castle en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /ˈkɑːsəl/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- (US) audio
- käs'(ə)l (Received-Pronunciation)
- /kɑːsl̩/ (Received-Pronunciation)
- /kæsl̩/ US, Canada, Northern England, Victoria
- (Australia) audio
- kăs'(ə)l US, Canada, Northern England, Victoria
- /ˈkæsəl/ US, Canada, Northern England, Victoria
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr Proto-Indo-European *-trom Proto-Indo-European *ḱstrom Proto-Italic *kastrom Latin castrum Proto-Indo-European *-lós Proto-Indo-European *-elós Proto-Italic *-elos Latin -lum Latin castellumbor. Proto-West Germanic *kastell Old English castel Middle English castel English castle From Middle English castle, castel, from late Old English castel, castell (“a town, village”), borrowed from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”), diminutive of Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”). Doublet of cashel, castell, castellum, and château. Parallel borrowings (from Late Latin or Old French) are Scots castel, castell (“castle”), West Frisian kastiel (“castle”), Dutch kasteel (“castle”), German Kastell (“castle”), Danish kastel (“citadel”), Swedish kastell (“citadel”), Icelandic kastali (“castle”), Welsh castell. The late Old English word was borrowed from biblical Latin castellum which has been translated as town or village. With the sense of castle, from Anglo-Norman/Old Northern French castel (“castle”), itself from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”) (compare modern French château from Old French chastel). If Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”) is from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”), Latin casa (“cottage, hut”) is related. Possibly related also to Gothic 𐌷𐌴𐌸𐌾𐍉 (hēþjō, “chamber”), Old English heaþor (“restraint, confinement, enclosure, prison”). See also casino, cassock.
Meanings
- A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.
- An instance of castling.
- (informal) A rook; a chess piece shaped like a castle tower.
- A defense structure in shogi formed by defensive pieces surrounding the king.
-
(obsolete) A close helmet.
The castle was perhaps a figurative name for a close headpiece deduced from its enclosing and defending the head, as a castle did the whole body; or a corruption from the Old French word casquetel, a small or light helmet.
1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 12:
- (dated) Any strong, imposing, and stately palace or mansion.
- (dated) A small tower, as on a ship, or an elephant's back.
-
(colloquial) The wicket.
Nay, he was quite an adept, and was very effective as a change bowler, for in no time he demolished the castle of any batsman.
1966, Gurdeep Singh, Cricket in Northern India, page 59:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| castles | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Coordinates
incastellate (building) · castellated (building) · incastled (building) · castellany (building) · incastellated (building) · castellate (building) · incastle (building) · castellan (building)
Deriveds
becastled · Castle Vale · forecastle · fo'c's'le · inflatable castle · sterncastle · Castle Dale · Castle Doyle · Castle Bromwich · Castle Hill · Castleford · Castle Acre · Castle Ashby · Castle Hedingham · Castle Point · starter castle · castlelike · bouncing castle · castlet · Castle Caereinion · a man's home is his castle · counter-castle · Castlerock · castle pudding · castle doctrine · build castles in the air · snow castle · an Englishman's home is his castle · Castleblayney · Newcastle · Castle Eden · Bishop's Castle · king of the castle · Hopton Castle · uncastle · castle-work · New Castle · Castle Rock · Castle Cary · Greencastle · Burgh Castle · pseudocastle · Castle Gresley · castlebuilder · aftcastle · Castle Bolton · air castle · Castle Donington · castlette · Richard's Castle · bouncy castle · Hanley Castle · aftercastle · Barnard Castle · jumping castle · Castle Green · castleful · castleless · Elephant and Castle · castlebuilding · fo'c'sle · castle in the air · Castle Douglas · fairy castle cactus · Castle Combe · castle of love · castle in the skies · Castle Donnington · fo'c'stle · Castledawson · Castle Cove · sandcastle · fo'castle · castle-wick · Castle · ice castle · Mountcastle · Redcastle · milecastle · summer-castle · toll castle · castlewise · Ayton Castle · Castlebellingham · castlewright · Rowlands Castle · Castle Bytham · Corfe Castle · Castlecrag · castle-guard · worm castle · castle thunder · Wolf's Castle · Castletown · North Castle · cat-castle · castle nut · castleward · Castle Mountain · Elmley Castle · Castle Rising · coward's castle · Castle Hot Springs
Descendants
Hyponyms
keep (building) · motte and bailey (building)
Relateds
castelet · castellation · castell · castellan · castellate · castellar · castellated · castellum
Synonyms
fortress (building)
Translations (235)
el φρούριο (fortified building) · qu pukara (fortified building) · hu vár (fortified building) · rm chastè (fortified building) · nl fort (fortified building) · fi tornitus (chess: instance of castling) · km ប្រាសាទ (fortified building) · rom dyiz (fortified building) · lb Buerg (fortified building) · ltg piļs (fortified building) · sh dvórac (fortified building) · da slot (fortified building) · eu gaztelu (fortified building) · atv сумак (fortified building) · ar قَلْعَة (fortified building) · ota قلعه (fortified building) · fa-ira قَلْعِه (fortified building) · pcd catiau (fortified building) · prs کَلَات (fortified building) · vo kased (fortified building) · yue 城堡 (fortified building) · crh qale (fortified building) · km វិមាន (fortified building) · grc ἀκρόπολις (fortified building) · rup culã (fortified building) · pl zamek (fortified building) · sa दुर्ग (fortified building) · ryu 城 (fortified building) · fi linna (fortified building) · is virki (fortified building) · be за́мак (fortified building) · az qəsr (fortified building) · ak abankɛseɛ (fortified building) · gl castelo (fortified building) · ang castel (fortified building) · tk gala (fortified building) · ps کلا (fortified building) · fur cjiscjel (fortified building) · ro castel (fortified building) · hy ամրոց (fortified building) · ky сарай (fortified building) · tk saraý (fortified building) · hi दुर्ग (fortified building) · vec casteo (fortified building) · nrf châté (fortified building) · es castillo (fortified building) · osx burug (fortified building) · la castellum (fortified building) · frp châtél (fortified building) · ga caisleán (fortified building) · eo kastelo (fortified building) · cs zámek (fortified building) · is kastali (fortified building) · ja 城 (fortified building) · io kastelo (fortified building) · ko 성 (fortified building) · acw قَلْعة (fortified building) · zkg 忽 (fortified building) · ang burh (fortified building) · ota حصار (fortified building) · tg кӯшк (fortified building) · ug قەلئە (fortified building) · zza qesr (diq) (fortified building) · tr kale (fortified building) · got 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 (fortified building) · scn casteḍḍu (fortified building) · fo slott (fortified building) · lt pilis (fortified building) · pdt Schlott (fortified building) · sv borg (fortified building) · fro castel (fortified building) · ur قَلْعَہ (fortified building) · is höll (fortified building) · mk замок (fortified building) · hi क़िला (fortified building) · fur cjistiel (fortified building) · sq kala (fortified building) · yi שלאָס (fortified building) · tab гъала (fortified building) · fa-ira قَصْر (fortified building) · dlm castial (fortified building) · fa-ira بُرْج (fortified building) · prs قَصْر (fortified building) · ast castiellu (fortified building) · wa tchestea (fortified building) · tr saray (fortified building) · lad kastilyo (fortified building) · ur دُرْگ (fortified building) · oc castèl (fortified building) · ja 城郭 (fortified building) · ug قەسىر (fortified building) · ca castell (fortified building) · ka ციხე-დარბაზი (fortified building) · el κάστρο (fortified building) · it castello (fortified building) · pt castelo (fortified building) · rm chastè-fortezza (fortified building) · he טִירָה (fortified building) · lo ປາງ (fortified building) · de Festung (fortified building) · tg қалъа (fortified building) · bn দুর্গ (fortified building) · prs دِژ (fortified building) · is borg (fortified building) · fr château-fort (fortified building) · br kastell (fortified