Originally, it was probably used as an abbreviation of butcher. Later, in the 1940s, the sense of “masculine lesbian” developed.
Meanings
Very masculine, with a masculine appearance or attitude.
[…] Closeted men adopted feminine affect while butch men embraced traditional masculinity. 1998, Martin P. Levine, Michael S. Kimmel, Gay Macho: The Life and Death of the Homosexual Clone, page 57:
There, look, Mr. Horne! Vada that great butch lucoddy! 1967, Barry Took, Marty Feldman, Round the Horne, spoken by Sandy (Kenneth Williams):
[…] butch men who had sex with effeminate queens. […] 2015, Yorick Smaal, Sex, Soldiers and the South Pacific, 1939-45:
Nor can I credit that a — to put it crudely — proud bisexual butch Italian — albeit one lonely, poor, emotional and without strong will — which Giovanni is shown to be in the earlier part of the book, should become, in a mere matter of months, and as the result of any happening, the venal hysterical fairy that he does. 1979, Colin MacInnes, Out of the way: later essays:
Of a woman (usually lesbian), having a masculine appearance, or attitude.
"Faye got wicked buff and has a super butch haircut and it is hot as shit." "It's okay, babe. We can ogle her together." 2016, Jeph Jacques, Questionable Content (webcomic), Number 3154: Coupling:
The process of appreciating a butch aesthetic may be even more complex for bisexual butch women. In contrast to lesbian butches who may date only within a butch-femme community, bisexual butch women may be more likely to […] In comparison to butch bisexual women, it may be easier for femme bisexual women to locate male and female dating partners […] 2007, Beth A. Firestein, Becoming Visible: Counseling Bisexuals Across the Lifespan, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 305:
Then I started going out with different kinds of women, and I started feeling more like I wanted to be more butch. […] I feel much more butch than I feel femme. 1998, Kath Weston, Render Me, Gender Me: Lesbians Talk Sex, Class, Color, Nation, Studmuffins, Columbia University Press, →ISBN:
More of the rotten responses I receive about being a bisexual butch woman come from other bisexuals, particularly men, who don't want to deal with any woman who is not some Barbie doll standard of femininity. 2014, Naomi S Tucker, Bisexual Politics: Theories, Queries, and Visions, Routledge, →ISBN, page 186:
Originally, it was probably used as an abbreviation of butcher. Later, in the 1940s, the sense of “masculine lesbian” developed.
Meanings
(countable, slang) A lesbian who appears masculine or acts in a masculine manner.
Coming out appeals to the narcissistic pleasure of presenting to another a finished image of ourselves, which they return to us in exactly the same form: [someone tells] you [they are] a bisexual butch, and you confirm it. But instead, it seems all too likely – especially, perhaps, for bisexuals, whose claims to identity always need that much more proof – that no such mirror-image will be returned. 1997, Bi Academic Intervention, Bisexual Imaginary: Representation, Identity, and Desire, A&C Black, page 30, quoting Jo Eadie
And sometimes he also displayed by the side of his brooms, some spare-ribs after the killing of a neighbour’s pig—but there was no one in Black Moss who was a regular purveyor of any sort of meat. Certain there were indeed who “butched a bit noo an’ then,” but they looked for their meat to a butcher who journeyed to them from afar twice a week in the winter, and three times in the season. 1864, [Arthur Robins], “Job Redcar’s Suspicion”, in Black Moss. A Tale by a Tarn., volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], page 78:
Sax thouſand years are near hand fled, / Sin’ I was to the butching bred, / And mony a ſcheme in vain’s been laid, / To ſtap or ſcar me; / Till ane Hornbook’s ta’en up the trade, / And faith, he’ll waur me. 1787, Robert Burns, “Death and Doctor Hornbook. A True Story.”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, Edinburgh: […] the Author, and sold by William Creech, page 59:
Butch, to practice the trade of a butcher, to kill. [1846, John Trotter Brockett, W[illiam] E[dward] Brockett, A Glossary of North Country Words, with Their Etymology, and Affinity to Other Languages; and Occasional Notices of Local Customs and Popular Superstitions, 3rd edition, volume I, Newcastle upon Tyne: Emerson Charnley, […]; and Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., London, page 75:
A butcher who butched in Des Moines, / As his customers passed him des coines, / Said: “What will you take / In the way of a steak? / Here’s a very nice piece off des loines.” 1905 November 4, Allison Yewell, “Geographical Nonsense”, in The Saturday Evening Post, volume 178, number 19, Philadelphia, Pa., page 19:
BUTCH, v. to kill animals for food. as a butcher does. / Coll. Use. 1875. He use’t to be a farmer, but he butches neaw. 1875, John H[oward] Nodal, George Milner, A Glossary of the Lancashire Dialect, Manchester: ([…] [F]or the Literary Club by) Alexander Ireland & Co., […]. London: Trübner & Co., […], page 63:
I never wanted to be a politician. In my home universe, I was a butcher. Meat was my life. I butched. 2022, Ira Nayman, The Ugly Truth (Transdimensional Authority), Dartford: Elsewhen Press, →ISBN:
I expect to retire after that fashion—by changing work. The most serious weakness in our present social system is that everyone has to stick at the same thing all the time. It would be much more exciting if the butcher, having butched until his spirit is a bit weary, might become a Senator. 1924 October, Bruce Barton, “The Way I Want to Die”, in The Reader’s Digest, volume 3, number 30, page 359, column 1:
From out his red and sawdust shop / This butcher, born to chepe and chop, / Surveys without a trace of grief / Perambulating tombs of beef. / […] / It’s probable we never shall / Convince him that an animal / Is not mere layers of lean and fat; / He may have butched too much for that. 1927, Walter de la Mare, “Meat”, in Stuff and Nonsense and So On, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, page 16:
(nonstandard, transitive) To slaughter (animals) and prepare (meat) for market.
I can vouch that it is in regular use in Clitheroe and the neighbouring district, where such expressions as “I butched three sheep yesterday,” or “He used to be a farmer, but has now gone into the butching business,” are very frequently heard. 1918 July, Wm. Self Weeks, ““Butching””, in Notes and Queries: A Medium of Intercommunication for Literary Men, General Readers, etc., volume IV, number 82, page 199, column 1:
“Couldn’t Ali butch the cow, please?” said Bill, whose ears were ever open when the question of food was raised. 1868, Anne Bowman, The Young Nile-Voyagers, London: George Routledge and Sons, […]. New York: […] , page 297:
Growing every pig takes between 8 and 12 months, and once they are ready to be butched, he sells them for 1500 to 2000 pesos (150-200 USD). 2004, Gregorio Hernandez Zamora, Identity and Literacy Development: Life Histories of Marginal Adults in Mexico City, University of California, Berkeley, page 233:
Take thy huge offal and white liver hence, / Or in a twinkling of this true-blue steel / I shall be butching thee from nape to rump. 1834, Henry Taylor, Philip van Artvelde; a Dramatic Romance. […], 2nd edition, part II, London: Edward Moxon, […], pages 70–71:
She turned to the butcher and said, “butcher butcher butch the cow[…]” 2013, Queen Zakia Shabazz, The Old Lady and . . . . ., Trafford Publishing, published 2016, →ISBN:
However, the idea of horse meat for animal food is thoroughly established, and this industry has grown up in California because there seem to be more dogs and cats per capita than elsewhere; because horse meat sold in special pet food shops always has been economical, costing less than half as much as butcher’s meat. Even before the meat was freely sold in fresh form, it was butched regularly for dog food canners. 1943 August 15, “All About Horse Meat”, in Sales Management, volume 52, number 17, page 2, column 2: