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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

cleft en · NOUN · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /ˈklɛft/
  • [ˈkʰl̥ɛft]
  • (Southern-England) audio

Etymology

From Middle English clift, from Old English ġeclyft, from Proto-West Germanic *klufti, from Proto-Germanic *kluftiz, equivalent to cleave + -t (“-th”). Compare Dutch klucht (“coarse comedy”), Swedish klyft (“cave, den”), German Kluft. See cleave.

Meanings

  1. An opening, fissure, or V-shaped indentation made by or as if by splitting.
    • First of all they released the arms from the bodies, then making four clefts at the end of each arm they fashioned hands and fingers. 1918, James George Frazer, Folk-Lore In The Old Testament, volume 1, page 42:
    • The river flows through a cleft in the mountains.
    • Then came some palsied oak, a cleft in him / Like a distorted mouth that splits its rim / Gaping at death, and dies while it recoils. 1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXVI:
  2. A piece made by splitting.
    • a cleft of wood
  3. A disease of horses; a crack on the band of the pastern.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
clefts Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

cleft lip · natal cleft · pudendal cleft · cleft sentence · Rathke's cleft · noncleft · anal cleft · cleft of Venus · cleft palate · cleft foot · pseudocleft · mental cleft · cleft grafting · synaptic cleft · cleft stick · intergluteal cleft · uncleft · gluteal cleft · cleft chin · cleft habitus · watercleft · chin cleft · cleftgraft

Relateds

cleavage · cloven · dimple · cleave · cleaver

Translations (64)

sv spricka (opening made or as if made by splitting) · hu hasadék (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ota فتق (opening made or as if made by splitting) · pl szczelina (opening made or as if made by splitting) · hi फटाव (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cs puklina (opening made or as if made by splitting) · sv klyfta (opening made or as if made by splitting) · pt rachadura (opening made or as if made by splitting) · hi फटन (opening made or as if made by splitting) · pt partido (opening made or as if made by splitting) · no revne (opening made or as if made by splitting) · fa تراک (opening made or as if made by splitting) · mk цепна́тина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · tr yarık (opening made or as if made by splitting) · no spalte (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ko(opening made or as if made by splitting) · hi विदर (opening made or as if made by splitting) · da spalte (opening made or as if made by splitting) · pt fissura (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ru тре́щина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ar صَدْع (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ja 割れ目 (opening made or as if made by splitting) · fr fissure (opening made or as if made by splitting) · oc ascladura (opening made or as if made by splitting) · mk це́пка (opening made or as if made by splitting) · sh пукотина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ar شَقّ (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cs prasklina (opening made or as if made by splitting) · kk сызат (opening made or as if made by splitting) · hi दरार (opening made or as if made by splitting) · zza qeliş (opening made or as if made by splitting) · he בקע (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ar شَرْم (opening made or as if made by splitting) · da revne (opening made or as if made by splitting) · kk жарықшақ (opening made or as if made by splitting) · oc fracha (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ko(opening made or as if made by splitting) · kk жарық (opening made or as if made by splitting) · nl kloof (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cs štěrbina (opening made or as if made by splitting) · bg цепка (opening made or as if made by splitting) · oc fendilha (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cmn 裂縫 /裂缝 (opening made or as if made by splitting) · hi विभ्रंश (opening made or as if made by splitting) · grc ῥωχμός (opening made or as if made by splitting) · nl spleet (opening made or as if made by splitting) · he שסע (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ru рассе́лина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · bg цепнатина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · mi hakono (opening made or as if made by splitting) · de Riß (opening made or as if made by splitting) · gl fenda (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cs rozštěp (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ru расще́лина (opening made or as if made by splitting) · oc fendascla (opening made or as if made by splitting) · fi lovi (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ota چاك (opening made or as if made by splitting) · es hendidura (opening made or as if made by splitting) · sv rämna (opening made or as if made by splitting) · it fessura (opening made or as if made by splitting) · de Spalte (opening made or as if made by splitting) · cs trhlina (opening made or as if made by splitting) · ja 裂け目 (opening made or as if made by splitting) · sh pukotina (opening made or as if made by splitting)

cleft en · VERB · etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • /ˈklɛft/
  • [ˈkʰl̥ɛft]
  • (Southern-England) audio

Etymology

From Middle English clift, from Old English ġeclyft, from Proto-West Germanic *klufti, from Proto-Germanic *kluftiz, equivalent to cleave + -t (“-th”). Compare Dutch klucht (“coarse comedy”), Swedish klyft (“cave, den”), German Kluft. See cleave.

Meanings

  1. To syntactically separate a prominent constituent from the rest of the clause that concerns it, such as threat in "The threat which I saw but which he didn't see, was his downfall."
    • When the affected object is clefted, the clefted constituent may be assigned a contrastive reading on the event denoted by the clause, as is shown in (62). 2002, Claire Lefebvre, A Grammar of Fongbe, page 521:
    • The strategy the language employs is to cleft the clause containing the wh-phrase, as exemplified in (3) […] 2013, Katharina Hartmann, Cleft Structures, page 270:
    • This may be so because in most languages the most natural clefting involves NP's, and it is in fact hard in most languages to cleft the verb, although some — notably Kwa languages in West-Africa — allow such clefting. 1983, John Haiman, Pamela Munro, editors, Switch-reference and Universal Grammar: Proceedings of a Symposium on Switch Reference and Universal Grammar, Winnipeg, May 1981:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
clefted Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
clefted Tense=Past lexicographic
clefting Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
clefts Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic

Relateds

clefting · cleft sentence

cleft en · ADJ · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /ˈklɛft/
  • [ˈkʰl̥ɛft]
  • (Southern-England) audio

Meanings

  1. (not-comparable) split, divided, or partially divided into two.

Deriveds

in a cleft stick

Synonyms

cloven

Translations (7)

hi विदलित (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · fi halkinainen (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · no kløyve (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · sv klyva (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · la bifidus (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · mi tararua (Split, divided, or partially divided into two) · cs rozštěpený (Split, divided, or partially divided into two)

cleft en · VERB · etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • /ˈklɛft/
  • [ˈkʰl̥ɛft]
  • (Southern-England) audio

Meanings

  1. (form-of, participle, past) simple past and past participle of cleave
    form of cleave