologie (homologous relationship) · ca homologia (homologous relationship) · ga homalógacht (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · cmn 同调论 (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · cmn 同调 (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · fi homologia (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · de Homologie (biology, psychology: relationship of having a common evolutionary or developmental origin) · ga homalógacht (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · pt homologia (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · es homología (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · pt homologia (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · de Homologie (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · it omologia (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · es homología (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · fr homologie (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · ga homalógacht (biology, psychology: relationship of having a common evolutionary or developmental origin) · pt homologia (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · ro omologie (homologous relationship) · fi homologia (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · fi homologia (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · ga homalógacht (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · pt homologia (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · fi homologia (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · fi samankaltaisuus (homologous relationship) · cmn 同调 (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · ro omologie (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection) · it omologia (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · it omologia (homologous relationship) · cmn 同调群 (algebra: rule by which each member of a chain complex maps into the kernel of the next) · de Homologie (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · es homología (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · fi samankaltaisuus (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection) · ga homalógacht (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · pt homologia (genetics: presence of the same series of bases in related genes) · de Homologie (chemistry: relationship of being in the same group of the periodic table) · fi homologia (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · de Homologie (algebraic topology: way of associating a sequence of groups to a sequence of topological spaces) · it omologia (organic chemistry: relationship of being in the same homologous series) · ga homalógacht (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection) · de Homologie (anthropology: relationship of possessing shared characteristics attributed to a common ancestor) · pt homologia (geometry: automorphism representing a perspective projection)

wikipedia: Henri Poincaré · wikipedia: singular homology · wikidata: Q224180 · wikidata: Q224180 · wikipedia: MathWorld

homology en · NOUN

Pronunciation

Etymology

Meanings

Forms

Antonyms

Coordinates

Deriveds

Relateds

Translations (53)