comma en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- (Texas) audio
- kə-mä' (dialectal)
- /ˈkɔmɑ/ (South-Asia)
- [ˈkɑ.mə ~ ˈkɑ.mʌ] (Atlantic-Canada, US) weak vowel merger
- (California) audio
- /ˈkɔmə/ (Australia, British, Southern, Standard)
- /ˈkɒmə/ (Canada, Received-Pronunciation)
- kŏm'ə
- /kəˈmɑ/ (dialectal)
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)kep-? Proto-Hellenic *kopt͏̌ō Ancient Greek κόπτω (kóptō) Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ Proto-Hellenic *-mə Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă) Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma) Latin commabor. English comma From Latin comma, from Ancient Greek κόμμα (kómma), from κόπτω (kóptō, “to cut”).
Meanings
-
The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set of parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.
No points were used by the ancient printers, excepting the colon and the period; but, after some time, a short oblique stroke, called a virgil, was introduced, which answered to the modern comma. In the fifteenth century this punctuation was improved by the famous Aldus Manutius with the typographical art in general; when he gave a better shape to the comma, added the semicolon, and assigned to the former points more proper places.
1828, Richard Thomson, Illustrations of the History of Great Britain, Vol. II, pp. 145–6
- (Romanian) A similar-looking subscript diacritical mark.
-
Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Polygonia, having a comma-shaped white mark on the underwings, especially Polygonia c-album and Polygonia c-aureum of North Africa, Europe, and Asia.
Commas (Polygonia comma) and Question Marks (Polygonia interrogationis) occur from the Gulf Coast to Canada and west to the Rockies. [...] Question Marks and Commas are handsome butterflies with burnt orange and black markings. [...] On the underside of each hind wing of the Comma is a small, distinctive silver hook that resembles a comma.
2004, Scott Shalaway, “Close-ups”, in Butterflies in the Backyard, Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, →ISBN, page 18:Other members of this genus that are frequently encountered in the park are the eastern comma (P. comma) and question mark (P. interrogationis).
2013, Ann Simpson, Rob Simpson, “Butterflies and Moths”, in Nature Guide to Shenandoah National Park (Falcon Pocket Guide), Guilford, Conn.; Helena, Mont.: Falcon Guides, Globe Pequot Press, →ISBN, page 91:
- A difference in the calculation of nearly identical intervals by different ways.
- A delimiting marker between items in a genetic sequence.
- (rhetoric) In Ancient Greek rhetoric, a short clause, something less than a colon, originally denoted by comma marks. In antiquity it was defined as a combination of words having no more than eight syllables in all. It was later applied to longer phrases, e.g. the Johannine comma.
- (figuratively) A brief interval.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| come | alternative, obsolete | lexicographic | |
| commas | Number=Plur | lexicographic | |
| commaes | Number=Plur | obsolete | lexicographic |
| commata | Number=Plur | rare | lexicographic |
Deriveds
comma bacillus (punctuation mark) · Didymean comma (punctuation mark) · enumeration comma (punctuation mark) · Shatner comma (punctuation mark) · comma lichen (punctuation mark) · myocomma (punctuation mark) · fat comma (punctuation mark) · scratch-comma (punctuation mark) · commalike (punctuation mark) · Ptolemaic comma (punctuation mark) · ideographic comma (punctuation mark) · decimal comma (punctuation mark) · Harvard comma (punctuation mark) · comma category (punctuation mark) · comma butterfly (punctuation mark) · comma-point (punctuation mark) · series comma (punctuation mark) · comma queen (punctuation mark) · dun comma (punctuation mark) · high comma (punctuation mark) · comma splice (punctuation mark) · commify (punctuation mark) · commaless (punctuation mark)
Synonyms
comma-point · come · virgula · virgule · scratch comma
Translations (153)
ba өтөр (punctuation mark ',') · ja コンマ (punctuation mark ',') · fa کاما (punctuation mark ',') · ta காற்புள்ளி (punctuation mark ',') · sah тарып (punctuation mark ',') · mi piko (punctuation mark ',') · fa مُمَیِّز (punctuation mark ',') · sh за̏пета (punctuation mark ',') · zu uqhwishi class 1a/2a (punctuation mark ',') · ca papallona de la c blanca (butterfly) · fi pilkku (punctuation mark ',') · ps وېرګول (punctuation mark ',') · de Beistrich (punctuation mark ',') · nb hvit (butterfly) · uk ко́ма (punctuation mark ',') · de Komma (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · lb Komma (punctuation mark ',') · ar ، (punctuation mark ',') · la sīcīlicus (punctuation mark ',') · sq presje (punctuation mark ',') · th จุลภาค (punctuation mark ',') · cy