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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

birch en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • /bɜːtʃ/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • bû(r)ch (US)
  • /bɝt͡ʃ/ (US)
  • bû(r)ch (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

PIE word *bʰerHǵós From Middle English birche, birk, from Old English birċe, bierċe, from Proto-West Germanic *birkijā, from Proto-Germanic *birkijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵos. Cognates Compare West Frisian bjirk, German Birke, variant of *berkō (compare Dutch berk, Danish birk, Swedish björk, Norwegian bjørk), Sanskrit भूर्ज (bhūrjá), Lithuanian béržas, Czech bříza, Ossetian бӕрз (bærz), Russian берёза (berjóza)), Latin fraxinus (“ash tree, ash javelin”), Albanian bredh.

Meanings

  1. (countable, uncountable) Any of various trees of the genus Betula, native to countries in the Northern Hemisphere.
  2. (countable, uncountable) A hard wood taken from the birch tree, typically used to make furniture.
  3. (countable, uncountable) A stick, rod or bundle of twigs made from birch wood, used for punishment.
  4. (countable, uncountable) A birch-bark canoe.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
birches Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

flame birch · birch mouse · black birch tree · canoe birch · water birch · Asian black birch · oil of birch · Much Birch · birch skeletonizer · Japanese cherry birch · birchy · silver birch · birch tar · bronze birch borer · birch bolete · downy birch · birch tree · river birch · white birch · birch bracket · birch borer · American white birch · Dahurian birch · sweet birch · yellow birch · birch sap · birch partridge · non-birch · Birch Vale · birchlike · weeping birch · birch of Jamaica · masur birch · dwarf birch · birch-leaved bellflower · birchen · curly birch · red birch · birch wood · cherry birch · paper birch · black birch · Daurian birch · birch wine · northern birch mouse · birch oil · birch beer · birchbark · birchwood

Synonyms

switch · makepeace

Translations (209)

sq mështekën (tree) · rup pilpet (tree) · is birki (tree) · kjh хазың (tree) · tr huş sopası (punishment device) · xsv berze (tree) · ru берёза (wood) · kum макъар (tree) · pdt Boakj (tree) · oka qʷəqʷłín' (tree) · orh tʃa꞉lban (tree) · sq mështekër (tree) · bbl გალ (tree) · pt bétula (tree) · ru прут (punishment device) · is björk (tree) · tuw-sol qaalbang (tree) · ce дакх (tree) · kw besowen (tree) · gl bidueiro (tree) · fi koivupuu (tree) · he לִבְנֶה (tree) · et kask (tree) · sh бреза (tree) · hsb brěza (tree) · fi koivu (wood) · oc bedol (tree) · eo betulo (tree) · is birki (wood) · bg бреза́ (tree) · sw ubao wa mbetula (wood) · ja 樺の木 (tree) · an abetullo (tree) · gl bido (tree) · lb Bierk (tree) · yi בעריאָזע (tree) · nn bjørk (tree) · az tozağacı (tree) · uk рі́зка (punishment device) · rup misteacãn (tree) · fi tuohikanootti (birch-bark canoe) · gv billey-beih (tree) · nb bjørk (tree) · gl bedulo (tree) · gld пиагда̄н (tree) · da birk (wood) · uk лози́на (punishment device) · kbd пхъэхуей (tree) · nb bjørk (wood) · twf tų́łęną (tree) · tyv хадың (tree) · co biolu (tree) · eu urki (tree) · ga beith (tree) · ky кайың (tree) · izh koivu (tree) · de Birke (tree) · tt каен (tree) · cmn 樺木 /桦木 (tree) · fi koivu (tree) · orv береза (tree) · ru ро́зга (punishment device) · nl berk (wood) · vi bạch dương class cây (tree) · az tozağacı (wood) · orv брѣза (tree) · bo སྟག་པ (tree) · he שַׁדָּר (tree) · uk лоза́ (punishment device) · pox breză (tree) · tr huş kırbacı (punishment device) · da birk (tree) · eo vergo (punishment device) · pl brzoza (tree) · crh aqqayın (tree) · tl abedul (tree) · zlw-ocs břieza (tree) · ab аҵааҵла (tree) · lez верх (tree) · ja(tree) · nv kʼishchííʼ (tree) · pl rózga (punishment device) · tl abedul (wood) · rm badugn (tree) · la betula (tree) · hy կեչի (tree) · es abedul (wood) · eve ча̄лбан (tree) · ota هوش (tree) · fa غان (tree) · hu nyír (tree) · nv naʼazhǫǫsh (tree) · fr bouleau (tree) · sah хатыҥ (tree) · tr huş ağacı (tree) · dlg катыӈ (tree) · ik urgiiḷiq (tree) · cu брѣза (tree) · ang bierċe (tree) · hu nyírfa (tree) · mnc ᡧᠠᠵᡳᠯᠠᠨ (tree) · yi בערעזע (tree) · nn bjørk (wood) · fr badine (punishment device) · tr huş kanosu (birch-bark canoe) · gl biduído (tree) · fi koivuvitsa (punishment device) · tr huş (wood) · et kõiv (tree) · dsb brjaza (tree) · os бӕрз (tree) · nb ris (punishment device) · it betulla (tree) · sw mbetula (tree) · sk breza (tree) · nb bjerk (wood) · oc beç (tree) · fr verge (punishment device) · cs bříza (tree) · xwo ᡍᡇᠰᡇᡏ (tree) · sl breza (tree) · crh акъкъайын (tree) · cmn 樺木 /桦木 (wood) · tr huş (tree) · ykg йааң (tree) · mjg-mgl jariai xjuusi (tree) · zlw-slv brzôza (tree) · vro kõiv (tree) · mn хус мод ᠬᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ (tree) · nds-de Bark (tree) · ca bedoll (tree) · ckt выԓгиԓ (tree) · pt vidoeiro (tree) · kim ӄадыӈ (tree) · dta caalbaang (tree) · tfn qʼey (tree) · ko 자작나무 (tree) · cmn 樺樹 /桦树 (tree) · co violu (tree) · khw بوُڑی (tree) · fo bjørk (tree) · lzz ხჩეჯა (tree) · lt beržas (tree) · niv ӿивс (tree) · gl bídalo (tree) · uk бере́за (tree) · ket усь (tree) · gd beith (tree) · alt кайыҥ (tree) · lbe кӏялахӏи (tree) · evn чалбан (tree) · vec brèdoła (tree) · bn ভূর্জ (tree) · fi Koivuniemen herra (punishment device) · fr baguette (punishment device) · nb stokk (punishment device) · mn хус ᠬᠤᠰᠤ (tree) · cmn 樺 /桦 (tree) · fi vitsa (punishment device) · el σημύδα (tree) · sq baloshe (tree) · kl orpik (tree) · sv björk (tree) · lv bērzs (tree) · xmf გვალიში ბული (tree) · sh breza (tree) · xal хусм (tree) · ain タッニ (tree) · ba ҡайын (tree) · be бяро́за (tree) · kk қайың (tree) · sa भूर्ज (tree) · nl berk (tree) · xmf ბულიშ ცხიმური (tree) · pt bétula (wood) · is birkitré (tree) · cy bedwen (tree) · es abedul (tree) · xdq ма́хъва (tree) · xmf ჭყერია (tree) · cjs қазың (tree) · fa توس (tree) · hu nyírfa (wood) · tuw-sol saalbang (tree) · ota آق آغاج (tree) · tr huş kayığı (birch-bark canoe) · fo birki (tree) · uz qayin (tree) · fi koivupuu (wood) · xwo ᡍᡇᠰᡇᠨ (tree) · ltg bārzs (tree) · gwi aat'oo (tree) · ca bedoll (wood) · ko 박달나무 (tree) · squ qʷéłiʔn (tree) · ka არყი (tree) · lbe мархъ (tree) · nb bjerk (tree) · mk бреза (tree) · oj wiigwaas (tree) · ru берёза (tree) · sv björk (wood) · ro mesteacăn (tree) · ug قېيىن (tree) · ca beç (tree) · ar بَتُولَا (tree) · sva ჟა̈ჴუ̂რა (tree) · kw besow (tree) · sco birk (tree)

