cinchona en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /sɪŋˈkoʊnə/ (US)
- /sɪŋˈkəʊnə/ (UK)
- (Southern-England) audio
Etymology
From New Latin cinchona, from Spanish Chinchón. Named by Carl Linnaeus after Ana de Osorio, 4th Countess of Chinchón (1599–1625), the wife of the Spanish Viceroy of Peru, who was allegedly cured of a fever by the bark.
Meanings
-
(countable, uncountable) A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.
He seems to have collected plants of every kind - sugar-cane, coffee, cinchona, cocoa, indigo, and many others - and thus demonstrates beyond a doubt that Arnheim's Land will not prove herself behind the rest of the tropical world both in planting and agriculture, when the labour question is settled, and a properly-arranged coolie system enables planters to give the country a proper trial.
1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 222:German chemists were the first to isolate pure drug chemicals from herbal medicines, with the isolation of morphine from crude opium in 1803 and quinine from the bark of the cinchona tree in 1820.
2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 8:
- (countable, uncountable) The bark of these plants, which yield quinine and other alkaloids useful in reducing fevers and particularly in combatting malaria.
- (countable, uncountable) Any medicine chiefly composed of the prepared bark of these plants.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| chinchona | alternative | lexicographic | |
| chincona | alternative | lexicographic | |
| cinchonas | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
cinchonise · cinchona red · cinchonal · cinchonize · cinchonism
Relateds
cinchonidia · cinchonic acid · cinchonamine · cinchonicia · cinchonic red · cinchonicine · cinchonaceae · cinchonic · cinchonia · cinchonate · cinchonaceous · cinchonidine
Synonyms
quinine bark · quinquina · quinquina · Peruvian bark · Jesuit's bark · cinchona bark
Translations (33)
de Chinarindenbaum (tree) · fi kiinapuu (tree) · ru хи́нная ко́рка (bark) · cmn 金雞納樹皮 /金鸡纳树皮 (bark) · fi kiinapuun kuori (bark) · bg хининово дърво (tree) · hu kínafa (tree) · ru хи́на (bark) · de Chinarinde (bark) · bg хининова кора (bark) · pt quina (tree) · ru хи́нная кора́ (bark) · es quino (bark) · tl singkona (tree) · es chinchona (bark) · hi कुनैन (bark) · es cascarilla (bark) · lo ແກງກິນາ (tree) · eo kinkono (bark) · es quinaquina (bark) · cmn 金雞納 /金鸡纳 (tree) · eo kinkono (tree) · tr Cizvit merhemi (bark) · tr kınakına (tree) · es quina (bark) · es corteza de quino (bark) · cy rhisgl Periw (bark) · fr quinquina (tree) · ru хи́нная насто́йка (bark) · tr kinin lapası (bark) · cy rhisgl yr India (bark) · pt quina (bark) · fr herbe des jésuites (bark)