Dictionary

bruise en · NOUN

Pronunciation

• /bɻʉz/ (Northern-Ireland)
• /bɾʉz/ (Scotland)
• /bɾɪu̯z/ (Wales)
• /bɹʉwz/ (British, Southern, Standard)
• /bɹuːz/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [bɾʉːz] (Scotland)
• bro͞oz
• /bɹʉːz/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
• (US) audio
• /bɹuz/ (US)

Etymology

From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”): * Old English brȳsan, brīesan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, *brūsijaną (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense. * Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form. Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).

Meanings

1. A purplish mark on the skin due to leakage of blood from capillaries under the surface that have been damaged by a blow.
2. A dark mark on fruit or vegetables caused by a blow to the surface.

Forms

Deriveds

bruisy · stone bruise · bruiseless · bruisewort · tobruise · bruiselike

Hyponyms

ecchymosis, (medical)

Synonyms

contusion (medical)

Translations (142)

cy briw (medical: mark on the skin) · cs modřina (medical: mark on the skin) · eu ubeldur (medical: mark on the skin) · nrf êcouocheuse (medical: mark on the skin) · mi uruhua (medical: mark on the skin) · gl hematoma (medical: mark on the skin) · ab аҟәа́ҟәарсҭа (medical: mark on the skin) · km ជាំ (medical: mark on the skin) · hu horzsolás (medical: mark on the skin) · grc μώλωψ (medical: mark on the skin) · gl negrón (mark on fruit or vegetable) · es hematoma (medical: mark on the skin) · ca blau (medical: mark on the skin) · sl modrica (medical: mark on the skin) · es moretón (medical: mark on the skin) · sh màsnica (medical: mark on the skin) · sv fläck (mark on fruit or vegetable) · sh ма̀сница (medical: mark on the skin) · krj lanus (medical: mark on the skin) · ru гемато́ма (medical: mark on the skin) · hu zúzódás (medical: mark on the skin) · os цъӕррӕмыхст (medical: mark on the skin) · eu ubelune (medical: mark on the skin) · nl rotte plek (mark on fruit or vegetable) · lv zilums (medical: mark on the skin) · pl obicie (mark on fruit or vegetable) · fr contusion (medical: mark on the skin) · af kneusplek (medical: mark on the skin) · bo སྨུག་ཏིག (medical: mark on the skin) · gl mazadura (medical: mark on the skin) · cy clais (medical: mark on the skin) · ga brú (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ro vânătaie (medical: mark on the skin) · pt roxo (medical: mark on the skin) · th รอยช้ำ (medical: mark on the skin) · ca blaüra (medical: mark on the skin) · it livido (medical: mark on the skin) · th รอยช้ำ (mark on fruit or vegetable) · mi marū (medical: mark on the skin) · mg manamangana (medical: mark on the skin) · ro julitură (medical: mark on the skin) · cs podlitina (medical: mark on the skin) · fi mustelma (medical: mark on the skin) · krc кюлтюм (medical: mark on the skin) · es magulladura (medical: mark on the skin) · gl negrón (medical: mark on the skin) · de Bluterguss (medical: mark on the skin) · es magullamiento (medical: mark on the skin) · tr morluk (medical: mark on the skin) · de blauer Fleck (medical: mark on the skin) · ar رَضَّة (medical: mark on the skin) · th รอยฟกช้ำ (medical: mark on the skin) · ro pată (mark on fruit or vegetable) · fr talure (mark on fruit or vegetable) · de Prellung (medical: mark on the skin) · az göyənək (medical: mark on the skin) · sk modrina (medical: mark on the skin) · sh mòdrica (medical: mark on the skin) · fr ecchymose (medical: mark on the skin) · nl blauwe plek (medical: mark on the skin) · mk модрица (medical: mark on the skin) · la līvor (medical: mark on the skin) · ilo sugat (medical: mark on the