building) · uz qal'a (fortified building) · kl illussaarsuaq (fortified building) · pkc 己 (fortified building) · sq këshqel (fortified building) · ast castiyu (fortified building) · ky замок (fortified building) · fr château (fortified building) · hsb hród (fortified building) · ug ساراي (fortified building) · kl pallittaalisaq (fortified building) · ang burg (fortified building) · mr दुर्ग (fortified building) · kk сарай (fortified building) · tl kastilyo (fortified building) · ota حصن (fortified building) · id kastil (fortified building) · th ปราสาท (fortified building) · zza qela (fortified building) · ka კოშკი (fortified building) · sq kështjellë (fortified building) · sc casteddu (fortified building) · nl kasteel (fortified building) · ota قسطل (fortified building) · ms istana (fortified building) · ta அரண்மனை (fortified building) · prs بُرْج (fortified building) · sv fästning (fortified building) · mr किल्ला (fortified building) · vi lâu đài (fortified building) · ang fæsten (fortified building) · ia castello (fortified building) · lo ຜາສາດ (fortified building) · sk zámok (fortified building) · ce гӏала (fortified building) · hi बुर्ज (fortified building) · goh burg (fortified building) · cy caer (fortified building) · lo ມຸນທຽນ (fortified building) · br kestell (fortified building) · nb slott (fortified building) · fur čhisčhel (fortified building) · ur قِلْعَہ (fortified building) · ady къэлэсэраи (fortified building) · az saray (fortified building) · nb borg (fortified building) · sv befästning (fortified building) · dsb grod (fortified building) · fy kastiel (fortified building) · oc castèu (fortified building) · fo borg (fortified building) · cs hrad (fortified building) · ckb قەڵا (fortified building) · tg қаср (fortified building) · de Schloss (fortified building) · es castro (fortified building) · bn গঞ্জ (fortified building) · de Burg (fortified building) · af kasteel (fortified building) · ky сепил (fortified building) · fro chastel (fortified building) · cy castell (fortified building) · da borg (fortified building) · uz qasr (fortified building) · sl grad (fortified building) · lb Schlass (fortified building) · tr şato (fortified building) · hu kastély (fortified building) · lb Festung (fortified building) · osx burh (fortified building) · sh дво́рац (fortified building) · prs قَلْعَه (fortified building) · ar بُرْج (fortified building) · ur گَڑْھ (fortified building) · ar قَصْر (fortified building) · bg за́мък (fortified building) · cmn 城堡 (fortified building) · ko 성곽 (fortified building) · yi בורג (fortified building) · mt kastell (fortified building) · ext castillu (fortified building) · lv pils (fortified building) · mn цайз (fortified building) · uk за́мок (fortified building) · hy դղյակ (fortified building) · uz saroy (fortified building) · my ရဲတိုက် (fortified building) · ar قِلْعَة (fortified building) · av хъала (fortified building) · fa-ira دِژ (fortified building) · lo ປາສາດ (fortified building) · grc φρούριον (fortified building) · vec casteło (fortified building) · et kindlus (fortified building) · os галуан (fortified building) · sv slott (fortified building) · ms kastil (fortified building) · vec castel (fortified building) · bn কেল্লা (fortified building) · sco castle (fortified building) · pox gord (fortified building) · nap castiello (fortified building) · la castrum (fortified building) · mr गड (fortified building) · hi गढ़ (fortified building) · fy slot (fortified building) · da herregård (fortified building) · oc castèth (fortified building) · kmr keleh (fortified building) · ota كرمان (fortified building) · ta கோட்டை (fortified building) · osx burg (fortified building) · kk қамал (fortified building) · az qala (fortified building) · fa-ira کَلات (fortified building) · ru за́мок (fortified building) · tr hisar (fortified building) · alt сомок (fortified building) · oko 忽 (fortified building) · nl slot (fortified building) · gd caisteal (fortified building) · orv костьръ (fortified building) · nl burcht (fortified building) · ps قصر (fortified building) · mwl castielho (fortified building) · id puri (fortified building) · sk hrad (fortified building) · ur بُرْج (fortified building) · tr kermen (fortified building) · et linnus (fortified building)