cortisol en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈkoɹ.tɪˌsɑl/ (General-American, cot-caught-merger, dialectal) of Canada
- [ˈkoɹ.ɾɪˌsɑl] (General-American, cot-caught-merger, dialectal) of Canada
- /ˈkɔː.tɪ.sɒl/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- [ˈkoɹ.ɾɪˌsɔl] (General-American) without the cot–caught merger
- /ˈkoɹ.tɪˌsɔl/ (General-American) without the cot–caught merger
- audio North Carolina
- [ˈkoɹ.ɾɪˌsɒl] (Canada, dialectal) of the US
- (Southern-England) audio Berkshire
- /ˈkoɹ.tɪˌsɒl/ (Canada, dialectal) of the US
- [ˈkoː.tə.sɔ̟l] (New-Zealand)
- /ˈkoː.tə.sɒl/ (New-Zealand)
- /ˈkoː.tɪ.sɔl/ (Australia)
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert- Proto-Indo-European *(s)kort-ek-sder. Latin cortexder. English cortico- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- Proto-Hellenic *kʰolā́ Ancient Greek χολή (kholḗ) Proto-Indo-European *ster-der. Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós) French cholestérine French cholestérolbor. English cholesterol English sterol German Ketonbor. English ketone English -one English -sterone English corticosterone English cortisone English -ol English cortisol From cortisone + -ol.
Meanings
-
(countable, qualifier:steroids, uncountable) A glucocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that mediates various metabolic processes (such as gluconeogenesis), has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, and whose levels in the blood may become elevated in response to physical or psychological stress.
“While chronic stress can lead to increased levels of cortisol in the body, those levels don’t usually rise high enough to create a moon face,” said dermatologist Dr. Rajani Katta, a clinical assistant professor at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
2024 October 17, Sandee LaMotte, “Stress and ‘moon face’: What experts say about this TikTok trend”, in CNN:There is experimental evidence showing that cortisol restrains the intensity and duration of the emergency reaction to stress, and catecholamines have been shown to enhance emotional memory in the amygdala (see subsection on "Noradrenaline"). Thus, individuals lacking cortisol would overstore traumatic memories .
2006, Marcus Lira Brandão, Frederico Guilherme Graeff, Neurobiology of Mental Disorders, page 36:
- (Internet, countable, uncountable) Stress.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| cortisols | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
cortisolemia · hypocortisolism · anticortisol · epicortisol · deoxycortisol · tixocortol
Synonyms
Translations (14)
hu kortizol (steroid hormone) · it cortisolo (steroid hormone) · cmn 皮質醇 /皮质醇 (steroid hormone) · cs kortizol (steroid hormone) · fi kortisoli (steroid hormone) · pt cortisol (steroid hormone) · ca cortisol (steroid hormone) · ru кортизол (steroid hormone) · sk kortizol (steroid hormone) · fr cortisol (steroid hormone) · pl kortyzol (steroid hormone) · es cortisol (steroid hormone) · sv kortisol (steroid hormone) · de Cortisol (steroid hormone)