skin) · ru синя́к (medical: mark on the skin) · ab ахәа́хәара (medical: mark on the skin) · ga ball gorm (medical: mark on the skin) · gl mazadura (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ab ааха́ (medical: mark on the skin) · tl pasâ (medical: mark on the skin) · af bloukol (medical: mark on the skin) · fr bleu (medical: mark on the skin) · az göy (medical: mark on the skin) · pl stłuczenie (medical: mark on the skin) · fr meurtrissure (medical: mark on the skin) · es moradura (medical: mark on the skin) · ru кровоподтёк (medical: mark on the skin) · bg натъртено място (medical: mark on the skin) · es magullamiento (mark on fruit or vegetable) · sv blåmärke (medical: mark on the skin) · gd pronnadh (medical: mark on the skin) · es magullada (medical: mark on the skin) · pt hematoma (medical: mark on the skin) · ms lebam (medical: mark on the skin) · ru помя́тость (mark on fruit or vegetable) · sw chubuko (medical: mark on the skin) · he חַבּוּרָה (medical: mark on the skin) · el μώλωπας (medical: mark on the skin) · hy կապտուկ (medical: mark on the skin) · ca macadís (mark on fruit or vegetable) · hil lanog (medical: mark on the skin) · ca macadura (mark on fruit or vegetable) · be сіня́к (medical: mark on the skin) · ko 멍 (medical: mark on the skin) · it ammaccatura (mark on fruit or vegetable) · id bonyok (medical: mark on the skin) · sk podliatina (medical: mark on the skin) · fr cotissure (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ar كَدْمَة (medical: mark on the skin) · fi mustelma (mark on fruit or vegetable) · hil pal-us (medical: mark on the skin) · ru ссадина (medical: mark on the skin) · bg синка (medical: mark on the skin) · az qançır (medical: mark on the skin) · ru подби́тость (mark on fruit or vegetable) · es moratón (medical: mark on the skin) · ru поби́тость (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ka დალურჯებული ადგილი (medical: mark on the skin) · tr çürük (medical: mark on the skin) · pl siniec (medical: mark on the skin) · ab ацәҟьа́сҭа (medical: mark on the skin) · cmn 瘀青 (medical: mark on the skin) · es magullón (medical: mark on the skin) · sk šinka (medical: mark on the skin) · pl siniak (medical: mark on the skin) · nl beurze plek (mark on fruit or vegetable) · mn хөхрүүлэх (medical: mark on the skin) · km ខ្ទាំសាច់ (medical: mark on the skin) · az göyərti (medical: mark on the skin) · kw brew (medical: mark on the skin) · la contusio (medical: mark on the skin) · da blodudtrædning (medical: mark on the skin) · da blåt mærke (medical: mark on the skin) · gd pronnadh (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ar رَضّ (medical: mark on the skin) · nrf meurdrisseûthe (medical: mark on the skin) · es maca (mark on fruit or vegetable) · de Druckstelle (mark on fruit or vegetable) · uk сине́ць (medical: mark on the skin) · es cardenal (medical: mark on the skin) · mk модринка (medical: mark on the skin) · eo kontuzo (medical: mark on the skin) · hu ütődés (mark on fruit or vegetable) · ko 멍 (mark on fruit or vegetable) · la sūgillātiō (medical: mark on the skin) · tr morartı (medical: mark on the skin) · sh мо̀дрица (medical: mark on the skin) · ja あざ (medical: mark on the skin) · fr meurtrissure (mark on fruit or vegetable) · uk синя́к (medical: mark on the skin) · ru уши́б (medical: mark on the skin) · ceb bun-og (medical: mark on the skin) · ab ацәԥы́сҭа (medical: mark on the skin)

bruise en · VERB

Pronunciation

• /bɻʉz/ (Northern-Ireland)
• /bɾʉz/ (Scotland)
• /bɾɪu̯z/ (Wales)
• /bɹʉwz/ (British, Southern, Standard)
• /bɹuːz/ (Received-Pronunciation)
• [bɾʉːz] (Scotland)
• bro͞oz
• /bɹʉːz/ (Australia, New-Zealand)
• (US) audio
• /bɹuz/ (US)