coma (punctuation mark ',') · hi अल्पविराम (punctuation mark ',') · nl gehakkelde aurelia (butterfly) · cy atalnod (punctuation mark ',') · id koma (punctuation mark ',') · bn কমা (punctuation mark ',') · eo komo (punctuation mark ',') · sl vejica (punctuation mark ',') · pt vírgula (punctuation mark ',') · ja コンマ (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · io komo (punctuation mark ',') · ur کاما (punctuation mark ',') · ur سَکْتَہ (punctuation mark ',') · my ကော်မာ (punctuation mark ',') · rsk запята (punctuation mark ',') · fo komma (punctuation mark ',') · cmn 逗點 /逗点 (punctuation mark ',') · tr yırtık pırtık (butterfly) · ia virgula (punctuation mark ',') · sc vírgula (punctuation mark ',') · pl przecinek (punctuation mark ',') · ur ، (punctuation mark ',') · fa ، (punctuation mark ',') · fa دِرَنْگنَما (punctuation mark ',') · yi קאָמע (punctuation mark ',') · kmr vîrgul (punctuation mark ',') · hu vessző (punctuation mark ',') · ug پەش (punctuation mark ',') · ia comma (punctuation mark ',') · ru запята́я (punctuation mark ',') · ja 読点 (punctuation mark ',') · mk запирка (punctuation mark ',') · sk čiarka (punctuation mark ',') · fr virgule (punctuation mark ',') · ast coma (punctuation mark ',') · ps ، (punctuation mark ',') · am ንኡስ ሰረዝ (punctuation mark ',') · nb hvit C (butterfly) · be ко́ска (punctuation mark ',') · de Komma (punctuation mark ',') · kmr bêhnok (punctuation mark ',') · km កណ្ដកសញ្ញា (punctuation mark ',') · es coma (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · sh zárez (punctuation mark ',') · gl vírgula (punctuation mark ',') · ga camóg (punctuation mark ',') · cjs сеткин (punctuation mark ',') · mn таслал (punctuation mark ',') · tl kuwit (punctuation mark ',') · fa واوَک (punctuation mark ',') · nl komma (punctuation mark ',') · ar فَصْلَة (punctuation mark ',') · la comma (punctuation mark ',') · fy komma (punctuation mark ',') · tr virgül (punctuation mark ',') · bg запета́я (punctuation mark ',') · my ပုဒ်ကလေး (punctuation mark ',') · ru комма (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · lv komats (punctuation mark ',') · rue запята́ (punctuation mark ',') · da komma (punctuation mark ',') · sh zȁpeta (punctuation mark ',') · lt kablelis (punctuation mark ',') · ko 콤마 (punctuation mark ',') · th ลูกน้ำ (punctuation mark ',') · os къӕдзыг (punctuation mark ',') · lo ຈຸນລະພາກ (punctuation mark ',') · ar فَاصِلَة (punctuation mark ',') · ms koma (punctuation mark ',') · ca coma (punctuation mark ',') · kmr koma (punctuation mark ',') · fa ویرْگول (punctuation mark ',') · et koma (punctuation mark ',') · ar فارِزَة (punctuation mark ',') · ko 쉼표 (punctuation mark ',') · fi herukkaperhonen (butterfly) · kk үтір (punctuation mark ',') · tg вергул (punctuation mark ',') · th จุดลูกน้ำ (punctuation mark ',') · la diastolē (punctuation mark ',') · it comma (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · sh за́рез (punctuation mark ',') · uk кома (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · ky үтүр (punctuation mark ',') · hy ստորակետ (punctuation mark ',') · sw alama ya mkato (punctuation mark ',') · my ၊ (punctuation mark ',') · sw koma (punctuation mark ',') · tk otur (punctuation mark ',') · ka მძიმე (punctuation mark ',') · vo liunül (punctuation mark ',') · hu c-betűs lepke (butterfly) · oc virgula (punctuation mark ',') · cs čárka (punctuation mark ',') · de C-Falter (butterfly) · hsb koma (punctuation mark ',') · sv komma (punctuation mark ',') · az vergül (punctuation mark ',') · cmn 音差 (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · vi phẩy (punctuation mark ',') · ga camóg (butterfly) · lij còmma (punctuation mark ',') · ml അല്പവിരാമം (punctuation mark ',') · pl rusałka ceik (butterfly) · tt өтер (punctuation mark ',') · yue 逗號 /逗号 (punctuation mark ',') · ps کامه (punctuation mark ',') · uz vergul (punctuation mark ',') · lo ຈຸດ (punctuation mark ',') · ro virgulă (punctuation mark ',') · cmn 頓號 /顿号 (punctuation mark ',') · cmn 逗號 /逗号 (punctuation mark ',') · fa کُما کاما (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · he פְּסִיק (punctuation mark ',') · it virgola (punctuation mark ',') · el κόμμα (punctuation mark ',') · gl coma (punctuation mark ',') · cy mantell garpiog (butterfly) · kw komma (punctuation mark ',') · uk пере́тинка (punctuation mark ',') · es coma (punctuation mark ',') · is komma (punctuation mark ',') · hi कामा (punctuation mark ',') · fy skrapke (punctuation mark ',') · dsb koma (punctuation mark ',') · ar شَوْلَة (punctuation mark ',') · nb komma (punctuation mark ',') · fr comma (very small musical interval as the difference resulting from tuning one note two different ways) · km សញ្ញាក្បៀស (punctuation mark ',') · crh virgül (punctuation mark ',') · fur virgule (punctuation mark ',') · kw kommas (punctuation mark ',')