capitalism en · NOUN
Pronunciation
- /kəˈpɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/ (Received-Pronunciation, dated)
- /ˌkæp.təl-/ (General-American)
- /ˈkæp.ə.təlˌɪzm̩/ (General-American)
- /-ˌɪz.əm/ (General-American)
- (Southern-England) audio
- /ˈkapɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m/ (Received-Pronunciation)
Etymology
Etymology tree substratebor.? Proto-Indo-European *kap-? Proto-Indo-European *kap- Proto-Indo-European *káput Proto-Italic *kaput Latin caput Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin capitālisbor. French capital Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ῐσμός (-ĭsmós)bor. Latin -ismusbor. French -isme French capitalismebor. English capitalism Borrowed from French capitalisme (“the condition of one who is rich”); equivalent to capital + -ism. Derived from Proto-Indo-European *káput (“head”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-. First used in English by novelist William Thackeray in The Newcomes [1854-1855].
Meanings
-
(countable, uncountable) A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit.
What this war has demonstrated is that private capitalism—that is, an economic system in which land, factories, mines and transport are owned privately and operated solely for profit—does not work. It cannot deliver the goods. This fact had been known to millions of people for years past, but nothing ever came of it, because there was no real urge from below to alter the system, and those at the top had trained themselves to be impenetrably stupid on just this point. Argument and propaganda got one nowhere. The lords of property simply sat on their bottoms and proclaimed that all was for the best. Hitler's conquest of Europe, however, was a physical debunking of capitalism. War, for all its evil, is at any rate an unanswerable test of strength, like a try-your-grip machine. Great strength returns the penny, and there is no way of faking the result.
1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn, Pt. II:The peasantry have long since disappeared, the independent shopkeeper is being destroyed, the small business-man is diminishing in numbers. But at the same time modern industry is so complicated that it cannot get along without great numbers of managers, salesmen, engineers, chemists and technicians of all kinds, drawing fairly large salaries. And these in turn call into being a professional class of doctors, lawyers, teachers, artists, etc., etc. The tendency of advanced capitalism has therefore been to enlarge the middle class and not to wipe it out as it once seemed likely to do.
1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn, Pt. I:After the economic paralysis during the early years of the People's Republic, and after the chaos of the Cultural Revolution, the fresh though sometimes harsh wind of capitalism is blowing across this city's 2,388 square miles (6,185 square kilometers) with a socialist face. The motto of the Chinese national government "Become wealthy together!" has created a hectic atmosphere in Shanghai.
1999, “Shanghai”, in The Book of the World, 2nd United States edition (Atlas), Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 411, column 1:
- (Marxism, countable, uncountable) A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit. ▸ An economic system based on private control of the means of production and the exploitation of labour by capital.
- (countable, uncountable) A socio-economic system based on private ownership of resources, and capital and their exploitation for profit. ▸ An economic system based on private property and the abstraction of resources into the form of privately owned capital, with economic decisions made largely through the operation of a market unregulated by the state.