Etymology

From Middle English bruisen, brusen, brosen, brisen, bresen, from a merger two words, both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”): * Old English brȳsan, brīesan (“to bruise; crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, *brūsijaną (“to break; crumble; crack”). Provided the word's sense. * Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash, shatter”), from Gaulish *brus-, from Proto-Celtic *bruseti (“to break”). Provided the word's form. Cognate with Scots brizz, German brausen (“to roar; boom; pound”), Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”), Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”).

Meanings

1. (transitive) To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it; to contuse.
   • It is as I have spoken: the testing first, next the bruising, and in the last bout the breaking and killing. 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, pages 25–26:
2. (transitive) To damage the skin of (fruit or vegetables), in an analogous way.
3. (intransitive) Of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises through being handled roughly.
   • Bananas bruise easily.
4. (intransitive) To become bruised.
   • I bruise easily.
5. (intransitive) To fight with the fists; to box.
   • Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom. 1854, Arthur Pendennis [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], The Newcomes: Memoirs of a Most Respectable Family, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], →OCLC:
6. (figuratively, transitive) To harm or injure somebody's feelings or self-esteem.
   • I was bruised by such wanton criticism.
   • Her thoughtless remarks bruised my ego.
7. (transitive) To impair (gin) by shaking rather than stirring.

Forms

Deriveds

bruiser · bruise up · unbruised · bruisability · bruisable · bruisedness · bruising

Translations (85)

ru помя́ть (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · scn appurminàrisi (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ca contusionar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fr se faire un bleu (to get bruised) · fr se cotir (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · fr cotir (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ro zgâria (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · el μωλωπίζομαι (to get bruised) · pl posiniaczyć (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ru ушиба́ть (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ru ушиби́ть (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · scn vunchiari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ru помя́ться (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · scn abbuḍḍàrisi (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · nl slaan (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es mallugar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fr se taler (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · mi kōmeke (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es macarse (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · es magullar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fr s'abîmer (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · bg натъртвам (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ca macar (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es mazar (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · scn appurminàrisi (to get bruised) · ar كَدَمَ (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es amoratarse (to get bruised) · fr meurtrir (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · it creare un livido (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · bg натъртвам се (to get bruised) · mi marū (to get bruised) · scn mazzulijari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es magullarse (to get bruised) · ga brúigh (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es magullar (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ru мя́ться (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · scn ammaccàrisi (to get bruised) · es estropearse (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · scn ammaccàrisi (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ru ушиби́ться (to get bruised) · pt ferir (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fi kolhia mustelmille (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · bg натъртвам (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ru мять (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es moretear (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es machacar (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · scn cappulijari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es magullarse (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ca masegar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · scn sunari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · es macar (disused) (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fr taler (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · nrf meurdri (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ca macar-se (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · cs otlouct se (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · sa तृणेढि (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ru ушиба́ться (to get bruised) · bg натъртвам се (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ca maganyar (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ca masegar-se (to get bruised) · scn cunzari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · fi saada mustelmia (to get bruised) · fr contusionner (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fi kolhiintua (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · pl siniaczyć (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · fi hakata mustelmille (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · scn abbirsari (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · ro se păta (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ca copejar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es contusionar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · es salirse moratones (to get bruised) · fi saada mustelmia (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises) · ga éirigh brúite (to get bruised) · ro învineți (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · mi kōmeke (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · kw brewi (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · eo kontuzi (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ca contusionar-se (to get bruised) · pt magoar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ga ballbhrúigh (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ga meil (cause fruit or vegetables to bruise) · de prellen (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · scn abbuḍḍàrisi (to get bruised) · ca maganyar (strike (a person), giving them a bruise) · ga éirigh brúite (of fruit or vegetables, to gain bruises)