birch en · VERB

Pronunciation

  • /bɜːtʃ/ (Received-Pronunciation)
  • (US) audio
  • bû(r)ch (US)
  • /bɝt͡ʃ/ (US)
  • bû(r)ch (Received-Pronunciation)

Etymology

PIE word *bʰerHǵós From Middle English birche, birk, from Old English birċe, bierċe, from Proto-West Germanic *birkijā, from Proto-Germanic *birkijǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵos. Cognates Compare West Frisian bjirk, German Birke, variant of *berkō (compare Dutch berk, Danish birk, Swedish björk, Norwegian bjørk), Sanskrit भूर्ज (bhūrjá), Lithuanian béržas, Czech bříza, Ossetian бӕрз (bærz), Russian берёза (berjóza)), Latin fraxinus (“ash tree, ash javelin”), Albanian bredh.

Meanings

  1. (transitive) To punish with a stick, bundle of twigs, or rod made of birch wood.
  2. (transitive) To punish as though one were using a stick, bundle of twigs, or rod made of birch wood.
    • […] and was tied to a tree and soundly birched with a bundle of furze 2012, Charles J. Esdaile, Outpost of Empire: The Napoleonic Occupation of Andalucia, 1810–1812, page 319:
    • That the morrow would see us arraigned 'fore the Head And probably birched with a willow 1902, M. M. Read, “The Midnight Feast”, in The Boy's Own Annual, volume 25, page 63:
    • The Mexica were always washing, in water obtained through the aqueduct, or in the lake, and would often go to the popular baths in the numerous stone steam houses (where birching, with grasses, or massage was also available). 2013, Hugh Thomas, Conquest: Cortes, Montezuma, and the Fall of Old Mexico, page 292:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
birching Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
birched Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
birched Tense=Past lexicographic
birches Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic

Deriveds

unbirched · bircher

Translations (15)

lv sukāt (to punish with a birch) · lv pērt (to punish with a birch) · uk пошмага́ти (to punish with a birch) · uk ви́шмагати (to punish with a birch) · uk нашмага́ти (to punish with a birch) · eo vergi (to punish with a birch) · lv sukāt (to punish as if one were using a birch) · fi piiskata (to punish as if one were using a birch) · eo vergado (to punish as if one were using a birch) · uk шмага́ти (to punish with a birch) · fr verger (to punish with a birch) · fi piiskata (to punish with a birch) · ru сечь розгами (to punish with a birch) · lv pērt (to punish as if one were using a birch) · uk відшмага́ти (to punish with a birch)