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| capitalisms | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
crony capitalism · supercapitalism · hyper-capitalism · anti-capitalism · crapitalism · technocapitalism · turbocapitalism · biocapitalism · late stage capitalism · platform capitalism · eco-capitalism · cybercapitalism · turbo-capitalism · ecocapitalism · vulture capitalism · postcapitalism · surveillance capitalism · stakeholder capitalism · late capitalism · shareholder capitalism · countercapitalism · late-stage capitalism · homocapitalism · casino capitalism · stateless capitalism · neo-capitalism · petrocapitalism · rainbow capitalism · precapitalism · handicapitalism · anticapitalism · welfare capitalism · venture capitalism · state capitalism · guided capitalism · anarcho-capitalism · noncapitalism · protocapitalism · neocapitalism · hypercapitalism · paleocapitalism · procapitalism · anarchist capitalism · semicapitalism · savage capitalism · philanthrocapitalism
Relateds
fascism · Reaganism · socialism · Marxism-Leninism · Gorbachevism · Khrushchevism · capitalistic · individualism · authoritarianism · Trumpism · totalitarianism · Leninism · Clintonism · Thatcherism · Marxism · communism · Titoism · capitalistically · Communism · conservatism · capital · Bolshevism · Trudeauism · liberalism · capitalist · Maoism · Trotskyism · Stalinism · Bushism · progressivism · collectivism · Rooseveltism · Fascism · bolshevism
Translations (114)
ps سرمايه داري (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ar رَأْسْمَالِيَّة (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · nb kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · cs kapitalismus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · yue 資本主義 /资本主义 (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sv kapitalism (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · el κεφαλαιοκρατία (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · tg капитализм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ml മുതലാളിത്തം (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ps پانګوالي (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · pl kapitalizm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · la capitālismus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sl kapitalizem (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sw ubepari (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · vo katädim (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · th (ลัทธิ~)ทุนนิยม (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · yi קאַפּיטאַליזם (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · br kapitalouriezh (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · lb Kapitalismus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · lt kapitalizmas (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · et kapitalism (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ota سرمایهدارلق (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · bn পুঁজিবাদ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gd calpachas (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · io kapitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ga rachmasaíocht (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · vi chủ nghĩa tư bản (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · id kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sk kapitalizmus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · th ลัทธินายทุน (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · tl puhunanan (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ks سَرمایہِ دٲری (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · uk капіталі́зм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · fa-ira سَرْمایِهداری (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · cy cyfalafiaeth (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · it capitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · lv kapitālisms (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · nl kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ur سَرْمایَہ داری (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gd calpachas (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · de Kapitalismus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · nn kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · el κεφαλαιοκρατία (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · my အရင်းရှင်ဝါဒ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · is auðvaldsskipulag (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · mr भांडवलशाही (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · gv bun-argidys (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · hi पूंजीवाद (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sh капиталѝзам (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ca capitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · tr kapitalizm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · es capitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · az sərmayəçilik (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ru капитали́зм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ka კაპიტალიზმი (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · cs kapitalizmus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · lo ລັດທິນາຍທຶນ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · mi angahaorawatanga (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ur سَرْمایَہ دارانَہ نِظام (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ro capitalism (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · tg сармоядорӣ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gl capitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · he קָפִּיטָלִיזְם (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · fr capitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ast capitalismu (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · eu kapitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gv capitlaghys (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · oc capitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · hu kapitalizmus (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · hi पूंजीवाद (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · as পুঁজিবাদ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · az kapitalizm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · si ධනවාදය (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · hy կապիտալիզմ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gv capitlaghys (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · fi kapitalismi (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · km មូលធននិយម (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ga caipitleachas (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · kk капитализм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · el καπιταλισμός (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · tk kapitalizm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · uz kapitalizm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ko 자본주의 (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · lo ທຶນນິຍົມ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ota كاپیتالیزم (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · sq kapitalizëm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · te పెట్టుబడిదారీ (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · kmr kapîtalîzm (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · da kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · is kapítalismi (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · hy դրամատիրություն (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · mn капитализм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · af kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on the abstraction of resources) · sh kapitalìzam (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · cmn 資本主義 /资本主义 (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ms faham kapitalis (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · gv bun-argidys (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · he הוֹנְתָנוּת (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · bg капитали́зъм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · fa-ira کَپیتالیسْم (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · af kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · pt capitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · mk капитали́зам (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · bo མ་རྩའི་རིང་ལུགས (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · li kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · mr भांडवलशाही (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · km លទ្ធិមូលធននិយម (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ja 資本主義 (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ms kapitalisme (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ps کاپيتاليزم (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ky капитализм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · eo kapitalismo (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · be капіталі́зм (socio-economic system based on private property rights) · ug كاپىتالىزم (socio-economic system based on private property rights)